首先要创建一个带有属性的字符串NSMutableAttributedString
NSMutableAttributedString *attrString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个富文本字符串"];
/* 其他几种创建方法
- (instancetype)initWithString:(NSString *)str;
- (instancetype)initWithString:(NSString *)str attributes:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)attrs;
- (instancetype)initWithAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrStr;
*/
如何设置这个字符串的属性(以下两个方法:)
- (void)addAttribute:(NSString *)name value:(id)value range:(NSRange)range; // 每次设置一个属性和它对应的值
- (void)addAttributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)attrs range:(NSRange)range; // 一次可以设置多个属性 属性和属性值以字典键值对形式进行设置
// range参数是设置要设置属性的字符串范围
常用的属性都有哪些
- 字体
[attrStr addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName
value:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:30.0f]
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 颜色
[attrStr addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSBackgroundColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 空心字
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrokeColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)]; // 设置描边颜色 要和NSStrokeWidthAttributeName设置描边宽度一起使用
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrokeWidthAttributeName
value:@1.5
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 间距
[attrStr addAttribute:NSKernAttributeName
value:@10 // NSNumber
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 倾斜
[attrStr addAttribute:NSObliquenessAttributeName
value:@(0.5f) // 正值向右倾斜 负值向左倾斜
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 拉伸、压缩
[attrStr addAttribute:NSExpansionAttributeName
value:@(0.5f) // 正值横向拉伸 负值横向压缩
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 连体
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"'flush' is a string!"];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSLigatureAttributeName
value:@1
range:NSMakeRange(1, 5)];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName
value:[UIFont fontWithName:@"futura" size:30]
range:NSMakeRange(1, 5)];
- 基线偏移量
[attrStr addAttribute:NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName
value:@(10) // 正值上偏 负值下偏
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 阴影
NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc] init]; // NSShadow只有3个属性:阴影颜色,模糊半径和偏移
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(3, 3); // 阴影偏移(X方向偏移和Y方向偏移)
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1.5; // 模糊半径
shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor redColor]; // 阴影颜色
[attrStr addAttribute:NSShadowAttributeName
value:shadow
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 特殊效果
[attrStr addAttribute:NSTextEffectAttributeName
value:NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle // NSString类型 目前只有NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle(凸版印刷效果)可用
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 书写方向
[attrStr addAttribute:NSWritingDirectionAttributeName
value:@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
range:NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length)];
//NSWritingDirectionAttributeName 设置文字书写方向,取值为以下组合
// iOS9.0以前
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSTextWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSTextWritingDirectionOverride)]
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSTextWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSTextWritingDirectionOverride)]
// iOS9.0以后
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
// NSWritingDirectionOverride 和 NSWritingDirectionEmbedding 是指定Unicode双向定义的格式控制算法(具体的没太搞清楚)
- 横、竖排版
[attrStr addAttribute:NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName
value:@0 // 0横向排版 1竖向排版 iOS中除了0以外都未定义,所以都为横向排版
range:NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length)];
- 下划线
[attrStr addAttribute:NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName
value:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle)
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSUnderlineColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, NSUnderlineStyle) {
NSUnderlineStyleNone = 0x00,
NSUnderlineStyleSingle = 0x01,
NSUnderlineStyleThick NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x02,
NSUnderlineStyleDouble NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x09,
NSUnderlinePatternSolid NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0000,
NSUnderlinePatternDot NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0100,
NSUnderlinePatternDash NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0200,
NSUnderlinePatternDashDot NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0300,
NSUnderlinePatternDashDotDot NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0400,
NSUnderlineByWord NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x8000
} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0);
- 删除线
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName
value:@(NSUnderlinePatternSolid | NSUnderlineStyleSingle)
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
- 网址
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个网址http://www.jianshu.com/users/37f2920f6848字符串!"];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSLinkAttributeName
value:@"http://www.jianshu.com/users/37f2920f6848"
range:NSMakeRange(6, attrStr.length -6 -4)];
// label显示出来的连接是点击不了的 textView的是可以的 有响应的回调函数shouldInteractWithURL
- 图文混排
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个富文本字符串!"];
// 创建一个文字附件对象
NSTextAttachment *textAttachment = [[NSTextAttachment alloc] init];
textAttachment.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"11.png"]; //设置图片源
textAttachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, -6, 30, 30); //设置图片位置和大小
// 将文字附件转换成属性字符串
NSAttributedString *attachmentAttrStr = [NSAttributedString attributedStringWithAttachment:textAttachment];
// 将转换成属性字符串插入到目标字符串
[attrStr insertAttributedString:attachmentAttrStr atIndex:8];
- 段落
NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraphStyle = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc] init];
// 行间距
paragraphStyle.lineSpacing = 15.f;
// 段落间距
paragraphStyle.paragraphSpacing = 30.f;
// 段落缩进像素
paragraphStyle.firstLineHeadIndent = 40.f;
// 整体缩进像素
paragraphStyle.headIndent = 15.f;
// 对齐方式
paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
// 其他属性请自行查阅NSMutableParagraphStyle头文件
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个富文本字符串。\n这是一个富文本字符串?\n这是一个富文本字符串!"];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSParagraphStyleAttributeName
value:paragraphStyle
range:NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length)];
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