Lesson 22 By heart熟记台词

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●run    v.（戏剧、电影等）

●lines    n.（剧本中的）台词

●part   n.剧中的角色，台词

●falter v.支吾，结巴说

●cast (cast, cast )  v. 选派……扮演角色

●role   n.角色

●aristocrat n.贵族

●imprison v.关押

●Bastille . 巴士底狱

●gaoler     n.监狱长，看守连演，连映

●colleague     n.同事

●curtain    n.（舞台中的）幕布

●reveal     v.使显露

●cell    n.单人监房，监号

●blank adj. 空白的

●squint     v.眯着（眼）看，瞄

●dim   adj.昏暗

●sire    n.（古用法）陛下

●proceed  v.继续进行

■run v. （戏剧、电影等）

The film is sosuccessful that it runs for several weeks.

■lines n. （剧本中的）台词

■part n. 剧中的角色，台词

■falter vi. 支吾，结巴说

stammer

He has practisedthe poem several times, so he has no cause to falter.

falter v. 蹒跚而行（=stgger）

He faltered home.

■cast (cast, cast ) v. 选派……扮演角色

●role n. 角色

The actor was castin the role of hero.

■aristocrat n. 贵族

■imprison v. 关押

put sb imprison: 关押

He was imprisonedfor 10 years.

imprisonment：n.

sentence sb to

life imprisonment：判某人终生监禁

监狱：prison, jail, gaol

把……送进监狱

send sb. to prison== put sb in prison == throw sb into prison

in prison 坐牢

the prison 监狱

He is in prison /jail.

He is behind boars.

■Bastille . 巴士底狱

■gaoler n. 监狱长，看守连演，连映

■colleague n. 同事

■curtain n. （舞台中的）幕布

■reveal v. 使显露

The secret hasn’tbeen reveald.

reveal:揭露，揭穿，把什么露出来

A curtain was upand revealed the beautiful scenery.

disclose:揭发

discclose thetruth

discover: 发现

uncover: 揭开具体的盖子

A very tight dress

reveals the beautiful figure. 紧身的裙子露出了漂亮的身段。

revealabel adj. 可展现的

revealer: 探测器

■cell n. 单人监房，监号

■blank adj. 空白的

■squint . 眯着（眼）看，瞄

squint one's eyes 眯上眼睛

Eg.: He squintedhis eyes and looked at the letter.

pear at : 眯着眼睛看

■dim adj. 昏暗

The room is toodim so I can;t read the letter.

gloomy:(天气，心情)抑郁的

The weather isgloomy today.

He is in gloomymood.

dusky:(天色)昏暗的

Towards evening isgetting dusky.

murly:（天色）漆黑的，黑暗的

I can’t go out atmurky night.

misty:多雾的，迷蒙的

L21-22_22-01  end  15’32”

L22-02  begin 16’07”

The building isout of sight on such a misty day.

■sire n. （古用法）陛下

■proceed v. 继续进行

proceed vi.particular after stopping

proceed to / with:进行继续某事

Let’s proceed tobusiness.

You must proceedwith your work.

proceed from 从什么着手开始继续

They proceed fromlesson 1.

procced from 起诉某人

Eg: He decided toproceed against his neighbour.

【Text】

§ Lesson 22 By heart 熟记台词

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

Which actor readthe letter in the end, the aristocrat or the gaoler?

[if !vml][endif]Some plays are so successful that they runfor years on end. In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who arerequired to go on repeating the same lines night after night. One would expectthem to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this isnot always the case.

A famous actor ina highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who hadbeen imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In the last act, a gaolerwould always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to theprisoner. Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at eachperformance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full.

One night, thegaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so manyperformances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. Thecurtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocratsitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then, the gaoler appeared withthe precious letter in his hands. He entered the cell and presented the letterto the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full asusual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly,anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines. The noblestared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then, squinting his eyes,he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me.' And he promptly handed thesheet of paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of theletter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire. I must getmy glasses.' With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat'samusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and theusual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.

