Jan 1, 2019

美国总统特朗普首次在椭圆形办公室发布黄金时间电视讲话。他号召国会通过预算案，为建设边境墙拨款，结束美国联邦政府的部分关门。 下面是"铁墙演说"完整版。

      My fellow Americans, tonight I am speaking to you because there is a growing humanitarian and security crisis at our southern border.

fellow     /ˈfelō/           '

n.    

a man or boy .  '  家伙；朋友；同事；会员        
he was an extremely obliging fellow

'a person in the same position, involved in the same activity, 
or otherwise associated with another.'    
he was learning with a rapidity unique among his fellows

      '
adj.  '   sharing a particular activity, quality, or condition with someone or something.
they urged the troops not to fire on their fellow citizens


词组短语
'research fellow'       研究人员，研究员
'young fellow'  小伙子
'senior fellow'  高级研究员

例句:
He stood out in terms of competence from all his fellows.
他在能力方面比他所有同事都突出。

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obliging    /əˈblījiNG/                 '

adj.     willing to do a service or kindness; helpful.  '   
乐于助人的；有礼貌的；体贴的；亲切的 
The very happy and obliging young service ladies were resplendent in snappy white shorts and tops. '

v. make (someone) legally or morally bound to an action or course of action. '
迫使；约束（oblige的现在分词）
doctors are obliged by law to keep patients alive while there is a chance of recovery


例句:

He is an extremely pleasant and obliging man.
他这人非常和蔼可亲，且乐于助人。

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rapidity     /rəˈpidətē/            '

n.  the quality of moving or reacting with great speed. '  迅速，急速；速度；险峻
the fish sink into the sand with such rapidity that it must be seen to be believed

短语   
'rapidity distribution'   快度分布

例句
Yes, that seems to express the rapidity of life
对了，这些比拟可以表达生活的飞快速度

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      Everyday customs and border patrol agents encounter thousands of illegal immigrants trying to enter our country. We are out of space to hold them and we have no way to promptly return them back home to their country. America proudly welcomes millions of lawful immigrants who enrich our society and contribute to our nation. But all Americans are hurt by uncontrolled illegal migration. It strains public resources and drives down jobs and wages. Among those hardest hit are African-Americans and Hispanic Americans. Our southern border is a pipeline for vast quantities of illegal drugs, including meth, heroin, cocaine, and fentanyl. Every week 300 of our citizens are killed by heroin alone, 90 percent of which floods across from our southern border. More American will die this year than were killed in the entire Vietnam War.

custom   /ˈkəstəm/        ' 

adj. 

made or done to order for a particular customer.'    定做的，定制的
a custom guitar   一个定制的吉他     '



n. 

a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something 
that is specific to a particular society, place, or time  '
the old English custom of dancing around the maypole   '


regular dealings with a shop or business by customers '  惠顾、 顾客

if you keep me waiting, I will take my custom elsewhere
如果你再让我等的话，我将到别的地方买东西。

they have lost a lot of custom
他们失掉了很多顾客

It was his custom to approach every problem cautiously.
谨慎地处理每个问题是他的习惯。

短语
'folk custom'   n. 民间习俗
'custom duty' 关税
'custom made' 定做的，非现成的；定制品
'local custom' 当地习俗

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patrol   /pəˈtrōl/         '

n. 
a person or group of people sent to keep watch over an area, 
especially a detachment of guards or police.  '   巡逻
a police patrol stopped the man and searched him


v.        '
keep watch over (an area) by regularly walking or traveling around or through it. ' 巡逻；巡查
the garrison had to patrol the streets to maintain order.   


