在调试代码的时候,发现了一个class初始化的问题,就是class的静态代码块或者类变量初始化失败了,导致代码调用静态方法失败。并且该问题是代码运行到这个逻辑的时候才报错的,而不是启动时就报错。我觉得如果这个类能用spring管理,可能会提前发现问题提,我记得支付组也出现过这个问题。第一次见到没有记住,第二次见到一定要记住,并且记录下来:
后来我找了一些博客,发现了一篇不错的文章,请从 2017-07-24 号开始看起:https://blog.csdn.net/jiese1990/article/details/40154329。
我自己打了点代码试了一下
第一段代码:
package myclass;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.Vector;
class MyClass1 {
static {//静态块
System.out.println("static block ");
}
}
class MyClass2 {
static {//静态块
System.out.println("class2 static block ");
}
public static void print2() {
System.out.println("class2");
}
}
public class Hello {
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
ClassLoader loader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
printClassesOfClassLoader(loader);
System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------");
System.out.println("hello word: " + MyClass1.class);
printClassesOfClassLoader(loader);
Class.forName("myclass.MyClass1", false, Hello.class.getClassLoader());
Class.forName("myclass.MyClass1", false, Hello.class.getClassLoader());
System.out.println("xx");
Class.forName("myclass.MyClass1", true, Hello.class.getClassLoader());
System.out.println("xx");
Class.forName("myclass.MyClass1", false, Hello.class.getClassLoader());
System.out.println("xx");
Class.forName("myclass.MyClass1", true, Hello.class.getClassLoader());
System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------");
MyClass2.print2();
}
public static void printClassesOfClassLoader(ClassLoader loader) {
try {
Field classesF = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredField("classes");
classesF.setAccessible(true);
Vector<Class<?>> classes = (Vector<Class<?>>) classesF.get(loader);
for (Class c : classes) {
System.out.println(c);
}
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出:
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$Agent
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1
class myclass.Hello
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
hello word: class myclass.MyClass1
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$Agent
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1
class myclass.Hello
class myclass.MyClass1
xx
static block
xx
xx
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
class2 static block
class2
第二段代码:
package myclass;
import visitor.AddGraphicVisitor;
import visitor.GraphicVisitor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.Vector;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassLoader loader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
printClassesOfClassLoader(loader);
GraphicVisitor x = new AddGraphicVisitor();
System.out.println("-------------------- hello " + MyClass1.class + " --------------------");
printClassesOfClassLoader(loader);
}
public static void printClassesOfClassLoader(ClassLoader loader) {
try {
Field classesF = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredField("classes");
classesF.setAccessible(true);
Vector<Class<?>> classes = (Vector<Class<?>>) classesF.get(loader);
for (Class c : classes) {
System.out.println(c);
}
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出为:
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$Agent
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1
class myclass.Main
-------------------- hello class myclass.MyClass1 --------------------
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$Agent
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2
class com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1
class myclass.Main
interface visitor.GraphicVisitor
class visitor.AddGraphicVisitor
class myclass.MyClass1
基本思想是:
- 类加载和init不一定是一个接着一个执行的,有可能类已经加载了,但是init还没有执行。
- 类被用到时才会被加载(如果该类不被spring管理的话)
- 执行类的静态方法时,static代码块也会执行。
- 创建一个类的实例时,static代码块也会执行。