ajax方法实现

123123123z
ajax是最常用的http请求的方式。

这里做了一个可以兼a 容个浏览器的ajax方法，与大家分享一下，如果方法写的有问题可以在下方留言。

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var type
try {
  type = require('type-of')
} catch (ex) {
  //hide from browserify
  var r = require
  type = r('type')
}

var jsonpID = 0,
    document = window.document,
    key,
    name,
    rscript = /<script\b[^<]*(?:(?!<\/script>)<[^<]*)*<\/script>/gi,
    scriptTypeRE = /^(?:text|application)\/javascript/i,
    xmlTypeRE = /^(?:text|application)\/xml/i,
    jsonType = 'application/json',
    htmlType = 'text/html',
    blankRE = /^\s*$/

var ajax = module.exports = function(options){
  var settings = extend({}, options || {})
  for (key in ajax.settings) if (settings[key] === undefined) settings[key] = ajax.settings[key]

  ajaxStart(settings)

  if (!settings.crossDomain) settings.crossDomain = /^([\w-]+:)?\/\/([^\/]+)/.test(settings.url) &&
    RegExp.$2 != window.location.host

  var dataType = settings.dataType, hasPlaceholder = /=\?/.test(settings.url)
  if (dataType == 'jsonp' || hasPlaceholder) {
    if (!hasPlaceholder) settings.url = appendQuery(settings.url, 'callback=?')
    return ajax.JSONP(settings)
  }

  if (!settings.url) settings.url = window.location.toString()
  serializeData(settings)

  var mime = settings.accepts[dataType],
      baseHeaders = { },
      protocol = /^([\w-]+:)\/\//.test(settings.url) ? RegExp.$1 : window.location.protocol,
      xhr = ajax.settings.xhr(), abortTimeout

  if (!settings.crossDomain) baseHeaders['X-Requested-With'] = 'XMLHttpRequest'
  if (mime) {
    baseHeaders['Accept'] = mime
    if (mime.indexOf(',') > -1) mime = mime.split(',', 2)[0]
    xhr.overrideMimeType && xhr.overrideMimeType(mime)
  }
  if (settings.contentType || (settings.data && settings.type.toUpperCase() != 'GET'))
    baseHeaders['Content-Type'] = (settings.contentType || 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
  settings.headers = extend(baseHeaders, settings.headers || {})

  xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
    if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
      clearTimeout(abortTimeout)
      var result, error = false
      if ((xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 300) || xhr.status == 304 || (xhr.status == 0 && protocol == 'file:')) {
        dataType = dataType || mimeToDataType(xhr.getResponseHeader('content-type'))
        result = xhr.responseText

        try {
          if (dataType == 'script')    (1,eval)(result)
          else if (dataType == 'xml')  result = xhr.responseXML
          else if (dataType == 'json') result = blankRE.test(result) ? null : JSON.parse(result)
        } catch (e) { error = e }

        if (error) ajaxError(error, 'parsererror', xhr, settings)
        else ajaxSuccess(result, xhr, settings)
      } else {
        ajaxError(null, 'error', xhr, settings)
      }
    }
  }

  var async = 'async' in settings ? settings.async : true
  xhr.open(settings.type, settings.url, async)

  for (name in settings.headers) xhr.setRequestHeader(name, settings.headers[name])

  if (ajaxBeforeSend(xhr, settings) === false) {
    xhr.abort()
    return false
  }

  if (settings.timeout > 0) abortTimeout = setTimeout(function(){
      xhr.onreadystatechange = empty
      xhr.abort()
      ajaxError(null, 'timeout', xhr, settings)
    }, settings.timeout)

  // avoid sending empty string (#319)
  xhr.send(settings.data ? settings.data : null)
  return xhr
}


// trigger a custom event and return false if it was cancelled
function triggerAndReturn(context, eventName, data) {
  //todo: Fire off some events
  //var event = $.Event(eventName)
  //$(context).trigger(event, data)
  return true;//!event.defaultPrevented
}

// trigger an Ajax "global" event
function triggerGlobal(settings, context, eventName, data) {
  if (settings.global) return triggerAndReturn(context || document, eventName, data)
}

// Number of active Ajax requests
ajax.active = 0

function ajaxStart(settings) {
  if (settings.global && ajax.active++ === 0) triggerGlobal(settings, null, 'ajaxStart')
}
function ajaxStop(settings) {
  if (settings.global && !(--ajax.active)) triggerGlobal(settings, null, 'ajaxStop')
}

