我们分析一下Activity的启动流程，源码是基于Android 11
1、Activity 中的逻辑
Activity.java core\java\android\app
Activity 继承自 context，重写了startActivity
看出startActivity(Intent intent) 是直接调用的startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options)
然后一层一层调用进去，不断判断逻辑，增加参数，最后是调用Activity 成员mInstrumentation 的 execStartActivity对象
/**
* Same as {@link #startActivity(Intent, Bundle)} with no options
* specified.
*
* @param intent The intent to start.
*
* @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
*
* @see #startActivity(Intent, Bundle)
* @see #startActivityForResult
*/
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
this.startActivity(intent, null); //可以看出是直接调用的下面的方法
}
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
if (mIntent != null && mIntent.hasExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_SESSION_TOKEN)
&& mIntent.hasExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_CROSS_ACTIVITY)) {//规则判定,正常流程Extra不包含这些
if (TextUtils.equals(getPackageName(),
intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()).getPackageName())) {
// Apply Autofill restore mechanism on the started activity by startActivity()
final IBinder token =
mIntent.getIBinderExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_SESSION_TOKEN);
// Remove restore ability from current activity
mIntent.removeExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_SESSION_TOKEN);
mIntent.removeExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_CROSS_ACTIVITY);
// Put restore token
intent.putExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_SESSION_TOKEN, token);
intent.putExtra(AutofillManager.EXTRA_RESTORE_CROSS_ACTIVITY, true);
}
}
if (options != null) {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with
// applications that may have overridden the method.
startActivityForResult(intent, -1);//options是null,调用这里
}
}
/**
* Same as calling {@link #startActivityForResult(Intent, int, Bundle)}
* with no options.
*
* @param intent The intent to start.
* @param requestCode If >= 0, this code will be returned in
* onActivityResult() when the activity exits.
*
* @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
*
* @see #startActivity
*/
//如果request > 0，那么 会在onActivityResult里返回，传进来的是-1，不关心
public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode) {
startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode, null);
public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode,
@Nullable Bundle options) {
if (mParent == null) {
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
intent, requestCode, options);
if (ar != null) {
mMainThread.sendActivityResult(
mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(),
ar.getResultData());
}
if (requestCode >= 0) {
// If this start is requesting a result, we can avoid making
// the activity visible until the result is received. Setting
// this code during onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) or onResume() will keep the
// activity hidden during this time, to avoid flickering.
// This can only be done when a result is requested because
// that guarantees we will get information back when the
// activity is finished, no matter what happens to it.
mStartedActivity = true;
}
cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
// TODO Consider clearing/flushing other event sources and events for child windows.
} else {
if (options != null) {
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this method for compatibility with
// existing applications that may have overridden it.
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode);
}
}
}
public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode,
@Nullable Bundle options) {
if (mParent == null) {//正常来说这里parent都会为null,走这条分支
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,//看到是调用Activity 成员mInstrumentation 的 execStartActivity对象
intent, requestCode, options);
if (ar != null) {
mMainThread.sendActivityResult(//返回回源activity
mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(),
ar.getResultData());
}
if (requestCode >= 0) {// 为 -1，不走这
// If this start is requesting a result, we can avoid making
// the activity visible until the result is received. Setting
// this code during onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) or onResume() will keep the
// activity hidden during this time, to avoid flickering.
// This can only be done when a result is requested because
// that guarantees we will get information back when the
// activity is finished, no matter what happens to it.
mStartedActivity = true;
}
cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
// TODO Consider clearing/flushing other event sources and events for child windows.
} else {//走不进来
if (options != null) {
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this method for compatibility with
// existing applications that may have overridden it.
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode);
}
}
}
2、Instrumentation中的逻辑
Instrumentation.java core\java\android\app
instrumentation是Android系统里面的一套控制方法或者”钩子“。这些钩子可以在正常的生命周期（正常是由操作系统控制的)之外控制Android控件的运行，其实指的就是Instrumentation类提供的各种流程控制方法。
它内部有一个 ActivityThread 的引用，可以操作Activity 的生命周期，控件，行为等，一般用于android 应用测试框架中。
先分析它的参数
contextThread
- who: 源Activity
- contextThread： 源应用程序的ApplicationThread
- token: Activity 的成员 mToken
- target: 源Activity，同 who
- intent: 传进来的intent
- requestCode: -1
- options: null
.
