Android平台音量调节（一）音量键调节音量

Android平台音量调节

本文基于Android 8.0讲述Android平台原生音量控制功能。

流的定义

Android中，音量都是分开控制，各种流定义各种流的音量。在Android8.0中，定义了11种流类型。对每种流类型都定义了最大音量（MAX_STREAM_VOLUME），默认音量（DEFAULT_STREAM_VOLUME）和最小音量（MIN_STREAM_VOLUME）。一个流也可以用另外一个流的音量设置，所以需要一个别名映射。

最大音量

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private static int[] MAX_STREAM_VOLUME = new int[] {
        5,  // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
        7,  // STREAM_SYSTEM
        7,  // STREAM_RING
        15, // STREAM_MUSIC
        7,  // STREAM_ALARM
        7,  // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
        15, // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
        7,  // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
        15, // STREAM_DTMF
        15, // STREAM_TTS
        15  // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
    };

最小音量

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private static int[] MIN_STREAM_VOLUME = new int[] {
        1,  // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
        0,  // STREAM_SYSTEM
        0,  // STREAM_RING
        0,  // STREAM_MUSIC
        0,  // STREAM_ALARM
        0,  // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
        0,  // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
        0,  // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
        0,  // STREAM_DTMF
        0,  // STREAM_TTS
        0   // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
    };

默认音量

* frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/AudioSystem.java

    public static int[] DEFAULT_STREAM_VOLUME = new int[] {
        4,  // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
        7,  // STREAM_SYSTEM
        5,  // STREAM_RING
        11, // STREAM_MUSIC
        6,  // STREAM_ALARM
        5,  // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
        7,  // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
        7,  // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
        11, // STREAM_DTMF
        11, // STREAM_TTS
        11, // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
    };

别名映射
Android中各种设备的映射不尽相同，Android中定义了3中设备DEFAULT，VOICE，TELEVISION对应的别名映射。（STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_VOICE）。

STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_VOICE对应能处理能处理Voice的设备，比如电话，请映射如下：

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private final int[] STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_VOICE = new int[] {
        AudioSystem.STREAM_VOICE_CALL,      // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_SYSTEM
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_RING
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,           // STREAM_MUSIC
        AudioSystem.STREAM_ALARM,           // STREAM_ALARM
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
        AudioSystem.STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO,   // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_DTMF
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,           // STREAM_TTS
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC            // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
    };

STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_TELEVISION对应电视，机顶盒等。

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private final int[] STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_TELEVISION = new int[] {
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_SYSTEM
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_RING
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_MUSIC
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_ALARM
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_DTMF
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,       // STREAM_TTS
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC        // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
    };

STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_DEFAULT其实和Voice映射是一样的，对应其他的设备，比如平板等。

    private final int[] STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_DEFAULT = new int[] {
        AudioSystem.STREAM_VOICE_CALL,      // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_SYSTEM
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_RING
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,           // STREAM_MUSIC
        AudioSystem.STREAM_ALARM,           // STREAM_ALARM
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
        AudioSystem.STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO,   // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
        AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_DTMF
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,           // STREAM_TTS
        AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC            // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
    };

映射关系如下：

流代号	流类型	默认音量	最大音量	最小音量	DEFAULT/Voice映射	TELEVISION映射
0	STREAM_VOICE_CALL	4	5	1	STREAM_VOICE_CALL	STREAM_MUSIC
1	STREAM_SYSTEM	5	7	0	STREAM_RING	STREAM_MUSIC
2	STREAM_RING	5	7	0	STREAM_RING	STREAM_MUSIC
5	STREAM_NOTIFICATION	5	7	0	STREAM_RING	STREAM_MUSIC
7	STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED	7	7	0	STREAM_RING	STREAM_MUSIC
8	STREAM_DTMF	11	15	0	STREAM_RING	STREAM_MUSIC
3	STREAM_MUSIC	11	15	0	STREAM_MUSIC	STREAM_MUSIC
9	STREAM_TTS	11	15	0	STREAM_MUSIC	STREAM_MUSIC
10	STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY	11	15	0	STREAM_MUSIC	STREAM_MUSIC
4	STREAM_ALARM	6	7	0	STREAM_ALARM	STREAM_MUSIC
6	STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO	7	15	0	STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO	STREAM_MUSIC