参考译文

有些剧目十分成功，以致连续上演好几年。这样一来，可怜的演员们可倒霉了。因为他们需要一夜连着一夜地重复同样的台词。人们以为，这些演员一定会把台词背得烂熟，绝不会临场结巴的，但情况却并不总是这样。

有一位名演员曾在一出极为成功的剧目中扮演一个贵族角色，这个贵族已在巴士底狱被关押了20年。在最后一幕中，狱卒手持一封信上场，然后将信交给狱中那位贵族。尽管那个贵族每场戏都得念一遍那封信。但他还是坚持要求将信的全文写在信纸上。

一天晚上，狱卒决定与他的同事开一个玩笑，看看他反复演出这么多场之后，是否已将信的内容记熟了。大幕拉开，最后一幕戏开演，贵族独自一人坐在铁窗后阴暗的牢房里。这时狱卒上场，手里拿着那封珍贵的信。狱卒走进牢房，将信交给贵族。但这回狱卒给贵族的信没有像往常那样把全文写全，而是一张白纸。狱卒热切地观察着，急于想了解他的同事是否记熟了台词。贵族盯着纸看了几秒钟，然后，眼珠一转，说道：“光线太暗，请给我读一下这封信。”说完，他一下子把信递给狱卒。狱卒发现自己连一个字也记不住，于是便说：“陛下，这儿光线的确太暗了，我得去眼镜拿来。”他一边说着，一边匆匆下台。贵族感到非常好笑的是：一会儿工夫，狱卒重新登台，拿来一副眼镜以及平时使用的那封信，然后为那囚犯念了起来。

【课文讲解】

by heart 熟记台词

on end

1．== continuously: 连续的，位于具体的时间之后

Eg: He sat therefor hours on end.

    We had hardly anything to eat for days onend.

2． ==upright 竖着

Eg: The cat's furstood on end.

I got a big shock

so my hear stood on end.我吓了一大跳，以致于毛骨悚然。

who = actor, 关系代词做主语，不能省略

Eg.: The studentwho was required to recite the poem 100 times is really poor.

learn/ know by

heart: 把……牢记在心

Eg.: The sentenceis so important that you must learn it by heart.

heart and soul 全心全意的，全身心的

Eg: We serve thestudents heart and soul

take heart 鼓起勇气，恢复信心

lose heart 失去信心

lose heart to sb=

give heart to sb: 轻信于某人

Eg: The boy losthis heart to the girl

put one's heart

into sth: 致力于某事

Eg: Nothing is

difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人

have one's heart

in one's boots提心吊胆

Eg: He had hisheart in his boots when he went out alone at night.

even though = evenif = though / although

at each performance= at every performance

insist: 坚决要求，suggest:建议，order:命令，demand:要求，require:要求

表示建议/要求/希望，和that宾语从句搭配，that从句必须出现should

+ 动词原形的虚拟，should 可以省略。

infull==fully=completely

play a joke(cheek)

on sb: 开某人玩笑

on the final act== in the last act

with，独立主格结构

hand to == present

sth. to == pass to 把……递给某人

as usual

look on 旁观

anxious,形容词短语做伴随状况状语

stare at 一眨不眨地

squinting: ing形式，做方式状语，伴随状况状语

prmptly==immediately

with this 说完这话

hurry off

much, 用来加强语气

play a joke on 开玩笑; play a trick on 捉弄，单方面取乐

have a joke with

sb. 和某人开玩笑，强调两人共同取乐

Eg.: He laughs

best who laughs last. 笑到最后的才是笑得最好的。

L22-02 end 16’07”

L22-03  begin 11’11”

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  Which of the following proverbs suits thegist of the story best?

a. He laughs best,who laughs last.

b. Speech issilver, but silence is golden.

c. Look before youleap.

d. Don’t countyour chickens before they are hatched.

2  The play in which the two actors took part_____ .

a. had had ahighly successful run of twenty years

b. was about theplight of a nobleman

c. ended with theimprisonment of the aristocrat

d. had been performedso often that audiences were bored by it

end with 以......结束

3 Which statementis true?

When thearistocrat was presented with a blank sheet of paper, _____ .

a. he improvisedthe words which he had forgotten

b. the gaoler waseagerly waiting to take the aristocrat’s part

c. he pretendedthat the light was not good enough for him to read by

d. he asked thegaoler to fetch him some glasses

Structure

4  A gaoler would come on stage with aletter_____ to the prisoner. (ll.7-8)

a. to bedelivering    b. and delivered    c.to deliver    d. delivered

with a letter独立主格结构，只有动词不定式to 有要做某事

倘若应用for, 此句应改为witha letter for the prisoner.

5  He always insisted _____ in full. (l.9)

a. on its beingwritten out    b. on writing it out

c. to have itwritten out    d. that it would have tobe written out

insist that +should

insist on + 名词，动名词

d选项中would 改为should

6  --to find out if he _____ the contents of theletter by heart. (ll.10-11)

a. had known    b. was knowing    c. knew   d. know

7  But he gave _____ which had not been writtenout in full. (ll.13-14)

a. the copy tohim    b. a copy him    c. him a copy    d. him the copy

give him a copy

a表示任意的一份，the 表示特指

a选项中the copy to him 改为a copy to

him即可

8  _____ remember a word of the letter, so hereplied… (ll.17-18)

a. But neithercould the gaoler    b. Nor the gaolercould   

c. Also the gaolercould not    d. Either the gaoler couldnot

neither, nor用于句首，句子倒装

Vocabulary

9  The gaoler decided to _____ his colleague.(l.10)

a. have a jokewith    b. play the fool with     c. make fun of    d. play a trick on

play a joke on 开玩笑；play a trick on 捉弄，单方面取乐

have a joke with

sb. 和某人开玩笑，强调两人共同取乐

Eg.: I’ve just hada joke with my classmate.

