Cardboard cut-outs of Germany's election candidates have sprouted on lampposts
德国大选候选人的硬纸板宣传海报“侵占”路灯柱
You know it's election time in Germany when every lamppost sprouts the grinning face of a politician. Activists race to get their ladders out: popular lampposts on busy roads are hot property.
当你看到咧嘴笑的政客们如雨后春笋般出现在灯柱上时,你就知道,德国大选的时间到了。各党派的支持者们都争先恐后地拿出梯子,想抢占繁忙道路上的灯柱。
The images on the placards and the posters have barely changed since 1949, when modern Germany's first chancellor, Konrad Adenauer, stared ferociously into the middle distance above the words "Peace, Freedom and Unity".
自 1949 年以来,这些标语牌和海报上政治家的形象几乎没有发生变化,在联邦德国的第一任总理康拉德·阿登纳的竞选广告牌上,他坚毅的目光看向不远处,而视线的下方是“和平、自由和团结”的字样。
Today's would-be chancellors use the same technique: a face, a party name and a slogan. But strategists now analyse how to transmit the party's core message in the two seconds voters on average spend looking at a poster. What look like bland photos are carefully, and expensively, choreographed.***
如今,总理候选人的竞选广告牌用了同样的排版技巧:画面上印着竞选者的脸、他/她所代表的党派和竞选的口号。选民们浏览每张海报平均只花两秒,如何在这两秒里传递自己党派的核心信息成了智囊团们的“难题”。这些广告牌上的照片看似平淡无奇,实际上经过了精心设计,并且费用不菲。
The posters of the current poll favourite, SPD's Olaf Scholz, are the most successful. Mr Scholz, who is selling himself as the Angela Merkel continuity candidate, sits statesmanlike, as if he's already chancellor. His capable-looking hands are in the foreground, crossed in a manner reminiscent of a characteristic Merkel pose.***
目前在民意调查中呼声最高的是社民党的奥拉夫·肖尔茨,他的海报也被认为是最成功的。肖尔茨宣传自己是继承安格拉·默克尔的“接班人”;在海报上,他坐着的姿势很有政治家风范,像是他已经是德国总理了。他那双看起来干练的双手处于画面最醒目的位置,双手交叉的姿势让人联想到默克尔的招牌姿势。
Christian Lindner, leader of the market-friendly FDP, has opted to look knackered in shirtsleeves at his night-time desk — a hardworking, last-one-in-the-office pose that he hopes will appeal to his pro-business supporters.
自由民主党对市场持友好态度,该党的主席克里斯蒂安·林德纳在海报上只穿着衬衫,坐在夜晚的办公桌前,看上去有些疲惫。海报上他勤奋、永远最后一个离开公司的形象,意味着他希望以此吸引到亲商的支持者们。
To foreign observers, the posters can seem old-fashioned and the photos unattractive. But in Germany posters are effective political tools. Some 56% of voters said they were informed about parties and candidates from posters, compared to only 48% for TV ads and 25% for social media, according to a study by Hohenheim University and Forsa, a polling company.
对于外国观察家来说,这些海报看起来有点过时,照片也没什么吸引力。但在德国,海报是有效的政治工具。根据霍恩海姆大学和民意调查公司 Forsa 的一项研究,大约 56% 的选民是通过海报了解政党和候选人的,相比之下,电视广告和社交媒体的这一比例分别为 48% 和 25%。
主编:桃子、Seika
品控:桃子
审核:Maisie
重点词汇
cardboard cut-out
/ˌkɑːrd.bɔːrd ˈkʌt̬.aʊt/
n. 硬纸板做的宣传海报
相关词汇:cardboard(n. 硬纸板)
相关词汇:cut-out(n. 用硬纸板等剪下的图形)
(图为社民党的奥拉夫·肖尔茨)
sprout
/spraʊt/
v. 涌现,突然出现;植物发芽,抽芽
例句:It takes about three days for the seeds to sprout.(植物发芽,抽芽)
例句:New factories have sprouted up everywhere.(涌现,突然出现)
lamppost
/ˈlæmp.poʊst/
n. 路灯柱
相关词汇:lamp(n. 灯)
相关词汇:post(n. 柱子,杆子)
grin
/ɡrɪn/
v. 露齿笑,咧嘴笑
英文释义:to smile widely
例句:He was grinning from ear to ear.