所以在手机设备中，从上表来看，我们能调节的其实就5个音量。当你想调节STREAM_SYSTEM，STREAM_NOTIFICATION等流类型的音量时，实际上是调节了STREAM_RING的音量。当前可控的流类型可以通过下表更直观地显示：

流类型	默认音量	最大音量	意义
STREAM_VOICE_CALL	4	5	通话音量
STREAM_RING	5	7	响铃，通知，系统默认音等
STREAM_MUSIC	11	15	多媒体音量
STREAM_ALARM	6	7	闹钟音量
STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO	7	15	蓝牙音量

音量键的处理流程

音量键是常用的调节音量的方式，调节音量时，是调节音量节，比如媒体音STREAM_MUSIC的最大音量为15，其实是15节，你也可以理解为16节，因为还有0.

音量键的处理

Android设置了3个音量处理键，音量加，音量减和静音。3个音量键通过PhoneWindowManager进行处理。

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/PhoneWindowManager.java

    private void dispatchDirectAudioEvent(KeyEvent event) {
        if (event.getAction() != KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            return;
        }
        int keyCode = event.getKeyCode();
        int flags = AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_UI | AudioManager.FLAG_PLAY_SOUND
                | AudioManager.FLAG_FROM_KEY;
        String pkgName = mContext.getOpPackageName();
        switch (keyCode) {
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP:
                try {
                    getAudioService().adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE,
                            AudioManager.USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE, flags, pkgName, TAG);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Error dispatching volume up in dispatchTvAudioEvent.", e);
                }
                break;
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN:
                try {
                    getAudioService().adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(AudioManager.ADJUST_LOWER,
                            AudioManager.USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE, flags, pkgName, TAG);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Error dispatching volume down in dispatchTvAudioEvent.", e);
                }
                break;
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_MUTE:
                try {
                    if (event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {
                        getAudioService().adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(
                                AudioManager.ADJUST_TOGGLE_MUTE,
                                AudioManager.USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE, flags, pkgName, TAG);
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Error dispatching mute in dispatchTvAudioEvent.", e);
                }
                break;
        }
    }

音量的加减都是一节一节的调节的，比如最大音量为 7，表示有7节，加上0，就是8节。

3音量按键对应如下：

按键	AudioService 对应的操作	实际意义
KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP	ADJUST_RAISE	音量加
KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN	ADJUST_LOWER	音量减
KEYCODE_VOLUME_MUTE	ADJUST_TOGGLE_MUTE	静音按钮

ADJUST_TOGGLE_MUTE是静音按钮，如果现在是静音的，那么将切为非静音；如果是非静音的，那么将设置为静音。相关的还有ADJUST_MUTE和ADJUST_UNMUTE。

此外，AudioService相关的还有ADJUST_SAME，这个只是弹出调节音量的框，不去修改音量。

adjustSuggestedStreamVolume通过Binder调到AudioService中。

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    public void adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(int direction, int suggestedStreamType, int flags,
            String callingPackage, String caller) {
        adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(direction, suggestedStreamType, flags, callingPackage,
                caller, Binder.getCallingUid());
    }

adjustSuggestedStreamVolume调同名函数adjustSuggestedStreamVolume：

    private void adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(int direction, int suggestedStreamType, int flags,
            String callingPackage, String caller, int uid) {
        final int streamType;
        if (mUserSelectedVolumeControlStream) { // implies mVolumeControlStream != -1
            streamType = mVolumeControlStream;
        } else {
            final int maybeActiveStreamType = getActiveStreamType(suggestedStreamType);
            final boolean activeForReal;
            ... ...
        }

        final boolean isMute = isMuteAdjust(direction);

        ensureValidStreamType(streamType);
        final int resolvedStream = mStreamVolumeAlias[streamType];