10  He wanted to see if his fellow actor had_____ learnt his lines. (ll.10-11)

a. lastly    b. in the end    c. conclusively    d. finally

finally     最后(用于句中)

lastly      顺序上的最后

in the end  强调最终失败的结果（用于句首或句尾）

Eg.: He workedharder and harder, but in the end he failed.

conclusively 总结的

11  Then, _____ about him, he said,…(l.16)

a. searching    b. peering    c. blinking    d. staring

peer about 眯着眼睛看

Eg: When you entera cinema, you often have to peer about.

search:搜寻，寻找：search for sth.

blink 眨眼睛

stare: 盯着看：stare at

12  Agreeing that the light was dim, the gaoler_____ he would get his glasses. (l.18)

a.spoke    b. informed    c. said   d. rejoined

informed 表示正式的通知

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. A   2. C  3. C   4. C   5. A  6. C   7. C   8. A  9. D   10. D   11. B  12. C

L22  end（L22-03 7’02”）  [ Lesson 22 31:54 ]

（L22-03_23-01  4’06”）    [ Lesson 23 47:22 ]

§ Lesson 23 One man’s meat is another man’s

poison 各有所爱

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●poison n. 毒药

●illogical adj. 不合逻辑的，无章法的

●octopus n. 章鱼

●delicacy n. 美味，佳肴

●repulsive adj. 令人反感的，令人生厌的

●stomach n. 胃

●turn v. 感到恶心，翻胃

●fry v. 油炸

●fat n. （动物、植物）油

●abuse n. 辱骂，责骂

●snail n. 蜗牛

●luxury n. 奢侈品，珍品

●associate v. 联想到

●despise v. 鄙视

●appeal v. 引起兴致

●shower n. 阵雨

●stroll n. 溜达，散步

●impulse n. 冲动

●dozen n. 12个，一打

●fancy v.喜爱，喜欢

■poison n. 毒药

poison n.& vt.

He was poisoned bypesticide.

give poison to sb/

give poison to sth.使某人或某事中毒

hate each other

like poison 彼此互相恨透

name one’s poison

Name your

poison,please. 说出你要喝点什么酒啊。

What’s your

poison? 你要喝什么酒？

■illogical adj. 不合逻辑的，无章法的

■octopus n. 章鱼

■delicacy n. 美味，佳肴

Eg.: He consideredchicken to be a great delicacy.

delicate adj. 美味的，可口的，清淡的

delicious adj. 味道美的

■repulsive adj. 令人反感的，令人生厌的

disgusting adj.

The dish isrepulsive.

■stomach n. 胃

■turn v. 感到恶心，翻胃

■fry v. 油炸

fry v.: be cookedin hot oil

fried egg 煎鸡蛋

fried bread

fring pan 煎锅

L22-02_23-01  end  11’11”

L23-02  begin 11’44”

fry up 加热

Fry up the food,please.

fry in one's own fat自作自受

have other fish to

fry 另有要事要做

Eg: Hello,Lucy,let's go have dinner.

    That's good idea, but I have other fish tofry. Thank you very         much.

■fat n. （动物、植物）油

put on fat 长胖，发胖

fat adj. 胖的运用此adj.时常很不礼貌，因此用large, heavy, overweight 替代。

■abuse n. 辱骂，责骂

Don’t abuse yourauthority.

He greeted his

wife with a stream of abuse. 他骂妻子的声音不绝于耳。

■snail n. 蜗牛

■luxury n. 奢侈品，珍品

The diamond ringis a luxury to me.

luxurious adj. 奢侈的，奢华的

a luxurious hotel

■associate v. 联想到

associate v.connect in one’s mind

A with B 把……跟……联想到一起= connect with.

Eg: I can'tassociate you with your wife.

Can you associatesnails with delicious food.

associate with==connect with==link with == be bound up with

■despise v. 鄙视

despise vt. regardas worthless

Eg.: We despise

him for a coward. 我们把他看作一个懦夫。

look down upon 鄙视，瞧不起

Eg: Don't lookdown upon anyone.