短语
'Cyber Patrol'  网际巡警 ; 网络巡警 ; 网络巡查
'highway patrol' 马路杀手 ; 公路巡逻 ; 公路巡警
'patrol guard' 巡逻护卫员 ; 巡 ; 巡逻

例句

Prison officers continued to patrol the grounds within the jail.
狱警们继续在监狱内的场地里巡逻。

He failed to return from a patrol.
他没能从一次巡逻中回来。

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agent  /ˈājənt/    '

n.

a person who acts on behalf of another, in particular.  '   代理人，代理商
In addition you stated that the immigration officer did ask you questions 
but you were given instructions by the agent and the agent replied on your behalf. '

a person or thing that takes an active role or produces a specified effect. '   媒介
agents of change 

特工   '

adj.  代理的  '

例句
You are buying direct, rather than through an agent.
你在直接购买，而不是通过代理商购买。

My literary agent thinks it is not unreasonable to expect $500,000 in total.
我的文学经纪人认为预期总共50万美元并非不合情理。

All these years he has been an agent for the East.
这些年来他一直为东方国家做间谍。


...the bleaching agent in white flour.
…白面粉中的漂白剂。

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immigrant   /ˈimigrənt/     '

n.

a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country. '
Another theme running through the huge demo was solidarity with refugees and immigrants.  '

adj. 移民的；迁入的'


短语
'illegal immigrant' 非法移民；非法入境者
'immigrant visa' 移民签证


例句
Several immigrant workers drew parallels with their experiences in other countries.

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strain    /strān/  '

n. 
a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree '  张力 拉紧
the usual type of chair puts an enormous strain on the spine

'a severe or excessive demand on the strength, resources, 
or abilities of someone or something.' 压力
the accusations put a strain on relations between the two countries

'the sound of a piece of music as it is played or performed.'
through the open windows came the strains of a hurdy-gurdy playing in the street

'a breed, stock, or variety of an animal or plant developed by breeding.'
Australia has been trying to breed better strains of plants and animals for ever

'a particular tendency as part of a person's character'
there was a powerful strain of insanity on her mother's side of the family '


adj.'
'force (a part of one's body or oneself) to make a strenuous or unusually great effort.' 竭力
I stopped and listened, straining my ears for any sound

'pour (a mainly liquid substance) through a porous or perforated device or material
 in order to separate out any solid matter.'
strain the custard into a bowl          '

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vicious    /'vɪʃəs/   adj. 恶毒的；恶意的；堕落的；有错误的；品性不端的；剧烈的'
                      'n. (Vicious)人名；(英)维舍斯'
[ 比较级 more vicious 最高级 most vicious ]

adj.                                 ' 

deliberately cruel or violent.                 '
a vicious assault
                                      '
immoral                         '
every soul on earth, virtuous or vicious, shall perish
                                     '
(of language or a line of reasoning) imperfect; defective.            '


短语

vicious crime     恶性犯罪
vicious cycle     恶性循环


例句

adj.'   A vicious person or a vicious blow is violent and cruel. '    凶残的
         He was a cruel and vicious man.
         他是一个残忍而凶恶的人

              He suffered a vicious attack by a gang of white youths.
              他遭到了一帮白人青年凶残的攻击。

adv.  '  viciously '    凶残地
         She had been viciously attacked with a hammer.
         她曾被人用锤子凶残地袭击过。

adj.   'A vicious remark is cruel and intended to upset someone. ' 恶毒的
         It is a deliberate, nasty and vicious attack on a young man's character. '
         这是对一位青年的人格蓄意的、下流的和恶毒的攻击。


adv.  'viciously  '   恶毒地
         He deserved to die, said Penelope viciously.
         他该死， 佩内洛普恶毒地说道。
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gang  /gæŋ/ 
'n. 群；一伙；一组 
 vt. 使成群结队；结伙伤害或恐吓某人
 vi. 成群结队
 n. (Gang)人名；(法)冈；(罗)甘格；(英)甘 '

n.    '
an organized group of criminals.'
Former military figures have been implicated in drug trafficking 
and kidnappings by organized criminal gangs .  