简单介绍一些它的行为，就是通过ATM的静态方法getService获取到ATMS的代理端，然后通过代理端来调用startActivity，这样就相当于调用了服务端ATMS 的startActivity
@UnsupportedAppUsage
public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;//whoThread 是源目标的 ApplicationThread,这里还原下类型
Uri referrer = target != null ? target.onProvideReferrer() : null;//返回是null
if (referrer != null) {
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, referrer);
}
if (mActivityMonitors != null) {//咱不知道啥意思，先不关注
synchronized (mSync) {
final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
ActivityResult result = null;
if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
}
if (result != null) {
am.mHits++;
return result;
} else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
am.mHits++;
if (am.isBlocking()) {
return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData(who);//对intent中的数据做一些处理
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);//根据当前who和intent的包名来判断是否需要启动新的进程，如果是的话，进行一些准备工作
int result = ActivityTaskManager.getService().startActivity(whoThread,//通过ATMS的静态方法getService获取到ATMS的代理端，然后调用startActivity
who.getBasePackageName(), who.getAttributionTag(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()), token,
target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null, requestCode, 0, null, options);
checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
}
return null;
}
2、ATM中的逻辑
ActivityTaskManager.java core\java\android\app
ATM 是个普通类， getService 返回 IActivityTaskManager 类型的IBinder对象，往下看，可以看出这里是一个通过泛型巧妙设计的单例。
/** @hide */
public static IActivityTaskManager getService() {
return IActivityTaskManagerSingleton.get();
}
@UnsupportedAppUsage(trackingBug = 129726065)
private static final Singleton<IActivityTaskManager> IActivityTaskManagerSingleton =
new Singleton<IActivityTaskManager>() {
@Override
protected IActivityTaskManager create() {
final IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.ACTIVITY_TASK_SERVICE);//可以看出这里也是通过ServiceManager获得代理端
return IActivityTaskManager.Stub.asInterface(b);//转换成IActivityTaskManager 类型的 Interface 返回
}
};
public abstract class Singleton<T> {
@UnsupportedAppUsage
public Singleton() {
}
@UnsupportedAppUsage
private T mInstance;
protected abstract T create();
@UnsupportedAppUsage
public final T get() {
synchronized (this) {
if (mInstance == null) {
mInstance = create();
}
return mInstance;
}
}
}
咱们直接看它的服务端实现吧
2、ATMS中的逻辑
ActivityTaskManagerService.java services\core\java\com\android\server\wm
ATMS 是 ATM 的服务端，全面负责Activity
这里是顺序执行了
startActivity——>startActivityAsUser——>startActivityAsUser——>getActivityStartController().obtainStarter().execute()
最后通过getActivityStartController() 获得内部的成员 mActivityStartController，这里通过工厂方法来构建ActivityStarter，然后执行构造。
参数太多不好看，我们先分析上面Instrumentation 传进来的参数
who: 源目标的 ApplicationThread
callingPackage: who.getBasePackageName
callingFeatureId: callingFeatureId ApplicationThread 成员, 调用特征id
intent: intent
resolvedType: intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver())查看Intent里是否有MIME或者Uri
token: 源Activity 的成员 mToken
resultWho: target.mEmbeddedID target是源Activity，同 who
requestCode: -1
startFlags: 0
profilerInfo: null
options: null
@Override
public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
String callingFeatureId, Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo,
String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo,
Bundle bOptions) {
return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, callingFeatureId, intent, resolvedType,
resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, bOptions,
UserHandle.getCallingUserId());//就加了个 UserHandle.getCallingUserId()
}
@Override
public int startActivityAsUser(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
String callingFeatureId, Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo,
String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo,
Bundle bOptions, int userId) {
return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, callingFeatureId, intent, resolvedType,
resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, bOptions, userId,
true /*validateIncomingUser*/);// 就加了个true 验证传入用户
}
private int startActivityAsUser(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
@Nullable String callingFeatureId, Intent intent, String resolvedType,
IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags,
ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle bOptions, int userId, boolean validateIncomingUser) {
assertPackageMatchesCallingUid(callingPackage);//检测包名和UID是否匹配
enforceNotIsolatedCaller("startActivityAsUser");//判断是否隔离
userId = getActivityStartController().checkTargetUser(userId, validateIncomingUser,
Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid(), "startActivityAsUser");
// TODO: Switch to user app stacks here.
return getActivityStartController().obtainStarter(intent, "startActivityAsUser")// 这里是一个巧妙地工厂方法
.setCaller(caller)//调用方的AppThread的IBinder
.setCallingPackage(callingPackage)//调用方的包名
.setCallingFeatureId(callingFeatureId)
.setResolvedType(resolvedType)//调用者的类型type
.setResultTo(resultTo)//调用方的ActivityClientRecord的binder（实际上是AMS的ActivityRecord对应在App端的binder对象）
.setResultWho(resultWho)//调用方的标识
.setRequestCode(requestCode)// 需要返回的requestCode 这里是-1
.setStartFlags(startFlags)//启动标志位
.setProfilerInfo(profilerInfo)//启动时带上的权限文件对象,这里为Null
.setActivityOptions(bOptions)//null
.setUserId(userId)
.execute();//最后执行
}
2、ActivityStarter 和 ActivityStartController中的逻辑
ActivityStartController.java services\core\java\com\android\server\wm
这里只是返回一个带有初级参数的ActivityStarter
/**
* @return A starter to configure and execute starting an activity. It is valid until after
* {@link ActivityStarter#execute} is invoked. At that point, the starter should be
* considered invalid and no longer modified or used.
*/
ActivityStarter obtainStarter(Intent intent, String reason) {
return mFactory.obtain().setIntent(intent).setReason(reason);
}
ActivityStarter.java services\core\java\com\android\server\wm
看到这里好难受啊，为了把流程走完，先只分析重点吧，害
