首先需要声明的是，现在写了一个客户端和服务端通信的小功能程序，利用Python，当然主要是Python的一些内置库。比如socket，sys，json，thread等。
socket通信原理
- Server端建立一个socket，然后绑定到一个（IP，port）对里，然后开启监听，准备好接收来自客户端（另一方）的请求。其中和客户端通信的方法有send(), sendall(), accept(), recv()等。
- Client端建立socket，进行对服务器的连接，（可选的设置阻塞（同异步）方式等），连接上服务器后，进行数据的交互，sendall(), recv()等。
**注意：！服务端和客户端（socket两端）都有数据的“收”，“发”方法。 - json的处理：将数据转化为json格式(包装)：json.dumps(data), 返回一个封装后的数据，然后发送给另一端，另一端再进行解析（data接收(recv())后，进行加载(json.loads(data))）, 这样就可以按照字典的格式进行读取，
data_loaded['ip']等 - 最后：连接关闭。socket的开启会占用带宽，必须记得关闭。
以下是“心跳”程序的服务端（监听心跳）代码：
#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding:utf-8
'''
server
'''
import socket, sys, json
from thread import *
BUF_SIZE = 4096
HOST = socket.gethostname()
PORT = 7878
try:
server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
except socket.error, e:
print "Error creating socket: %s" %e
sys.exit()
try:
server.bind((HOST, PORT))
except socket.error:
print "Bind failed!"
sys.exit()
print "Socket bind complete"
server.listen(10)
print "Socket now listening"
def clientthread(coon):
coon.send("Welcome to the server!")
while True:
try:
data = coon.recv(BUF_SIZE)
data_loaded = json.loads(data)
print "ip: "+str(data_loaded['ip'])+" |status: "+data_loaded['status']+" |pid: "+str(data_loaded['pid'])
# coon.sendall("hello, I love you!") # set the client :setblock(0)is ok!
except socket.error:
print "One Client (IP: %s) Connected over!" % data_loaded['ip']
break
coon.close()
while True:
coon, addr = server.accept()
print "Connected with %s: %s " % (addr[0], str(addr[1]))
start_new_thread(clientthread, (coon,))
server.close()
以下是心跳发起端代码：
#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding:utf-8
'''
client
'''
import socket, sys, os
import time, json
host = 'ZFQSH-L0686' # maybe change
port = 7878
BUF_SIZE = 4096
try:
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
except socket.error, e:
print "Error creating socket: %s" % e
sys.exit()
try:
remote_ip = socket.gethostbyname(host)
except socket.gaierror:
print "Hostname couldn't be resolved. Exciting"
sys.exit()
try:
client.connect((remote_ip, port))
client.setblocking(0) # set the socket is not blocking
print "Socket connected to %s on ip %s" % (host, remote_ip)
except socket.gaierror, e: #address related error
print "connected to server error%s" % e
sys.exit()
# beat_count = 0
#send heart_beat
while True:
# beat_count += 1 #heart_beat time
host_name = socket.gethostname()
# data_to_server = "ip: "+str(socket.gethostbyname(host_name))+", stats: alive, "+"pid: "+str(os.getpid())
data_to_server = {'ip': socket.gethostbyname(host_name), 'status': 'alive', 'pid': os.getpid()}
data_dumped = json.dumps(data_to_server)
try:
client.sendall(data_dumped)
except socket.error:
print "Send failed!!"
sys.exit()
print 'I - ', os.getpid(), '- am alive.'
time.sleep(50)
client.close()
需求库
捕获.PNG
