Why they are needed?
To help reward miners for when duplicate block solutions are found because of the shorter block times of Ethereum (compared to other cryptocurrency). An uncle is a smaller reward than a full block. (And if they are submitted later than the next block, the reward rapidly diminishes, ending at zero after seven blocks later.)
为什么需要叔块?
由于eth的区块时间非常短,eth非常容易在短时间分叉,为了奖励在那短时间里在“孤儿块”(也就是下一个区块的叔块),即非主链上挖矿的矿工,eth在区块中放入了uncle块来奖励他们的工作。
当然的是,他们的回报比主链矿工要少。而且随着离主链的偏移越来越大而越来越少。
个人理解:
这个机制意义不大,首先对于矿工来说选择矿池本身就是一种博弈,长期挖掘维持收益稳定是常识。没必要保证u所有人的短期利益。
而且这个区块记录叔块……区块本身就很大了你还加……