上周的“最难题”专栏是否让大家收获良多呢错过的亲们请戳右侧回顾→73%的童鞋都会错的插入句子题，应该这么破
今天Jenny老师为大家解析的是错误率最高的阅读推断题，还没有练过的童鞋可以先做下面的题，然后再看解析呦~
最难题之
推断题
TPO7 The Geologic History Of The Mediterranean
Paragraph 3: With question such as these clearly before them, the scientists aboard the Glomar Challenger processed to the Mediterranean to search for the answers. On August 23, 1970, they recovered asample. The sample consisted of pebbles of hardened sediment that had once been soft, deep-seamud, as well as granules of gypsum and fragments of volcanic rock. Not a single pebble was found that might have indicated that the pebbles came from thenearbycontinent. In the days following,samples of solid gypsum were repeatedly brought ondeckas drillingoperationspenetrated the seafloor. Furthermore, the gypsum was found to possess peculiarities of composition and structure that suggested it had formed on desert flats. Sediment above and below the gypsum layer contained tinymarinefossils, indicating open-ocean conditions. As they drilled into the central and deepest part of the Mediterraneanbasin, the scientists took solid, shiny, crystalline salt from the core barrel. Interbedded with the salt were thinlayersof what appeared to be windblown silt.
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the solid gypsum layer?
○It did not contain anymarinefossil.
○It had formed in open-ocean conditions.
○It had once been soft, deep-seamud.
○It contained sediment fromnearbydeserts.
开始做这道题，我们可以首先按照传统的思路回原文定位关于含有gypsum layer这个关键词的信息（原文高亮处），也就是用于推理的那句话，然后就可以研读这句话了。这句话的意思是“石膏层上下的沉积物中包含了微小的海洋生物化石，说明了这是开放性的海洋环境。”进行到这里，有的同学可能就没有思路了，根据这句话能推断出什么结论呢？再观察一下四个选项，更是跟原文相关度不太大，于是便回原文继续寻找可靠信息，怀疑自己是否是定位定错了。
其实，这道题属于一个特殊类——“取非”类推理。“取非”的意思是说从事物的相反面去思考并推断事物本身有什么样的特征。比如，“19世纪为蜡烛产业带来一系列新发明，从而使蜡烛的供给范围覆盖所有人。”那么，从这句话你能推断出什么来呢？不言而喻吧，自然是“19世纪以前蜡烛的供给是不能覆盖所有人的”。我们刚刚讲的是涉及时间的“取非”推理，那么，涉及地点的“取非”推理大家是否能够理解呢？比如“这个地区以外的其他地方都有自来水”，你能否推断出这个结论——这个区没有自来水。如果可以，那么恭喜你，你已经理解了“取非类推理”。
现在我们回到上面这道推断题，原文是“石膏层上下的沉积物中包含了微小的海洋生物化石，说明了这是开放性的海洋环境”。如果我们采用取非类推理方法，很明显，这句话涉及的是地点类的取非推理。很简单，根据“石膏层的上下沉积物有海洋生物化石”，经过反向思考，可以得出结论——石膏层本身没有海洋生物化石。也就是选择A项。
通过这道题，大家清楚了什么是取非类推理了吗？涉及时间的取非类推理和涉及地点的取非类推理大家都理解了吗？这类考题在真正的托福考试中也是频频出现，希望各位小亲足够重视哦！
方法都get到了，快去托福Easy姐APP的阅读练习中找到其他推断题练起来吧~