■appeal v. 引起兴致

appeal to sb 引起某人兴趣

Eg: Eating snailsnever appeals to me.

appeal 上诉，呼吁

appeal for sth. 为某事而上诉

■shower n. 阵雨

■stroll n. 溜达，散步

stroll n. slow walkingfor pleasure in street or in garden.

go for a stroll;take a stroll; == go for a walk; take a walk

stroller 散步的人

stroll vi.

He is strollingalong the road.

ramble   海岸，林中的漫步

The couple areirambling in the forest.

roam     不安定的漂泊，徘徊

The tramp roamsevery day.

wander 流浪，徘徊

He has nothing todo, so he is wandering along the street.

■impulse n. 冲动

impulse : a suddenwish to do sth.

on impulse 冲动的

He rushed out tocatch up (with) the lady on impulse.

be driven by

impulse to do sth. 情不自禁的做某事

Why did you do it?

I should say I wasdriven by impulse to do it like this.

impulsive adj. 冲动的

impulsively adv. 冲动地

■dozen n. 12个，一打

dozen: agroup oftwelve

by the dozen 成打的

dozens of  许多的 

two dozen eggs，a dozen roses. (其用法和hundred,

thousand 一样)

a dozen of the

(these ) roses 这些玫瑰中的一打

数词 +dozen +物品：……打……（物品）

Speak nineteen to

the dozen 说个不停

Eg.: The old ladyis speaking nineteen to the dozen.

■fancy v.喜爱，喜欢

Eg.: I don’t fancyliving in the cold room.

fancy 想像，设想（=image） （表示一种惊讶的心情）（其后接动名词做宾语）

Fancy meeting you

here. 没想到在这儿见到你。

fancy oneself 自以为是，自命不凡

Do you fancyyourself?

【Text】

Lesson 23 One

man’s meat is another man’s poison 各有所爱

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

 what was it about snails that made the writercollect them for his friend on that day in particular?

[if !vml][endif]People become quite illogical when they tryto decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in theMediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy.Youwould not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the otherhand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animalfat----the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truthis that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick tothem all our lives.

No creature hasreceived more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine,snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countlesspeople who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails withfood. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As hisflat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has beenasking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea neverappealed to me very much, but one day, after a heavy shower, I happened to bewalking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll onsome of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen,put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to seeme and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the bag in the hall andRobert and I went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours. Ihad forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stayto dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the ideaand I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw thatthere were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had takencomplete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snailsince then.

参考译文

在决定什么能吃而什么不能吃的时候，人们往往变得不合情理。比如，如果你住在地中海地区，你会把章鱼视作是美味佳肴，同时不能理解为什么有人一见章鱼就恶心。另一方面，你一想到动物油炸土豆就会反胃，但这在北方许多国家却是一种普通的烹任方法。不无遗憾的是， 我们中的大部分人，生来就只吃某几种食品，而且一辈子都这样。

没有一种生物所受到的赞美和厌恶会超过花园里常见的蜗牛了。蜗牛加酒烧煮后，便成了世界上许多地方的一道珍奇的名菜。有不计其数的人们从小就知道蜗牛可做菜。但我的朋友罗伯特却住在一个厌恶蜗牛的国家中。他住在大城市里的一所公寓里，没有自己的花园。多年来，他一直让我把我园子里的蜗牛收集起来给他捎去。一开始，他的这一想法没有引起我多大兴趣。后来有一天，一场大雨后，我在花园里漫无目的散步，突然注意到许许多多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的花木上慢悠悠的蠕动着。我一时冲动，逮了几十只，装进一只纸袋里，带着去找罗伯特。罗伯特见到我很高兴，对我的薄礼也感到满意。我把纸袋放在门厅里，与罗伯特一起进了起居室，在那里聊了好几个钟头。我把蜗牛的事已忘得一干二净，罗伯特突然提出一定要我留下来吃晚饭，这才提醒了我。蜗牛当然是道主菜。我并不喜欢这个主意，所以我勉强跟着罗伯特走进了起居室。使我们惊愕的是门厅里到处爬满了蜗牛：它们从纸袋里逃了出来，爬得满厅都是！从那以后，我再也不能看一眼蜗牛了。

【课文讲解】

People becomequite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot beeaten.

人们在决定吃什么或者不吃什么的时候，往往变得不合情理。

当涉及到或谈及到叙述客观事实的时候

it comes to sth …………

it comes to doing

sth ……

用于when 引导的时间状语从句

L23-02  end  11’44”

L23-03  begin 11’19”

Eg.:He nevercomplains when it comes to helping his wife with the house work.

for instance ==for example

consider (tobe)...

on the other hand 转折连接词，表示而另一方面

at the idea of: at介词搭配作状语，表示当......就......；一......就......

at the idea of 一想到

at the sight of 一看到

at the mention of 一提到

at the news of 一听到......消息

at the touth of 一触摸到......东西

at the sound of 一听到......声音

at the thought of 一想到

Eg.: I was glad atthe thought of getting something te eat.