相关词汇:laugh(v.(出声地)笑,大笑)
相关词汇:giggle(v. 愉悦的、“咯咯”的笑声)
相关词汇:sneer(v. 带有不屑的冷笑或嘲笑)
placard
/ˈplæk.ɑːrd/
n. 标语牌
词义辨析:placard, poster
两者都可以指“印着字的印刷品”,poster 通常指单张纸形式、可张贴的海报,placard 则是人们游行等时候拿着的标语牌。
chancellor
/ˈtʃæn.səl.ɚ/
n. 总理;(政府)大臣;(大学)校长
英文释义:a person in a position of the highest or high rank, especially in a university or government
ferociously
/fəˈroʊ.ʃəs.li/
adv. 坚毅地,坚决地;凶恶地
相关词汇:ferocious(adj. 凶猛的,可怕的)
搭配短语:a ferocious, hungry lion
英文释义:in a strong, powerful, or very determined way
would-be
/ˈwʊd.bi/
adj. 想要成为……的,未来的
搭配短语:a would-be rock star
technique
/tekˈniːk/
n. 方法;技术,技能
搭配短语:modern medical techniques(n. 技术,技能)
近义词:method(n. 方法)
例句:Meditation is a very effective technique for combating stress.(n. 方法)
transmit
/trænsˈmɪt/
v. 传递,传播;播送,传送
英文释义:to broadcast something
例句:She transmitted her enjoyment of singing to the audience.
bland
/blænd/
adj. 枯燥乏味的;无滋味的
例句:I found chicken a little bland.
choreographed
/ˈkɔːr.i.ə.ɡræft/
adj.(活动等)精心设计的
相关词汇:choreography(n. 舞蹈设计,舞蹈编排)
词根词缀:choreo-(表示“舞蹈”)
词根词缀:-graphy(表示“书写”,相当于 writing)
favourite
/ˈfeɪ.vər.ət/
n.(比赛或竞赛中)最有希望的获胜者;特别受喜爱的人或者事物
词性拓展:favourite(adj. 最喜爱的)
例句:Brazil are favourites to win the World Cup.
补充:Brazil 在这里强调巴西队队员,所以谓语用复数。
continuity
/ˌkɑːn.tənˈuː.ə.t̬i/
n. 连续性,持续性
相关词汇:continue(v. 继续)
例句:There is often a lack of continuity between one government and the next.
搭配短语:continuity candidate(执政方式保持一致的“接班人”)
例句:Yoshihide Suga is widely seen as a continuity candidate who will carry on Abe's policies.
statesmanlike
/ˈsteɪt.smən.laɪk/
adj. 有政治家风范的,有政治家才干的
相关词汇:statesman(n. 政治家)
词性拓展:a respected elder statesman
词根词缀:-like(表示“像……一样的”)
补充:有时不及物动词后可以加形容词或名词,用来说明主语的状态,作用接近于表语。比如,She sat silent in the corner.(她安静地坐在角落里。)He died a millionaire.(他死的时候身价百万。)文章里,Mr Scholz sits statesmanlike.(肖尔茨坐着的姿势很有政治家风范。) statesmanlike 用来说明主语的状态,所以用的是形容词形式。
capable
/ˈkeɪ.pə.bəl/
adj. 能干的;做事效率高的,熟练的
英文释义:able to do things effectively and skillfully, and to achieve result
in the foreground
处于最突出的地位;在(画面的)前景中
相关词汇:foreground(n.(尤指图画或照片的)前景)
reminiscent
/ˌrem.əˈnɪs.ənt/
adj. 使人想起……的
搭配短语:be reminiscent of sth.
近义表达:remind sb. of sth.
例句:His style of painting is reminiscent of Da Vinci's.
knackered
/ˈnæk.ɚd/
adj. 筋疲力尽的,疲惫不堪的
词义辨析:knackered, tired
knackered 和 tired 意思相近,但 knackered 表示的疲倦的程度更深一些,更接近于 exhausted 或者 worn out。
appeal to
吸引
例句:The 'Harry Potter' series appeal to fans of all ages.
informed
/ɪnˈfɔːrmd/
adj. 了解情况的
相关词汇:inform(v. 通知)
例句:We are sorry to inform you that your flight is delayed.
polling
/poʊlɪŋ/
n.(进行)民意测验
相关词汇:poll(n. 民意调查)
搭配短语:conduct a poll / carry out a poll