        // Play sounds on STREAM_RING only.
        if ((flags & AudioManager.FLAG_PLAY_SOUND) != 0 &&
                resolvedStream != AudioSystem.STREAM_RING) {
            flags &= ~AudioManager.FLAG_PLAY_SOUND;
        }

        if (mVolumeController.suppressAdjustment(resolvedStream, flags, isMute)) {
            direction = 0;
            flags &= ~AudioManager.FLAG_PLAY_SOUND;
            flags &= ~AudioManager.FLAG_VIBRATE;
            if (DEBUG_VOL) Log.d(TAG, "Volume controller suppressed adjustment");
        }

        adjustStreamVolume(streamType, direction, flags, callingPackage, caller, uid);
    }

这里主要做了以下几件事：

mUserSelectedVolumeControlStream 表示强制控制某一种流类型，这里应该很少走
getActiveStreamType获取要控制的流类型，从Binder那边传过来的值为USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE，getActiveStreamType大概流程如下：

获取Stream的类型

获取映射别名 resolvedStream
对于通知音或铃声STREAM_RING，先显示调节音量的对话框，这个在AudioService的内部类VolumeController中处理。
最后，通过adjustStreamVolume函数设置音量

adjustStreamVolume函数

adjustStreamVolume函数比较长，我们分段来看

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private void adjustStreamVolume(int streamType, int direction, int flags,
            String callingPackage, String caller, int uid) {
        ... ...

        ensureValidDirection(direction);
        ensureValidStreamType(streamType);

        boolean isMuteAdjust = isMuteAdjust(direction);

        if (isMuteAdjust && !isStreamAffectedByMute(streamType)) {
            return;
        }

        int streamTypeAlias = mStreamVolumeAlias[streamType];

        VolumeStreamState streamState = mStreamStates[streamTypeAlias];

获取需要设置音量类型的映射别名streamTypeAlias
获取音量类型对应的音量信息状态 streamState，VolumeStreamState 音量控制的核心，映射后的每种音量都有各自的VolumeStreamState，它保存了一个流类型所有的音量信息。

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private void adjustStreamVolume(int streamType, int direction, int flags,
            String callingPackage, String caller, int uid) {
        ... ...
        final int device = getDeviceForStream(streamTypeAlias);

        int aliasIndex = streamState.getIndex(device);
        boolean adjustVolume = true;
        int step;

获取流类型对应的设备
流各自的VolumeStreamState通过observeDevicesForStream_syncVSS去获取对应的device，observeDevicesForStream_syncVSS的获取到的是一个device列表，最终是通过AudioSystem去native获取的。

再从获取的device列表中进行二次选择device：

    private int getDeviceForStream(int stream) {
        int device = getDevicesForStream(stream);
        if ((device & (device - 1)) != 0) {
            if ((device & AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER) != 0) {
                device = AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER;
            } else if ((device & AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC) != 0) {
                device = AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC;
            } else if ((device & AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF) != 0) {
                device = AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF;
            } else if ((device & AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE) != 0) {
                device = AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE;
            } else {
                device &= AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP;
            }
        }
        return device;
    }

继续看adjustStreamVolume，这部分我们以注释的形式加在代码中

* frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

    private void adjustStreamVolume(int streamType, int direction, int flags,
            String callingPackage, String caller, int uid) {
        ... ...
        // 绝对音量控制
        if ((device & AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP) == 0 &&
            (flags & AudioManager.FLAG_BLUETOOTH_ABS_VOLUME) != 0) {
            return;
        }

