一. 一些基本概念

消息队列

面试官问你什么是消息队列？把这篇甩给他！

RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ-简书
柯南君：看大数据时代下的IT架构（2）消息队列之RabbitMQ-基础概念详细介绍

AMQP

AMQP 协议详解-简书

二.依赖和配置

引入rabbitmq相关依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

相关配置

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5276
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
speing.rabbitmq.password=guest

三、使用样例3（Topic Exchange）

配置Topic Exchange

@Configuration
public class RabbitTopicConfig {
    public final static String TOPICNAME = "yzh-topic";
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange(){
        return new TopicExchange(TOPICNAME,true,false);
    }
    @Bean
    Queue queueUsa(){ return new Queue("queue-usa"); }
    @Bean
    Queue queueNews(){ return new Queue("queue-news"); }
    @Bean
    Queue queueWeather(){ return new Queue("queue-weather"); }
    @Bean
    Queue queueEurope(){ return new Queue("queue-europe"); }

    @Bean
    Binding usaBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueUsa()).to(topicExchange()).with("usa.#");
    }
    @Bean
    Binding newsBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueNews()).to(topicExchange()).with("#.news");
    }
    @Bean
    Binding weatherBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueWeather()).to(topicExchange()).with("#.weather");
    }
    @Bean
    Binding europeBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueEurope()).to(topicExchange()).with("europe.#");
    }
}

配置消费者

@Component
public class TopicReceiver {
    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue-usa")
    public void usa(String msg){
        System.out.println("queue-usa:" + msg);
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue-news")
    public void news(String msg){
        System.out.println("queue-news:" + msg);
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue-weather")
    public void weather(String msg){
        System.out.println("queue-weather:" + msg);
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue-europe")
    public void europe(String msg){
        System.out.println("queue-europe:" + msg);
    }
}

测试

注入RabbitTemplate来发送消息

@Autowired
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Test
void test2(){
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitTopicConfig.TOPICNAME,"usa.news","This is a news about usa");
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitTopicConfig.TOPICNAME,"usa.weather","This is a weather about usa");
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitTopicConfig.TOPICNAME,"europe.news","This is a news about europe");
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitTopicConfig.TOPICNAME,"europe.weather","This is a weather about europe");
}

启动项目，运行测试方法

四 使用样例4（Header Exchange）

配置Header Exchange

@Configuration
public class RabbitHeaderConfig {
    public static final String HEADERNAME = "yzh-header";
    @Bean
    public HeadersExchange headersExchange(){
        return new HeadersExchange(HEADERNAME,true,false);
    }
    @Bean
    Queue nameQueue(){ return new  Queue("name-queue"); }
    @Bean
    Queue ageQueue(){return new Queue("age-queue");}

    @Bean
    Binding bindingName(){
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name","yzh");
        return BindingBuilder.bind(nameQueue())
                .to(headersExchange())
                .whereAny(map)// 消息只要有一个Header匹配上map中的key/value，便路由到这个Queue上
                .match();
    }
    @Bean
    Binding bindingAge(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(ageQueue())
                .to(headersExchange())
                .where("age") //只要消息Header中包含age（无论值多少），便路由到这个Queue上
                .exists();
    }
}

配置消费者

@Component
public class HeaderReceiver {
    @RabbitListener(queues = "name-queue")
    public void name(byte[] msg){
        System.out.println("HeaderReceiver>>name:" + new String(msg,0,msg.length));
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = "age-queue")
    public void age(byte[] msg){
        System.out.println("HeaderReceiver>>age:" + new String(msg,0,msg.length));
    }
}

测试

@Test
void test3(){
    Message nameMsg = MessageBuilder
                      .withBody("Hello , queue-name".getBytes())
                      .setHeader("name","yzh").build();
    rabbitTemplate.send(RabbitHeaderConfig.HEADERNAME,null,nameMsg);

    Message ageMsg = MessageBuilder
                    .withBody("Hello , queue-age".getBytes())
                    .setHeader("age","18").build();
    rabbitTemplate.send(RabbitHeaderConfig.HEADERNAME,null,ageMsg);
}