个人专题目录
4.1 分布式安装部署
1.集群规划
在hadoop102、hadoop103和hadoop104三个节点上部署Zookeeper。
2.解压安装
(1)解压Zookeeper安装包到/opt/module/目录下
$ tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /opt/module/
(2)同步/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10目录内容到hadoop103、hadoop104
$ xsync zookeeper-3.4.10/
3.配置服务器编号
(1)在/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/这个目录下创建zkData
$ mkdir -p zkData
(2)在/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData目录下创建一个myid的文件
$ touch myid
添加myid文件,注意一定要在linux里面创建,在notepad++里面很可能乱码
(3)编辑myid文件
$ vi myid
在文件中添加与server对应的编号:2
(4)拷贝配置好的zookeeper到其他机器上
$ xsync myid
并分别在hadoop102、hadoop103上修改myid文件中内容为3、4
4.配置zoo.cfg文件
(1)重命名/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf这个目录下的zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg
$ mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
(2)打开zoo.cfg文件
$ vim zoo.cfg
修改数据存储路径配置
dataDir=/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData
增加如下配置
#######################cluster##########################
server.2=hadoop102:2888:3888
server.3=hadoop103:2888:3888
server.4=hadoop104:2888:3888
(3)同步zoo.cfg配置文件
$ xsync zoo.cfg
(4)配置参数解读
server.A=B:C:D。
A是一个数字,表示这个是第几号服务器;
集群模式下配置一个文件myid,这个文件在dataDir目录下,这个文件里面有一个数据就是A的值,Zookeeper启动时读取此文件,拿到里面的数据与zoo.cfg里面的配置信息比较从而判断到底是哪个server。
B是这个服务器的ip地址;
C是这个服务器与集群中的Leader服务器交换信息的端口;
D是万一集群中的Leader服务器挂了,需要一个端口来重新进行选举,选出一个新的Leader,而这个端口就是用来执行选举时服务器相互通信的端口。
4.集群操作
(1)分别启动Zookeeper
$ bin/zkServer.sh start
(2)查看状态
bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader
bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
4.2 客户端命令行操作
Zookeeper表现为一个分层的文件系统目录树结构
不同于文件系统之处在于:zk节点可以有自己的数据,而unix文件系统中的目录节点只有子节点
一个节点对应一个应用/服务,节点存储的数据就是应用需要的配置信息。
命令基本语法 | 功能描述 |
---|---|
help | 显示所有操作命令 |
ls path [watch] | 使用 ls 命令来查看当前znode中所包含的内容 |
ls2 path [watch] | 查看当前节点数据并能看到更新次数等数据 |
create | 普通创建 -s 含有序列 -e 临时(重启或者超时消失) |
get path [watch] | 获得节点的值 |
set | 设置节点的具体值 |
stat | 查看节点状态 |
delete | 删除节点 |
rmr | 递归删除节点 |
1.启动客户端
$ bin/zkCli.sh
2.显示所有操作命令
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] help
3.查看当前znode中所包含的内容
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[zookeeper]
4.查看当前节点详细数据
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls2 /
[zookeeper]
cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
5.分别创建2个普通节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create /sanguo "jinlian"
Created /sanguo
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create /sanguo/shuguo "liubei"
Created /sanguo/shuguo
6.获得节点的值
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /sanguo
jinlian
cZxid = 0x100000003
ctime = Wed Aug 29 00:03:23 CST 2018
mZxid = 0x100000003
mtime = Wed Aug 29 00:03:23 CST 2018
pZxid = 0x100000004
cversion = 1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 7
numChildren = 1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] get /sanguo/shuguo
liubei
cZxid = 0x100000004
ctime = Wed Aug 29 00:04:35 CST 2018
mZxid = 0x100000004
mtime = Wed Aug 29 00:04:35 CST 2018
pZxid = 0x100000004
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 6
numChildren = 0
7.创建短暂节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] create -e /sanguo/wuguo "zhouyu"
Created /sanguo/wuguo
(1)在当前客户端是能查看到的
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] ls /sanguo
[wuguo, shuguo]
(2)退出当前客户端然后再重启客户端
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] quit
$ bin/zkCli.sh
(3)再次查看根目录下短暂节点已经删除
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /sanguo
[shuguo]
8.创建带序号的节点
(1)先创建一个普通的根节点/sanguo/weiguo
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /sanguo/weiguo "caocao"
Created /sanguo/weiguo
(2)创建带序号的节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create -s /sanguo/weiguo/xiaoqiao "jinlian"
Created /sanguo/weiguo/xiaoqiao0000000000
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create -s /sanguo/weiguo/daqiao "jinlian"
Created /sanguo/weiguo/daqiao0000000001
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create -s /sanguo/weiguo/diaocan "jinlian"
Created /sanguo/weiguo/diaocan0000000002
如果原来没有序号节点,序号从0开始依次递增。如果原节点下已有2个节点,则再排序时从2开始,以此类推。
9.修改节点数据值
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] set /sanguo/weiguo "simayi"
10.节点的值变化监听
(1)在hadoop104主机上注册监听/sanguo节点数据变化
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 26] [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /sanguo watch
(2)在hadoop103主机上修改/sanguo节点的数据
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] set /sanguo "xisi"
(3)观察hadoop104主机收到数据变化的监听
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/sanguo
11.节点的子节点变化监听(路径变化)
(1)在hadoop104主机上注册监听/sanguo节点的子节点变化
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /sanguo watch
[aa0000000001, server101]
(2)在hadoop103主机/sanguo节点上创建子节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create /sanguo/jin "simayi"
Created /sanguo/jin
(3)观察hadoop104主机收到子节点变化的监听
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeChildrenChanged path:/sanguo