// triggers an extra global event "ajaxBeforeSend" that's like "ajaxSend" but cancelable
function ajaxBeforeSend(xhr, settings) {
  var context = settings.context
  if (settings.beforeSend.call(context, xhr, settings) === false ||
      triggerGlobal(settings, context, 'ajaxBeforeSend', [xhr, settings]) === false)
    return false

  triggerGlobal(settings, context, 'ajaxSend', [xhr, settings])
}
function ajaxSuccess(data, xhr, settings) {
  var context = settings.context, status = 'success'
  settings.success.call(context, data, status, xhr)
  triggerGlobal(settings, context, 'ajaxSuccess', [xhr, settings, data])
  ajaxComplete(status, xhr, settings)
}
// type: "timeout", "error", "abort", "parsererror"
function ajaxError(error, type, xhr, settings) {
  var context = settings.context
  settings.error.call(context, xhr, type, error)
  triggerGlobal(settings, context, 'ajaxError', [xhr, settings, error])
  ajaxComplete(type, xhr, settings)
}
// status: "success", "notmodified", "error", "timeout", "abort", "parsererror"
function ajaxComplete(status, xhr, settings) {
  var context = settings.context
  settings.complete.call(context, xhr, status)
  triggerGlobal(settings, context, 'ajaxComplete', [xhr, settings])
  ajaxStop(settings)
}

// Empty function, used as default callback
function empty() {}

ajax.JSONP = function(options){
  if (!('type' in options)) return ajax(options)

  var callbackName = 'jsonp' + (++jsonpID),
    script = document.createElement('script'),
    abort = function(){
      //todo: remove script
      //$(script).remove()
      if (callbackName in window) window[callbackName] = empty
      ajaxComplete('abort', xhr, options)
    },
    xhr = { abort: abort }, abortTimeout,
    head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0]
      || document.documentElement

  if (options.error) script.onerror = function() {
    xhr.abort()
    options.error()
  }

  window[callbackName] = function(data){
    clearTimeout(abortTimeout)
      //todo: remove script
      //$(script).remove()
    delete window[callbackName]
    ajaxSuccess(data, xhr, options)
  }

  serializeData(options)
  script.src = options.url.replace(/=\?/, '=' + callbackName)

  // Use insertBefore instead of appendChild to circumvent an IE6 bug.
  // This arises when a base node is used (see jQuery bugs #2709 and #4378).
  head.insertBefore(script, head.firstChild);

  if (options.timeout > 0) abortTimeout = setTimeout(function(){
      xhr.abort()
      ajaxComplete('timeout', xhr, options)
    }, options.timeout)

  return xhr
}

ajax.settings = {
  // Default type of request
  type: 'GET',
  // Callback that is executed before request
  beforeSend: empty,
  // Callback that is executed if the request succeeds
  success: empty,
  // Callback that is executed the the server drops error
  error: empty,
  // Callback that is executed on request complete (both: error and success)
  complete: empty,
  // The context for the callbacks
  context: null,
  // Whether to trigger "global" Ajax events
  global: true,
  // Transport
  xhr: function () {
    return new window.XMLHttpRequest()
  },
  // MIME types mapping
  accepts: {
    script: 'text/javascript, application/javascript',
    json:   jsonType,
    xml:    'application/xml, text/xml',
    html:   htmlType,
    text:   'text/plain'
  },
  // Whether the request is to another domain
  crossDomain: false,
  // Default timeout
  timeout: 0
}

function mimeToDataType(mime) {
  return mime && ( mime == htmlType ? 'html' :
    mime == jsonType ? 'json' :
    scriptTypeRE.test(mime) ? 'script' :
    xmlTypeRE.test(mime) && 'xml' ) || 'text'
}

function appendQuery(url, query) {
  return (url + '&' + query).replace(/[&?]{1,2}/, '?')
}

// serialize payload and append it to the URL for GET requests
function serializeData(options) {
  if (type(options.data) === 'object') options.data = param(options.data)
  if (options.data && (!options.type || options.type.toUpperCase() == 'GET'))
    options.url = appendQuery(options.url, options.data)
}

ajax.get = function(url, success){ return ajax({ url: url, success: success }) }

ajax.post = function(url, data, success, dataType){
  if (type(data) === 'function') dataType = dataType || success, success = data, data = null
  return ajax({ type: 'POST', url: url, data: data, success: success, dataType: dataType })
}

ajax.getJSON = function(url, success){
  return ajax({ url: url, success: success, dataType: 'json' })
}

var escape = encodeURIComponent

function serialize(params, obj, traditional, scope){
  var array = type(obj) === 'array';
  for (var key in obj) {
    var value = obj[key];

    if (scope) key = traditional ? scope : scope + '[' + (array ? '' : key) + ']'
    // handle data in serializeArray() format
    if (!scope && array) params.add(value.name, value.value)
    // recurse into nested objects
    else if (traditional ? (type(value) === 'array') : (type(value) === 'object'))
      serialize(params, value, traditional, key)
    else params.add(key, value)
  }
}

function param(obj, traditional){
  var params = []
  params.add = function(k, v){ this.push(escape(k) + '=' + escape(v)) }
  serialize(params, obj, traditional)
  return params.join('&').replace('%20', '+')
}

function extend(target) {
  var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
  slice.call(arguments, 1).forEach(function(source) {
    for (key in source)
      if (source[key] !== undefined)
        target[key] = source[key]
  })
  return target
}