     I always love at the mention of ghoststory.

stick to + 名词==insist on doing sth == persist in doing sth

practice 表示习俗，做法

habit表示个人习惯

custom社会的风俗或习俗

Eg.: Early to bedand early to rise is good habit.

It is now quitecommon practice for married women not to take their husband’s second name.

The practice ofclosing shops on Sundays.

My practice tostudy English is to read everyday.

the custum ofgiving present at Christmas

Social customsvary greatly from country to country.

in many northerncountries.

The sad truth is thatmost of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and )

that引导表语从句，说明truth的内容

bring up抚养

Eg.: Joe is bornin England, but brought up in France.

    She was brought up to beliee that money isthe most (great) important thing in life.

他从小到大一直认为金钱是生活中最重要的东西。

被动语态形式，表自小长大，在成长的过程当中已经习惯于......

I’ve been broughtup to eat fish, just because my mother is fond of fish as well.

He has beenbrought up to eat fring potatoes just because his parents are fond of that.

He gave muchattention to bring up his children.

stick to = keepto; not give up

Eg.: We stick tothem all our lives.

I made my decision

and I am going to stick to it. (to介词)

stick to the idea

stick to the plan

insist on doing

sth. 坚持做某事

persist in doing

sth. 坚持做某事

L23-03  end 11’19”

L23-04  begin 11’44”

People becomequite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot beeaten.

No creature has receivedmore praise and abuse than the common garden snail.

比较级表达最高级的概念

Nobody is morebeautiflu than you.

He is more intelligentthan anyone else in my class.

The common gardensnail often receive more praise and abuse than other creatures.

cooked过去分词做定语，与snails构成被动关系。

countless: 无数的，数不尽的(=numerous)

who引导定语从句

associate sth.

with sth. 把某物与某物相联系

People there,don’t consider snails to be a great dilicacy.

no garden of his

own 没有自己的庭院

Robert is forn ofsnails very much.

The idea neverinterested me very much...

happened to do 恰巧，碰巧

I happened to beout when he called.

We both happenedto be travelling on the same plane.

happen / chance

It happened that Iwas out when he called.

It chanced that Iwas out when he called.

when

表示正在这时突然，通常使用过去进行时，过去完成时等搭配；位于句中

He was having abath when the telephine suddenly rang.

We had not ...like this when ... came in.

We were about tostart when it rained.

snails (that were) taking a stroll...

现在分词做定语，修饰snails

on a sudden

impulse 一时的，冲动的

Acting on a suddenimpulse, he went shopping to buy several dresses.

Robert wasdelighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. ==Robert was notonly delighted to see me, but also pleased with my little gift.

be delighted to do

be pleased to do

when特殊用法，表示就在这个时候

reluctantly:

unwillingly 不情愿的

to our dismay 使我们感到惊愕的是

Eg.: Before wecame back, all the snails had already escaped from the paper bag and had takencomplete possession of the hall.

take possession 占据，占有

The soldiers tookpossession of enemies’ fort.

The terrorists

took possession of the embassy.恐怖分子占领了大使馆。

The writer doesn’tfancy snails.

The writer doesn’tconsider snails to be a great delicacy.

L23-04  end 11’44”

L23-05  begin 

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  In a country where snails are eaten, youwould expect _____ .

a. to find a greatmany snails in people’s gardens

b. to fink that peoplecooked them in wine

c. snails to be sopopular that they are a luxury only the rich can afford

d. people to beamazed by anyone who refused to eat them

2  The idea of collecting snails never appealedto the writer very much until _____ .

a. the sight ofthe snails made him think of Robert

b. a heavy showerof rain led him to look for them in his garden

c. a suddenimpulse made him decide to visit the country where Robert lived

d. he felt obligedto remove them from his prize plants

3  When the writer arrived at Robert’s flat_____ .

a. Robert welcomedhim warmly because of the snails he had brought

b. Robertimmediately invited him to dinner in order to eat the snails

c. he forgot aboutgiving Robert the snails until two hours later

d. he gave Robertthe snails, little thinking Robert would propose a dinner with snails as themain dish

Structure

4  People are quite illogical when _____deciding what… (ll.1-2)

a. it comesto    b. they come to  c. they come    d. coming to

it comes to 经常用于when所引导的时间状语从句中，“当涉及到，当提及到”

5  Most of us have been brought up to eatcertain kinds _____ .(l.7)

a. food    b. of food    c. of the foods    d. foods

kinds 和介词of搭配

foods:各种各样的食物

certain kinds offood== certain foods

6  No creature _____ abused more often than…(l.9)

a. is beingpraised and    b. is praised nor    c. has been praised or    d. has been praised and

and和or

在肯定句中，and表示并列关系

She smokes anddrinks.