'a set of switches, sockets, or other electrical or mechanical devices grouped together.'
I've currently got a three gang switch which I'm taking one light off 
of and moving to a separate switch.

v.  ' (of a number of people) form a group or gang.'
the smaller supermarket chains are ganging together to beat the big boys

例句

N-COUNT
'A gang is a group of people, especially young people, 
who go around together and often deliberately cause trouble.
 '(尤指滋事的青少年的) 团伙

During the fight with a rival gang he lashed out with his flick knife.
和对立帮派群殴时，他用弹簧刀猛烈攻击。

Gang members were behind a lot of the violence.
流氓团伙暗中策划了许多暴力行为



N-COUNT 
'A gang is a group of criminals who work together to commit crimes. '
 犯罪团伙

Police were hunting for a gang that had allegedly stolen fifty-five cars.
警察正在追捕一个涉嫌偷窃55辆汽车的犯罪团伙

...an underworld gang.
…一个地下犯罪团伙

N-COUNT 
'A gang is a group of workers who do physical work together. '
(一) 队 (一起干体力活的工人)

...a gang of labourers.
…一群劳工
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      In the last two years, ICE officers made 266,000 arrests of aliens with criminal records including those charged or convicted of 100,000 assaults, 30,000 sex crimes and 4,000 violet killings. Over the years thousands of Americans have been brutally killed by those who illegally entered our country, and thousands of more lives will be lost if we don't act right now. There is a humanitarian crisis, a crisis of the heart and a crisis of the soul. Last month 20,000 migrant children were illegally brought into the United States, a dramatic increase. These children are used as human pawns by vicious coyotes and ruthless gangs. One in three women are sexually assaulted on the dangerous trek up through Mexico. Women and children are the biggest victims by far of our broken system. This is the tragic reality of illegal immigration on our southern border. This is the cycle of human suffering that I am determined to end.

convict         /kən'vɪkt/       vt. 证明…有罪；宣告…有罪 .   n. 罪犯 '

'n.  count
a person found guilty of a criminal offense and serving a sentence of imprisonment.'
In this open prison convicts live with their families, go out to work and pay taxes 
for water and electricity

'v. 
declare (someone) to be guilty of a criminal offense by the verdict of a jury 
or the decision of a judge in a court of law.'
her former boyfriend was convicted of assaulting her


例句:

'In 1977 he was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment.'
在1977年，他因谋杀被判处终生监禁。

' There was insufficient evidence to convict him. '
没有足够的证据证明他有罪。

'  ...Neil Jordan's tale of two escaped convicts who get mistaken for priests. ''
…尼尔·乔丹的两个越狱囚犯被误认为是牧师的故事。

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 crime   /kraɪm/    n. 罪行，犯罪；罪恶；犯罪活动      vt. 控告……违反纪律

'n. 
 an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be prosecuted 
 by the state and is punishable by law. '
shoplifting was a serious crime


词组短语

' crime rate '    犯罪率
' organized crime ' 集团犯罪
' violent crime'  暴力犯罪
' commit a crime ' 犯罪；犯下罪行
' crime of corruption'  贪污罪   腐败罪
' capital crime '  死刑罪

例句

It also identifies the number of days of illegal activity by type of crime .

Judge Malherbe ruled that the action of the two soldiers did not constitute a crime .

They cannot be expected to be present while every act of crime or vandalism is being perpetrated.

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dramatic    /drə'mætɪk/    ' adj. 戏剧的；急剧的；引人注目的；激动人心的

adj. 
' of or relating to drama or the performance or study of drama. '
a dramatic entrance in a swirling cape"; " a dramatic rescue at sea

' (of an event or circumstance) sudden and striking.'
a dramatic increase in recorded crime


例句

adj. A dramatic change or event happens suddenly and is very noticeable and surprising. 
   突然引人注目的
' A fifth year of drought is expected to have dramatic effects on the California economy. '
预计连续干旱的第五个年头将对加利福尼亚州的经济产生引人注目的影响。


adv.   dramatically 突然引人注目地
' At speeds above 50 mph, serious injuries dramatically increase.'
时速超过50英里时，重伤机率急剧上升。

adj.  A dramatic action, event, or situation is exciting and impressive. 紧张刺激的; 扣人心弦的
'He witnessed many dramatic escapes as people jumped from as high as the fourth floor.'
当人们从4层楼那么高的地方跳下来的时侯，他目睹了许多惊心动魄的逃生情景。
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striking     /'straɪkɪŋ/   ' adj. 显著的，突出的，惊人的；打击的；罢工的
v. 打（strike的ing形式）