        // user处理
        if (uid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID) {
            uid = UserHandle.getUid(getCurrentUserId(), UserHandle.getAppId(uid));
        }
        // 权限处理
        if (mAppOps.noteOp(STREAM_VOLUME_OPS[streamTypeAlias], uid, callingPackage)
                != AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED) {
            return;
        }

        // 清掉待处理的音量处理命令
        synchronized (mSafeMediaVolumeState) {
            mPendingVolumeCommand = null;
        }

        // 处理是否混音，获取step
        flags &= ~AudioManager.FLAG_FIXED_VOLUME;
        if ((streamTypeAlias == AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC) &&
               ((device & mFixedVolumeDevices) != 0)) {
            flags |= AudioManager.FLAG_FIXED_VOLUME;

            // Always toggle between max safe volume and 0 for fixed volume devices where safe
            // volume is enforced, and max and 0 for the others.
            // This is simulated by stepping by the full allowed volume range
            if (mSafeMediaVolumeState == SAFE_MEDIA_VOLUME_ACTIVE &&
                    (device & mSafeMediaVolumeDevices) != 0) {
                step = mSafeMediaVolumeIndex;
            } else {
                step = streamState.getMaxIndex();
            }
            if (aliasIndex != 0) {
                aliasIndex = step;
            }
        } else {
            // convert one UI step (+/-1) into a number of internal units on the stream alias
            step = rescaleIndex(10, streamType, streamTypeAlias);
        }

        // 响铃模式处理
        if (((flags & AudioManager.FLAG_ALLOW_RINGER_MODES) != 0) ||
                (streamTypeAlias == getUiSoundsStreamType())) {
            int ringerMode = getRingerModeInternal();
            // do not vibrate if already in vibrate mode
            if (ringerMode == AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_VIBRATE) {
                flags &= ~AudioManager.FLAG_VIBRATE;
            }
            // Check if the ringer mode handles this adjustment. If it does we don't
            // need to adjust the volume further.
            final int result = checkForRingerModeChange(aliasIndex, direction, step,
                    streamState.mIsMuted, callingPackage, flags);
            adjustVolume = (result & FLAG_ADJUST_VOLUME) != 0;
            // If suppressing a volume adjustment in silent mode, display the UI hint
            if ((result & AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_SILENT_HINT) != 0) {
                flags |= AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_SILENT_HINT;
            }
            // If suppressing a volume down adjustment in vibrate mode, display the UI hint
            if ((result & AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_VIBRATE_HINT) != 0) {
                flags |= AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_VIBRATE_HINT;
            }
        }
        // 如果不设置音量adjustVolume
        if (!volumeAdjustmentAllowedByDnd(streamTypeAlias, flags)) {
            adjustVolume = false;
        }
        int oldIndex = mStreamStates[streamType].getIndex(device);

        if (adjustVolume && (direction != AudioManager.ADJUST_SAME)) {
            mAudioHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UNMUTE_STREAM);