在否定句中，有两个对等的谓语、宾语、状语或者从句时，习惯用or, 把两个成分都否定掉。

She doesn’t smokeor drink.

She couldn’tremember who she was or where she lived.

如果否定句中出现了and, 语义表示转折，相当于bot.

The room is notbig and comfertable.

7  Having left the bag in the hall, _____ intothe living room. (ll.16-17)

a. I accompaniedRobert    b. Robert took me    c. we went    d. I and Robert went

left的逻辑主语是主句的主语

8  We saw the snails _____ from the paper bag… (ll.19-20)

a. escaping    b. escape   c. had escaped    d. to escape

we saw (that) thesnails ...

Vocabulary

9  On the other hand, you would _____ at theidea… (ll.5-6)

a. be sick    b. sick   c. sicken    d. feel sick

sicken: 感到作哎，难受 （==feel sick ）(但非常不常用)

Eg.:He began tofeel sick as soon as the ship started to move.

be动词只是强调延续的状态，而不是一种突然间的一种感觉

10  Snails would, of course, be the main _____ .(ll.18-19)

a. meal    b. food   c. plate    d. course

be the maindish==be the main course

11 ---- I wentinto the living room where we talked for _____ .(1.17)

a. round theclock    b. two hours or so    c. a second hour    d. some hours

原文：a couple of hours: 一两个小时的时间

12  There are _____ people, who… (ll.10-11)

a. numerable    b. numerous    c. numerical    d. numbered

原文：countless:无数的，数不尽的（==numerous）

numerable: (=able

to be counted)可数的，能够数出来的

numerical: 数字的，数量的，使用数字的（多用作前置形容词）

in numerical order

numerical ability

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. D   2. A  3. D   4. A   5. B  6. C   7. A   8. C  9. D   10. D   11. B  12. B

L23  end (L23-05 8’32”)    [ Lesson 23 47:22 ] Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard “家丑”

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●skeleton  n.骷髅

●seemingly    adv.表面上地

●respectable   adj. 体面的，雅观的

●conceal   v.隐藏，隐瞒

●vivid adj.生动的

●dramatic adj.令人激动的，扣人心弦的

●ruin   v.毁坏

●heroine   n.女主人公

●fiction    n.小说

●varying   adj.不同的

●medicine n.医学

●guestroom   n.（家庭中的）来客住房

●unpack   vt.（从箱中）取出

●stack adj.（整齐地）堆放，排放

●underclothes      n. 内衣

●drawer    n.抽屉

●petrify    v.使惊呆

●dangle    v.悬挂

●sway v.摇摆

●unsympathetic   adj. 不表同情的，无动于衷的

●medical  adj.医学的

L23-05_24-01  end  10’14”

L24-02  begin 10’30”

■skeleton n. 骷髅

a skeleton in the

cupboard==a skeleton in the closet == a family skeleton 家丑

It’s time to bringa family skeleton out of the cupboard

skeleton key 万能钥匙

a walking skeleton骨瘦如柴的人

reduced to too a

skeleton 瘦的皮包骨

He has nothing toeat for a couple of days so he has been reduced to too a skeleton.

■seemingly adv. 表面上地

■respectable adj. 体面的，雅观的

respectable  decent, graceful, deserving respect:体面的，雅观的，可敬的

Eg.: He is a mostrespectable man.

The tie is for arespectale man only.

respectable: 可敬的

respectful : 充满敬意的，尊敬人的

A respectableperson is respectful to others.

respective 各自的

Eg.:Our studentsreturn to their respective classroom.

■conceal v. 隐藏，隐瞒

conceal : hide, 比hide更加正式，语气强烈

conceal sth. fromsb.

Eg.: He concealedhis disappoint from his friends.

He concealed hisbets from his wife.

When the mothercoming, the little girl hid behind the curtain.

hide, hid, hidden

■vivid adj. 生动的

vivid 生动的，栩栩如生的,鲜艳的，活泼的

Eg.: There is avivid proverb.

vivid blue 碧蓝色

he is vivid with

life. 他是生气勃勃。

Yours discriptionis really vivid.

more vivid, themost vivid

■dramatic adj. 令人激动的，扣人心弦的

dramatic 比exciting更加强烈

The dramaticthings is still vivid in his mind.

■ruin v. 毁坏

■heroine n. 女主人公

■fiction n. 小说

fiction 和novel

fiction (集合名词)不可数  (poetry)

novel 某一部具体的小说(poem)

I prefer readingfiction to hearing about real invent.

