IBeacon的简介
Beacon是苹果公司2013年9月发布的移动设备用OS（iOS7）上配备的新功能。其工作方式是，配备有 低功耗蓝牙（BLE）通信功能的设备使用BLE技术向周围发送自己特有的ID，接收到该ID的应用软件会根据该ID采取一些行动。由于IBeacon是苹果发布的，所以会有相应的工具库；但是android是在4.3系统及以后才支持低功耗蓝牙，也没有相关的IBeacon库，只能用android BLE的基本操作，使用相对麻烦，所以才出现了Android Beacon Library,详细介绍,Github。
环境配置
Step 1. 配置你的项目build.gradle文件
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
compile 'org.altbeacon:android-beacon-library:2+'
}
Step 2.在AndroidManifest.xml中添加权限，android6.0及以上动态申请权限Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="18"
android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
检查是否进入Beacon区域
当我们走进或走出一个beacon广播区域时，我们会收到相应回调，下面将打印相应的log。
public class MonitoringActivity extends Activity implements BeaconConsumer {
protected static final String TAG = "MonitoringActivity";
private BeaconManager beaconManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_ranging);
beaconManager = BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(this);
// To detect proprietary beacons, you must add a line like below corresponding to your beacon
// type. Do a web search for "setBeaconLayout" to get the proper expression.
beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().add(new BeaconParser().
setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=beac,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24,d:25-25"));
beaconManager.bind(this);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
beaconManager.unbind(this);
}
@Override
public void onBeaconServiceConnect() {
beaconManager.addMonitorNotifier(new MonitorNotifier() {
@Override
public void didEnterRegion(Region region) {
Log.i(TAG, "I just saw an beacon for the first time!");
}
@Override
public void didExitRegion(Region region) {
Log.i(TAG, "I no longer see an beacon");
}
@Override
public void didDetermineStateForRegion(int state, Region region) {
Log.i(TAG, "I have just switched from seeing/not seeing beacons: "+state);
}
});
try {
beaconManager.startMonitoringBeaconsInRegion(new Region("myMonitoringUniqueId", null, null, null));
} catch (RemoteException e) { }
}
}
获取附近的Beacon设备信息
我们可以在didRangeBeaconsInRegion回调中获取到Beacon集合，然后遍历可以获取到每个Beacon的基本信息如major，minor，UUID，距离等。
public class RangingActivity extends Activity implements BeaconConsumer {
protected static final String TAG = "RangingActivity";
private BeaconManager beaconManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_ranging);
beaconManager = BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(this);
// To detect proprietary beacons, you must add a line like below corresponding to your beacon
// type. Do a web search for "setBeaconLayout" to get the proper expression.
beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().add(new BeaconParser().
setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=beac,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24,d:25-25"));
beaconManager.bind(this);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
beaconManager.unbind(this);
}
@Override
public void onBeaconServiceConnect() {
beaconManager.addRangeNotifier(new RangeNotifier() {
@Override
public void didRangeBeaconsInRegion(Collection<Beacon> beacons, Region region) {
if (beacons.size() > 0) {
Log.i(TAG, "The first beacon I see is about "+beacons.iterator().next().getDistance()+" meters away.");
}
}
});
try {
beaconManager.startRangingBeaconsInRegion(new Region("myRangingUniqueId", null, null, null));
} catch (RemoteException e) { }
}
}
运行于后台
后台启动的activity的launchMode="singleInstance"
<application
android:name="com.example.MyApplicationName"
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<!-- Note: the singleInstance below is important to keep two copies of your activity from getting launched on automatic startup -->
<activity
android:launchMode="singleInstance"
android:name="com.example.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
Application class
public class MyApplicationName extends Application implements BootstrapNotifier {
private static final String TAG = ".MyApplicationName";
private RegionBootstrap regionBootstrap;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.d(TAG, "App started up");
BeaconManager beaconManager = BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(this);
// To detect proprietary beacons, you must add a line like below corresponding to your beacon
// type. Do a web search for "setBeaconLayout" to get the proper expression.
// beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().add(new BeaconParser().
// setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=beac,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24,d:25-25"));
// wake up the app when any beacon is seen (you can specify specific id filers in the parameters below)
Region region = new Region("com.example.myapp.boostrapRegion", null, null, null);
regionBootstrap = new RegionBootstrap(this, region);
}
@Override
public void didDetermineStateForRegion(int arg0, Region arg1) {
// Don't care
}
@Override
public void didEnterRegion(Region arg0) {
Log.d(TAG, "Got a didEnterRegion call");
// This call to disable will make it so the activity below only gets launched the first time a beacon is seen (until the next time the app is launched)
// if you want the Activity to launch every single time beacons come into view, remove this call.
regionBootstrap.disable();
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
// IMPORTANT: in the AndroidManifest.xml definition of this activity, you must set android:launchMode="singleInstance" or you will get two instances
// created when a user launches the activity manually and it gets launched from here.
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
this.startActivity(intent);
}
@Override
public void didExitRegion(Region arg0) {
// Don't care
}
}
把手机变成一个Beacon发射器（必须SDK21+,android5.0）
Beacon beacon = new Beacon.Builder()
.setId1("2f234454-cf6d-4a0f-adf2-f4911ba9ffa6")
.setId2("1")
.setId3("2")
.setManufacturer(0x0118)
.setTxPower(-59)
.setDataFields(Arrays.asList(new Long[] {0l}))
.build();
BeaconParser beaconParser = new BeaconParser()
.setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=beac,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24,d:25-25");
BeaconTransmitter beaconTransmitter = new BeaconTransmitter(getApplicationContext(), beaconParser);
beaconTransmitter.startAdvertising(beacon);
节省电量
public class MyApplication extends Application implements BootstrapNotifier {
private BackgroundPowerSaver backgroundPowerSaver;
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
// Simply constructing this class and holding a reference to it in your custom Application class
// enables auto battery saving of about 60%
backgroundPowerSaver = new BackgroundPowerSaver(this);
}
}
以上就是Android Beacon Library的使用，通过它我们可以快速地在android手机上开发Beacon应用。