            // Check if volume update should be send to AVRCP
            if (streamTypeAlias == AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC &&
                (device & AudioSystem.DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP) != 0 &&
                (flags & AudioManager.FLAG_BLUETOOTH_ABS_VOLUME) == 0) {
                synchronized (mA2dpAvrcpLock) {
                    if (mA2dp != null && mAvrcpAbsVolSupported) {
                        mA2dp.adjustAvrcpAbsoluteVolume(direction);
                    }
                }
            }
            // 静音设置
            if (isMuteAdjust) {
                boolean state;
                if (direction == AudioManager.ADJUST_TOGGLE_MUTE) {
                    state = !streamState.mIsMuted;
                } else {
                    state = direction == AudioManager.ADJUST_MUTE;
                }
                if (streamTypeAlias == AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC) {
                    setSystemAudioMute(state);
                }
                for (int stream = 0; stream < mStreamStates.length; stream++) {
                    if (streamTypeAlias == mStreamVolumeAlias[stream]) {
                        if (!(readCameraSoundForced()
                                    && (mStreamStates[stream].getStreamType()
                                        == AudioSystem.STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED))) {
                            mStreamStates[stream].mute(state);
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else if ((direction == AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE) &&
                    !checkSafeMediaVolume(streamTypeAlias, aliasIndex + step, device)) {
                //安全模式，提示音量过高
                mVolumeController.postDisplaySafeVolumeWarning(flags);
            } else if (streamState.adjustIndex(direction * step, device, caller)
                    || streamState.mIsMuted) {
                if (streamState.mIsMuted) {
                    // Unmute the stream if it was previously muted
                    if (direction == AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE) {
                        // unmute immediately for volume up
                        streamState.mute(false);
                    } else if (direction == AudioManager.ADJUST_LOWER) {
                        if (mIsSingleVolume) {
                            sendMsg(mAudioHandler, MSG_UNMUTE_STREAM, SENDMSG_QUEUE,
                                    streamTypeAlias, flags, null, UNMUTE_STREAM_DELAY);
                        }
                    }
                } // 设置到底层
                sendMsg(mAudioHandler,
                        MSG_SET_DEVICE_VOLUME,
                        SENDMSG_QUEUE,
                        device,
                        0,
                        streamState,
                        0);
            }

            // 是否需要设置HDMI的音量
            int newIndex = mStreamStates[streamType].getIndex(device);
            if (streamTypeAlias == AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC) {
                setSystemAudioVolume(oldIndex, newIndex, getStreamMaxVolume(streamType), flags);
            }
            if (mHdmiManager != null) {
                synchronized (mHdmiManager) {
                    // mHdmiCecSink true => mHdmiPlaybackClient != null
                    if (mHdmiCecSink &&
                            streamTypeAlias == AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC &&
                            oldIndex != newIndex) {
                        synchronized (mHdmiPlaybackClient) {
                            int keyCode = (direction == -1) ? KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN :
                                    KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP;
                            final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
                            try {
                                mHdmiPlaybackClient.sendKeyEvent(keyCode, true);
                                mHdmiPlaybackClient.sendKeyEvent(keyCode, false);
                            } finally {
                                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(ident);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        // 更新音量
        int index = mStreamStates[streamType].getIndex(device);
        sendVolumeUpdate(streamType, oldIndex, index, flags);
    }

在上面这段代码中，需要注意下面几个关键的流程：

计算step
如果不是音乐类型，且固定音量，那么音量调节将转换，转换的算法为：

    private int rescaleIndex(int index, int srcStream, int dstStream) {
        return (index * mStreamStates[dstStream].getMaxIndex() + mStreamStates[srcStream].getMaxIndex() / 2) / mStreamStates[srcStream].getMaxIndex();
    }

index为10，所以STREAM_NOTIFICATION的step为10，STREAM_DTMF的step为(10x15 + 15/2) / 15 = 5

处理RingMode
Android定义了如下的模式：

    public static final int RINGER_MODE_SILENT = 0;
    public static final int RINGER_MODE_VIBRATE = 1;
    public static final int RINGER_MODE_NORMAL = 2;
    public static final int RINGER_MODE_MAX = RINGER_MODE_NORMAL;

设置音量
首先处理静音，处理安全音量，最后再处理音量。

音量首先保存在每个流类型的VolumeStreamState中：

        public boolean adjustIndex(int deltaIndex, int device, String caller) {
            return setIndex(getIndex(device) + deltaIndex, device, caller);
        }

在通过 MSG_SET_DEVICE_VOLUME 消息设置到底层。AudioHandler通过setDeviceVolume处理MSG_SET_DEVICE_VOLUME消息。最后是通过AudioSystem的native接口设置到native。

通知音量更改
最后，通过sendVolumeUpdate广播整个系统，通知整个系统音量修改。

看完代码，我们来看看Java层的时序吧～

AudioService设置按键音量的过程

最后编辑于：2019.09.25 18:32:31

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