■varying adj. 不同的

=various

different 与......不一样

My idea differentsfrom yours.

■medicine n. 医学

■guestroom n. （家庭中的）来客住房

■unpack vt. （从箱中）取出

■stack adj. （整齐地）堆放，排放

stack up the books

The housewife isstacking up the clothing.

■underclothes n. 内衣

underclothing,underwear

■drawer n. 抽屉

■petrify v. 使惊呆

= shock, dumbfound

Heard the news Iwas petrified.

■dangle v. 悬挂

■sway v. 摇摆

■unsympathetic adj. 不表同情的，无动于衷的

sympathetic 同情的

sympathy n. in

sympathy 同情地 （= sympathetically ）

■medical adj. 医学的

L24-02  end 10’30”

L24-03  begin 10’28”

【Text】

§Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard “家丑”

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

 Who was Sebastian?

[if !vml][endif]We often read in novels how a seeminglyrespectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealedfrom strangers for years. The English language possesses a vivid saying todescribe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called 'a skeleton inthe cupboard '. At some dramatic moment in the story the terrible secretbecomes known and a reputation is ruined. The reader's hair stands on end whenhe reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady whohad always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one ofher five husbands.

It is all verywell for such things to occur in fiction. To varying degrees, we all havesecrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of ushave skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I know who has a skeleton inthe cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very proud of the fact. Georgestudied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he becamea successful writer of detective stories. I once spent an uncomfortable weekendwhich I shall never forget at his house. George showed me to the guestroomwhich, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then comedown to dinner. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two emptydrawers, I decided to hang one of the two suits I had brought with me in thecupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. Askeleton was dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door made itsway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out atme. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was worse than'a terrible secret'; this was a real skeleton ! But George was unsympathetic.'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend.'That's Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.'

参考译文

在小说中，我们经常读到一个表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，却有着某种多年不为人所知的骇人听闻的秘密。英语中有一个生动的说法来形容这种情况。惊人的秘密称作“柜中骷髅”。在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。当读者到小说最后几页了解到书中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好的可爱的老妇人年轻时一连毒死了她的5个丈夫时，不禁会毛骨悚然。

这种事发生在小说中是无可非议的。尽管我们人人都有各种大小秘密。连最亲密的朋友都不愿让他们知道， 但我们当中极少有人有柜中骷髅。我所认识的唯一的在柜中藏骷嵝的人便是乔治.卡尔顿，他甚至引以为自豪。乔治年轻时学过医，然而，他后来没当上医生，却成了一位成功的侦探小说作家。有一次，我在他家里度周末，过得很不愉快。这事我永远不会忘记。乔治把我领进客房，说这间很少使用。他让我打开行装后下楼吃饭。我将衬衫、内衣放进两个空抽屉里，然后我想把随身带来的两套西服中的一套挂到大衣柜里去。我打开柜门，站在柜门前一下惊呆了。一具骷髅悬挂在眼前，由于柜门突然打开，它也随之轻微摇晃起来，让我觉得它好像马上要跳出柜门朝我扑过来似的。我扔下西服冲下楼去告诉乔治。这是比“骇人听闻的秘密”更加惊人的东西，这是一具真正的骷髅啊！但乔治却无动于衷。“噢，是它呀！他笑着说道，俨然在谈论一位老朋友。“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是学医的了。”

【课文讲解】

how引导宾语从句

has some terriblesecret

which 引导的定语从句，修饰说明secret

seemingly: 9=from

appearence )从表面上看来，

a seemingly respectable

person:表面上受尊重的人

possess:(= havegot, own )

不定式to作定语，修饰说明vivid

saying, 来描述这种场景。

some—表示“某一个”，修饰单数可数名词

ruin      泛指概念，表示毁坏的过程不是一下完成的 （spoil ）

The rain ruined /spoiled our holiday.

destroy:  把凭借某种外力来破坏和摧毁事物，完全摧毁

The earthquakedestroyed almost entired city.

damage:   侧重强调把…弄坏，但是可以修复

one's hair stands

on end :某人感到毛骨悚然的

I thought I wasalone in my room until I heard the mysterious noice again, and my hair standson end.

make/set one's

hair stand on end: 使某人感到毛骨悚然的

in her youth:在她年轻时

everyone

every one of与介词of 连用时要分开

it is all very

well but 不赞成不满意的反语，“好倒是好，但是……”

Eg: It is all verywell for them to ask me to do it, but I am too busy.

    It is all very well for you to suggenttaking a few days rest, but how can finish our work in time.

occur:       某个事件出乎意料的发生（正式）

happen:     某个事件出乎意料发生

take place:  事件根据安排“举行”

Eg.: When did theaccident happen / occur?