12.删除节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] delete /sanguo/jin
13.递归删除节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] rmr /sanguo/shuguo
14.查看节点状态
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 17] stat /sanguo
cZxid = 0x100000003
ctime = Wed Aug 29 00:03:23 CST 2018
mZxid = 0x100000011
mtime = Wed Aug 29 00:21:23 CST 2018
pZxid = 0x100000014
cversion = 9
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 1
zookeeper支持某些特定的四字命令,他们大多是用来查询ZK服务的当前状态及相关信息的,
通过telnet或nc向zookeeper提交相应命令,如:echo ruok | nc 127.0.0.1 2181
运行公式:echo 四字命令 | nc 主机IP zookeeper端口
ruok:测试服务是否处于正确状态。如果确实如此,那么服务返回“imok ”,否则不做任何相应
stat:输出关于性能和连接的客户端的列表
conf:输出相关服务配置的详细信息
cons:列出所有连接到服务器的客户端的完全的连接 /会话的详细信息。包括“接受 / 发送”的包数量、会话id 、操作延迟、最后的操作执行等等信息
dump:列出未经处理的会话和临时节点
envi:输出关于服务环境的详细信息(区别于conf命令)
reqs:列出未经处理的请求
wchs:列出服务器watch的详细信息
wchc:通过session列出服务器watch的详细信息,它的输出是一个与watch相关的会话的列表
wchp:通过路径列出服务器 watch的详细信息。它输出一个与 session相关的路径
4.3 API应用
4.3.1 环境搭建
1.创建一个Maven工程
2.添加pom文件
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.zookeeper/zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.拷贝log4j.properties文件到项目根目录
需要在项目的src/main/resources目录下,新建一个文件,命名为“log4j.properties”,在文件中填入。
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.logfile.File=target/spring.log
log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
4.3.2 创建ZooKeeper客户端
private static String connectString =
"hadoop102:2181,hadoop103:2181,hadoop104:2181";
private static int sessionTimeout = 2000;
private ZooKeeper zkClient = null;
@Before
public void init() throws Exception {
zkClient = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
// 收到事件通知后的回调函数(用户的业务逻辑)
System.out.println(event.getType() + "--" + event.getPath());
// 再次启动监听
try {
zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
4.3.3 创建子节点
// 创建子节点
@Test
public void create() throws Exception {
// 参数1:要创建的节点的路径; 参数2:节点数据 ; 参数3:节点权限 ;参数4:节点的类型
String nodeCreated = zkClient.create("/test", "jinlian".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
}
4.3.4 获取子节点并监听节点变化
// 获取子节点
@Test
public void getChildren() throws Exception {
List<String> children = zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
for (String child : children) {
System.out.println(child);
}
// 延时阻塞
Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
4.3.5 判断Znode是否存在
// 判断znode是否存在
@Test
public void exist() throws Exception {
Stat stat = zkClient.exists("/eclipse", false);
System.out.println(stat == null ? "not exist" : "exist");
}
4.4 监听服务器节点动态上下线案例
具体实现
(0)先在集群上创建/servers节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] create /servers "servers"
Created /servers
(1)服务器端向Zookeeper注册代码
package com.test.zkcase;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;
public class DistributeServer {
private static String connectString = "hadoop102:2181,hadoop103:2181,hadoop104:2181";
private static int sessionTimeout = 2000;
private ZooKeeper zk = null;
private String parentNode = "/servers";
// 创建到zk的客户端连接
public void getConnect() throws IOException{
zk = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
}
});
}
// 注册服务器
public void registServer(String hostname) throws Exception{
String create = zk.create(parentNode + "/server", hostname.getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
System.out.println(hostname +" is online "+ create);
}
// 业务功能
public void business(String hostname) throws Exception{
System.out.println(hostname+" is working ...");
Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1获取zk连接
DistributeServer server = new DistributeServer();
server.getConnect();
// 2 利用zk连接注册服务器信息
server.registServer(args[0]);
// 3 启动业务功能
server.business(args[0]);
}
}
(2)客户端代码
package com.test.zkcase;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
public class DistributeClient {
private static String connectString = "hadoop102:2181,hadoop103:2181,hadoop104:2181";
private static int sessionTimeout = 2000;
private ZooKeeper zk = null;
private String parentNode = "/servers";
// 创建到zk的客户端连接
public void getConnect() throws IOException {
zk = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
// 再次启动监听
try {
getServerList();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
// 获取服务器列表信息
public void getServerList() throws Exception {
// 1获取服务器子节点信息,并且对父节点进行监听
List<String> children = zk.getChildren(parentNode, true);
// 2存储服务器信息列表
ArrayList<String> servers = new ArrayList<>();
// 3遍历所有节点,获取节点中的主机名称信息
for (String child : children) {
byte[] data = zk.getData(parentNode + "/" + child, false, null);
servers.add(new String(data));
}
// 4打印服务器列表信息
System.out.println(servers);
}
// 业务功能
public void business() throws Exception{
System.out.println("client is working ...");
Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1获取zk连接
DistributeClient client = new DistributeClient();
client.getConnect();
// 2获取servers的子节点信息,从中获取服务器信息列表
client.getServerList();
// 3业务进程启动
client.business();
}
}