'attracting attention by reason of being unusual, extreme, or prominent.'
the murder bore a striking similarity to an earlier shooting

'the action of striking.'
substantial damage was caused by the striking of a submerged object

v.  hit forcibly and deliberately with one's hand or a weapon or other implement.  '
he raised his hand, as if to strike me

adj.  'Something that is striking is very noticeable or unusual. 显著的; 不同寻常的 '
        The most striking feature of those statistics is the high proportion of suicides.
        那些统计数据最显著的特征是高自杀率。

        He bears a striking resemblance to Lenin.
        他与列宁有着不同寻常的相似之处。

adj. 'Someone who is striking is very attractive, in a noticeable way. 俊秀的'
        She was a striking woman with long blonde hair.
        她曾是一个留着金色长发的俊秀女子。
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pawn  /pɔːn/      ' n. 典当；抵押物；兵，卒；人质     vt. 当掉；以……担保 '

n. 
'an object left as security for money lent.'

v. 
'deposit (an object) with a pawnbroker as security for money lent.'
I pawned the necklace to cover the loan


v-t 
'If you pawn something that you own, you leave it with a pawnbroker, 
who gives you money for it and who can sell it 
if you do not pay back the money before a certain time.' 典当

He is contemplating pawning his watch.
他在考虑把手表当了


n. 
'an article deposited as security'  抵押物

n-count 
'In chess, a pawn is the smallest and least valuable playing piece. 
Each player has eight pawns at the start of the game. ' (国际象棋中的) 卒; 兵


n-count
'If you say that someone is using you as a pawn, you mean that 
they are using you for their own advantage. '马前卒
It looks as though he is being used as a political pawn by the president.
看来似乎他在被总统用作政治卒子
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coyote      /kaɪ'əʊtɪ/    n. 一种产于北美大草原的小狼；
引外国人从墨西哥偷渡进入美国的不法分子'

n. 
'a person who smuggles Latin Americans across the US border, typically for a high fee'

例句

His only choice was to travel to Tijuana and hire a coyote (immigrant smuggler) 
to take him across the border.
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ruthless     /'ruːθlɪs/     adj. 无情的，残忍的'

adj. 
'having or showing no pity or compassion for others.'
 a ruthless manipulator

短语

' bloody ruthless '   杀戮成性的  血腥无情的

例句
 
adj.'
If you say that someone is ruthless, you mean that you disapprove of them because they are
very harsh or cruel, and will do anything that
is necessary to achieve what they want.   '  残酷的 [表不满]

The president was ruthless in dealing with any hint of internal political dissent.
这位总统对任何内部政治分歧的苗头都毫不留情

 
adv.  '  ruthlessly '   残酷地
  The party has ruthlessly crushed any sign of organized opposition.
  该党残酷地将任何有组织反抗都消灭在了萌芽状态

 
adj. '
A ruthless action or activity is done forcefully and thoroughly, 
without much concern for its effects on other people.  '  坚决无情的

Her lawyers have been ruthless in thrashing out a divorce settlement.
她的律师们在协商离婚协议上毫不留情


adv.   '  ruthlessly '   坚决无情地
    Gloria showed signs of turning into the ruthlessly efficient woman 
    her father wanted her to be.
    格洛丽亚有迹象变成为她父亲所期望的那种坚决无情、办事利落的女人。
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trek    /trek/           '
n. 艰苦跋涉
vt. （牛）拉（货车）；搬运
vi. 艰苦跋涉
n. (Trek)人名；(阿拉伯)特里克  '

n. '
a long arduous journey, especially one made on foot. ' 
a trek to the South Pole

v.    '
go on a long arduous journey, typically on foot.   '
we trekked through the jungle


例句
v-i     '
If you trek somewhere, you go on a journey across difficult country, usually on foot.  '
(艰难地) 徒步旅行

