Linux运维常用脚本

一、根据PID过滤进程所有信息

! /bin/bash
read -p "请输入要查询的PID: " P
n=ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $11}'|wc -l
if [ $n -eq 0 ];then echo "该PID不存在！！" exit fi echo "--------------------------------" echo "进程PID:$ P"
echo "进程命令：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $11}'"
echo "进程所属用户: ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $1}'"
echo "CPU占用率：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $3}'%"
echo "内存占用率：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $4}'%"
echo "进程开始运行的时刻：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $9}'"
echo "进程运行的时间：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $10}'"
echo "进程状态：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $8}'"
echo "进程虚拟内存：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $5}'"
echo "进程共享内存：ps -aux| awk '$2~/^'$P'$/{print $6}'"
echo "--------------------------------"

二、根据进程名过滤进程信息

! /bin/bash
read -p "请输入要查询的进程名：" NAME
N=ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | wc -l ##统计进程总数
if [ $N -le 0 ];then echo "该进程名没有运行！" fi i=1 while [$ N -gt 0 ]
do
echo "进程PID: ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $2}'"
echo "进程命令：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $11}'"
echo "进程所属用户: ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $1}'"
echo "CPU占用率：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $3}'%"
echo "内存占用率：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $4}'%"
echo "进程开始运行的时刻：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $9}'"
echo "进程运行的时间：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $11}'"
echo "进程状态：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $8}'"
echo "进程虚拟内存：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $5}'"
echo "进程共享内存：ps -aux | grep $NAME | grep -v grep | awk 'NR=='$i'{print $0}'| awk '{print $6}'"
echo "***************************************************************"
let N-- i++
done

三、根据用户名查询该用户的相关信息

! /bin/bash
read -p "请输入要查询的用户名：" A
echo "------------------------------"
n=cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$1~/^'$A'$/{print}' | wc -l
if [ $n -eq 0 ];then echo "该用户不存在" echo "------------------------------" else echo "该用户的用户名：$ A"
echo "该用户的UID：cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$1~/^'$A'$/{print}'|awk -F: '{print $3}'"
echo "该用户的组为：id $A | awk {'print $3'}"
echo "该用户的GID为：cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$1~/^'$A'$/{print}'|awk -F: '{print $4}'"
echo "该用户的家目录为：cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$1~/^'$A'$/{print}'|awk -F: '{print $6}'"
Login=cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$1~/^'$A'$/{print}'|awk -F: '{print $7}'
if [ $Login == "/bin/bash" ];then echo "该用户有登录系统的权限！！" echo "------------------------------" elif [$ Login == "/sbin/nologin" ];then
echo "该用户没有登录系统的权限！！"
echo "------------------------------"
fi
fi

四、加固系统的一些配置

! /bin/bash
read -p "设置密码最多可多少天不修改：" A
read -p "设置密码修改之间最小的天数：" B
read -p "设置密码最短的长度：" C
read -p "设置密码失效前多少天通知用户：" D
sed -i '/^PASS_MAX_DAYS/c\PASS_MAX_DAYS ' $A'' /etc/login.defs sed -i '/^PASS_MIN_DAYS/c\PASS_MIN_DAYS '$ B'' /etc/login.defs
sed -i '/^PASS_MIN_LEN/c\PASS_MIN_LEN ' $C'' /etc/login.defs sed -i '/^PASS_WARN_AGE/c\PASS_WARN_AGE '$ D'' /etc/login.defs

echo "已对密码进行加固，新用户不得和旧密码相同，且新密码必须同时包含数字、小写字母，大写字母！！"
sed -i '/pam_pwquality.so/c\password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_users_only retry=3 authtok_type= difok=1 minlen=8 ucredit=-1 lcredit=-1 dcredit=-1' /etc/pam.d/system-auth

echo "已对密码进行加固，如果输入错误密码超过3次，则锁定账户！！"
n=cat /etc/pam.d/sshd | grep "auth required pam_tally2.so "|wc -l
if [ $n -eq 0 ];then
sed -i '/%PAM-1.0/a\auth required pam_tally2.so deny=3 unlock_time=150 even_deny_root root_unlock_time300' /etc/pam.d/sshd
fi

echo "已设置禁止root用户远程登录！！"
sed -i '/PermitRootLogin/c\PermitRootLogin no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

read -p "设置历史命令保存条数：" E
read -p "设置账户自动注销时间：" F
sed -i '/^HISTSIZE/c\HISTSIZE=' $E'' /etc/profile sed -i '/^HISTSIZE/a\TMOUT='$ F'' /etc/profile

echo "已设置只允许wheel组的用户可以使用su命令切换到root用户！"
sed -i '/pam_wheel.so use_uid/c\auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid ' /etc/pam.d/su
n=cat /etc/login.defs | grep SU_WHEEL_ONLY | wc -l
if [ $n -eq 0 ];then
echo SU_WHEEL_ONLY yes >> /etc/login.defs
fi

echo "即将对系统中的账户进行检查...."
echo "系统中有登录权限的用户有："
awk -F: '( $7=="/bin/bash"){print$ 1}' /etc/passwd
echo "********************************************"
echo "系统中UID=0的用户有："
awk -F: '( $3=="0"){print$ 1}' /etc/passwd
echo "********************************************"
N=awk -F: '($2==""){print $1}' /etc/shadow|wc -l
echo "系统中空密码用户有： $N" if [$ N -eq 0 ];then
echo "恭喜你，系统中无空密码用户！！"
echo "********************************************"
else
i=1
while [ $N -gt 0 ] do None=`awk -F: '($ 2==""){print $1}' /etc/shadow|awk 'NR=='$ i'{print}'echo "------------------------" echo $None echo "必须为空用户设置密码！！" passwd $None let N-- done M=awk -F: '( $2==""){print$ 1}' /etc/shadow|wc -l`
if [ $M -eq 0 ];then echo "恭喜，系统中已经没有空密码用户了！" else echo "系统中还存在空密码用户：$ M"
fi
fi

echo "即将对系统中重要文件进行锁定，锁定后将无法添加删除用户和组"
read -p "警告：此脚本运行后将无法添加删除用户和组！！确定输入Y，取消输入N；Y/N：" i
case $i in
[Y,y])
chattr +i /etc/passwd
chattr +i /etc/shadow
chattr +i /etc/group
chattr +i /etc/gshadow
echo "锁定成功！"
;;
[N,n])
chattr -i /etc/passwd
chattr -i /etc/shadow
chattr -i /etc/group
chattr -i /etc/gshadow
echo "取消锁定成功！！"
;;
*)
echo "请输入Y/y or N/n"
esac

2018-11-23