It occured to methat / to do.

It occured to meto open the window.

When will thewedding take place?

L24-03  end 10’28”

L24-04  begin 10’12”

To varying

degrees: 从不同角度来讲

which引导定语从句修饰secret

learn: 了解某个事实，学习某种知识、技能

know    知道某个事实，具有某方面的知识、技能，认识、了解某个人（状态动词，不能用于进行时态）

I learned that Ihad passed the test.

She knows aboutcomputers.

She is learningabout computers.

instead of +

doing----表示相反、没有、取而代之的是......

stood in front of

sth. petrified: 站在…前，目瞪口呆

frightened: 在某个特定的场合下，受到惊吓

terrified:表示惊吓的程度，更加强烈，感到恐怖

afraid (of ): 表示一种状态，永久性的恐惧

it gave me the

impression that:给某人以印象

make a lasting

impression on sb: 给某人以不可磨灭的印象

have a falseimpression of sb:  对某人有错误的看法

give sb impression

that: 给某人印象

impress sb withsth    用…给某人留下印象

be about to do

sth.: 即将，就要。暗示动作即将发生（多与when连用）

I was about to goto bed when there was a knock at the door.

leap out at sb. 跳出来扑向某人

drop----是我所发出的主动动作，所以用-ing形式

as if 引导虚拟语气

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  In what respect does fact differ from fictionconcerning the secrets that people keep to themselves?

a. They are rarelyso terrible as to ruin out reputations if revealed.

b. People’sclosest friends do not even suspect them of having them.

c. People who have‘skeletons in the cupboard’ are rarely found out.

d. People who haveskeletons in their cupboards are very proud of the fact.

in what respect : 在什么方面

2  Before opening the cupboard door, the writerhad _____ .

a. unpacked andgone down for dinner    b. changed intosome new clothes

c. put his shirtsand his underwear in a couple of drawers

d. hung one of thetwo suits he had brought with him

3  What was the most frightening thing about thewriter’s experience?

a. The sight of askeleton hanging in the cupboard.

b. The suddenmovement of the door when he opened the cupboard.

c. To discoverthat it was the skeleton of an okd friend of George’s.

d. To have found areal skeleton rather than finding out a terrible secret.

Structure

4  We often read in novels of a seeminglyrespectable person or family _____ some terrible secret ...(ll.1-2)

a. having    b. has   c. whom has    d. that they have

如果运用定语从句，that they have, they是多余的

现在分词做定语

c选项关系词运用不正确

5  The only person I have ever known _____ askeleton in the cupboard... (ll.11-12)

a. he had    b. of having    c. that he has    d. to have

运用不定式，修饰名词，----定语从句

the first person,the only person, the last person...

I 前省略了关系词that

6  ----George Carlton, and it is _____ he isvery proud of. (l.12)

a. the fact   b. something    c. that which    d. what

something:有意义，有价值的事

It’s something tohave a job in televier.

what = all全部

7  No sooner had I opened the cupboard door_____ I stood ...(ll.17-18)

a. and    b. then   c. than    d. that

8  ‘_____ that I was a medical student once upona time?’ (l.22)

a. Why don’t youremember    b. Have you forgotten    c. Do you forget    d. have you not remembered

现在完成时

Vocabulary

9  The English language _____ a vivid saying to... (ll.3-4)

a. owes    b. contains    c. holds   d. has

has == own

owe 欠钱

I owed him twodollars yesterday.

10  ----the guestroom, which, he said, was _____used. (l.15)

a. little    b. a little    c. uncommonly    d. preciously

little:否定色彩的副词

a little: 肯定语义

uncommonly:不正常地，不普通地

preciously:珍贵地

11  He told me to unpack my _____ and then...(ll.15-16)

a. items    b. objects    c. trunks   d. belongings

belongings==possessions

trunk:皮箱，汽车尾箱

object:巨大的物体

item:物品

12  ----gave me the impression that it _____leaping out at me. (l.19)

a. was on thepoint of    b. was concerned with    c. was thinking of    d. was almost

“...it was about

to leap out at me...” “即将，即刻做某事”

Eg.: The plane isabout to set off.

The plane is on thepoint of setting out.

be concerned with:关心

think of:考虑，想到

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. A   2. C  3. A   4. A   5. D  6. B   7. C   8. B  9. D   10. A   11. D  12. A

L24  end  （L24-05  7’04”）  [ Lesson24  39:49 ]

（L24-05_25-01  3’06”）  [ Lesson 25 45:43 ]

[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]

[endif]

(L23-05_24-01  1’39”)   [ Lesson 24  39:49 ]