...trekking through the jungles.
…徒步穿越丛林

 
n-count       '
Trek is also a noun. '   徒步旅行

He is on a trek through the South Gobi desert.
他正徒步穿越南戈壁沙漠


v-i   ' 
If you trek somewhere, you go there heavily and unwillingly, usually because you are tired. '
疲惫地行走

They trekked from shop to shop in search of white knee-high socks.
他们疲惫地奔波于一家又一家商店，寻找高到膝盖的白色长筒袜。
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      My administration has presented Congress with a detailed proposal to secure the border and stop the criminal gangs, drug smugglers and human traffickers. It's a tremendous problem. Our proposal was developed by law enforcement professionals and border agents at the department of homeland security. These are the resources they have requested to properly perform their mission and keep America safe. In fact, safer than ever before. The proposal from Homeland Security includes cutting-edge technology for detecting drugs, weapons, illegal contraband and many other things. We have requested more agents, immigration judges, and bed space to process the sharpe rise in unlawful migration fueled by our very strong economy. Our plan also contains an urgent request for humanitarian assistance and medical support. Further more we have asked Congress to close border security loopholes so that illegal immigrant children can be safely and humanely returned back home. Finally, as part of an overall approach to border security, law enforcement professionals have requested $5.7 billion for a physical barrier. At the request of democrats, it will be a steel barrier rather than a concrete wall. This barrier is absolutely critical to border security. It's also what our professionals at the border want and need. This is just common sense. The border wall would very quickly pay for itself.

      The cost of illegal drugs exceeds 5.7 billion we have requested from Congress. The wall will always be paid for indirectly by the great new trade deal we have made with Mexico. Sen. Chuck Schumer, who you will be hearing from later tonight, has repeatedly support a physical barrier in the past along with many other Democrats. They changed their mind only after I was elected president. Democrats in Congress have refused to acknowledge the crisis. And they have refused to provide our brave border agents with the tools they desperately need to protect our families and our nation.

      The federal government remains shut down for one reason and one reason only because Democrats will not fund border security. My administration is doing everything in our power to help those impacted by the situation. But the only solution is for Democrats to pass the spending bill that defends our borders and reopens the government. This situation could be solved in a 45-minute meeting. I have invited congressional leadership to the White House tomorrow to get this done. Hopefully, we can rise above partisan politics in order to support national security.

      Some has suggested a barrier is immoral. Then why do wealthy politicians build walls, fences and gates around their homes? They don't build walls because they hate the people on the outside, but because they love the people on the inside. The only thing that is immoral is for the politicians to do nothing and continue to allow more innocent people to be so horribly victimized.

      America's heart broken the day after Christmas when a young police officer in California was savagely murdered in cold blood by an illegal alien who just came across the border. The life of an American hero was stolen by someone who had no right to be in our country. Day after day, precious lives are cut short by those who have violated our borders. In California, an Air Force veteran was raped, murdered and beaten to death with a hammer by an illegal alien with a long criminal history. In Georgia, an illegal alien was recently charged with murder for killing, beheading and dismembering his neighbor. In Maryland, MS-13 gang members who arrived in the United States as unaccompanied minors were arrested and charged last year after viciously stabbing and beating a 16-year-old girl.

      Over the last several years, I have met with dozens of families whose loved ones were stolen by illegal immigration. I have held the hands of the weeping mothers and embraced the grief-stricken fathers. So sad, so terrible. I will never forget the pain in their eyes, the tremble in their voices and the sadness gripping their souls. How much more American blood must we shed before Congress does its job?

      For those who refuse to compromise in the name of border security, I would ask, imagine if it was your child, your husband or your wife whose life was so cruelly shattered and totally broken. To every member of Congress, pass a bill that ends this crisis. To every citizen, call Congress and tell them to finally, after all of these decades, secure our border. This is a choice between right and wrong, justice and injustice. This is about whether we fulfill our scared duty to the American citizens we serve.

      When I took the oath of office, I swore to protect our country. And that's what I will always do. So help me God. Thank you, and good night.