Mac 下 Oh my zsh + iTerm2 初体验

iTerm2是 Terminal 的替代品，也是 iTerm 的继承者。它适用于 macOS 10.12或更新版本的 mac 电脑。 iTerm2将终端带入了现代社会，带来了一些你从来不知道自己一直想要的功能。

iTerm

下载的是压缩文件，解压后是执行程序文件，你可以直接双击，或者直接将它拖到 Applications 目录下。
或者你可以直接使用 Homebrew 进行安装：

$ brew cask install iterm2

安装好之后，需要把 Zsh 设置为当前用户的默认 Shell（这样新建标签的时候才会使用 Zsh）：

将一个选项卡划分为多个窗格，每个窗格显示不同的会话。您可以垂直和水平切片，并创建任何数量的窗格在任何可以想象的安排。请注意，非活动窗格稍微变暗，因此很容易看到哪些窗格是活动的。

image
注册一个热键，当您在另一个应用程序中时，它会将 iTerm2带到前台。一个终端总是离键盘一步之遥。您可以选择让热键打开一个专用窗口。
Iterm2具有强大的页面查找功能。用户界面不会碍事。所有匹配都会立即突出显示。甚至还提供了正则表达式支持！

image

iTerm2 快速隐藏和显示

这个功能也非常使用，就是通过快捷键，可以快速的隐藏和打开 iTerm2，示例配置（Commond + .）：

image

Oh my zsh

通过在终端中运行以下命令之一，可以安装 myzsh。您可以通过命令行使用 curl 或 wget 来安装它。

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

或者

sh -c "$(wget -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

安装好之后，需要把 Zsh 设置为当前用户的默认 Shell（这样新建标签的时候才会使用 Zsh）：
To update your account to use zsh, please run chsh -s /bin/zsh.

You'll need to remove /Users/用户XXX/.oh-my-zsh if you want to reinstall.

换主题
打开～/.zshrc。oh my zsh提供了数十种主题，相关文件在~/.oh-my-zsh/themes下。
若要使用不同的主题，只需更改值以匹配所需主题的名称。例如:

vim ~/.zshrc编辑

ZSH_THEME="agnoster" # (this is one of the fancy ones)
# see https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes#agnoster

如果你感觉精力充沛，你可以让计算机在你每次打开一个新的终端窗口时为你随机选择一个。

ZSH_THEME="random" # (...please let it be pie... please be some pie..)

如果你想从你最喜欢的主题列表中随机选择主题:

ZSH_THEME_RANDOM_CANDIDATES=(
  "robbyrussell"
  "agnoster"
)

注意每次添加插件以后，都要进行source .zshrc一下，让这些插件运行起来。

Enabling Plugins 启用插件

一旦你发现一个插件(或者几个) ，你想用 Oh My Zsh，你需要在。 Zshrc 文件。您将在 $HOME 目录中找到 zshrc 文件。用你最喜欢的文本编辑器打开它，你会看到一个地方列出所有你想要加载的插件。 `$ ZSH/plugins: oh-my-zsh 官方插件目录，该目录已经预装了很多实用的插件，只不过没激活而已；$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins`: oh-my-zsh 第三方插件目录；

vi ~/.zshrc

For example, this might begin to look like this:

plugins=(
  git
  bundler
  dotenv
  osx
  rake
  rbenv
  ruby
)

Note that the plugins are separated by whitespace. Do not use commas between them.
请注意，这些插件是用空格分隔的。不要在它们之间使用逗号。

git插件

https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/tree/master/plugins/git

The git plugin provides many aliases and a few useful functions.

To use it, add git to the plugins array in your zshrc file:

plugins=(... git)

Aliases

Alias	Command
g	git
ga	git add
gaa	git add --all
gapa	git add --patch
gau	git add --update
gav	git add --verbose
gap	git apply
gb	git branch
gba	git branch -a
gbd	git branch -d
gbda	`git branch --no-color --merged \| command grep -vE "^(+	*\|\s(master\|develop\|dev)\s$)" \| command xargs -n 1 git branch -d`
gbD	git branch -D
gbl	git blame -b -w
gbnm	git branch --no-merged
gbr	git branch --remote
gbs	git bisect
gbsb	git bisect bad
gbsg	git bisect good
gbsr	git bisect reset
gbss	git bisect start
gc	git commit -v
gc!	git commit -v --amend
gcn!	git commit -v --no-edit --amend
gca	git commit -v -a
gca!	git commit -v -a --amend
gcan!	git commit -v -a --no-edit --amend
gcans!	git commit -v -a -s --no-edit --amend
gcam	git commit -a -m
gcsm	git commit -s -m
gcb	git checkout -b
gcf	git config --list
gcl	git clone --recurse-submodules
gclean	git clean -id
gpristine	git reset --hard && git clean -dfx
gcm	git checkout master
gcd	git checkout develop
gcmsg	git commit -m
gco	git checkout
gcount	git shortlog -sn
gcp	git cherry-pick
gcpa	git cherry-pick --abort
gcpc	git cherry-pick --continue
gcs	git commit -S
gd	git diff
gdca	git diff --cached
gdcw	git diff --cached --word-diff
gdct	git describe --tags $(git rev-list --tags --max-count=1)
gds	git diff --staged
gdt	git diff-tree --no-commit-id --name-only -r
gdv	git diff -w $@ \| view -
gdw	git diff --word-diff
gf	git fetch
gfa	git fetch --all --prune
gfg	git ls-files \| grep
gfo	git fetch origin
gg	git gui citool
gga	git gui citool --amend
ggf	git push --force origin $(current_branch)
ggfl	git push --force-with-lease origin $(current_branch)
ggl	git pull origin $(current_branch)
ggp	git push origin $(current_branch)
ggpnp	ggl && ggp
ggpull	git pull origin "$(git_current_branch)"
ggpur	ggu
ggpush	git push origin "$(git_current_branch)"
ggsup	git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/$(git_current_branch)
ggu	git pull --rebase origin $(current_branch)
gpsup	git push --set-upstream origin $(git_current_branch)
ghh	git help
gignore	git update-index --assume-unchanged
gignored	git ls-files -v \| grep "^[[:lower:]]"
git-svn-dcommit-push	git svn dcommit && git push github master:svntrunk
gk	gitk --all --branches
gke	gitk --all $(git log -g --pretty=%h)
gl	git pull
glg	git log --stat
glgp	git log --stat -p
glgg	git log --graph
glgga	git log --graph --decorate --all
glgm	git log --graph --max-count=10
glo	git log --oneline --decorate
glol	git log --graph --pretty='%Cred%h%Creset -%C(auto)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset'
glols	git log --graph --pretty='%Cred%h%Creset -%C(auto)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --stat
glod	git log --graph --pretty='%Cred%h%Creset -%C(auto)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%ad) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset'
glods	git log --graph --pretty='%Cred%h%Creset -%C(auto)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%ad) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --date=short
glola	git log --graph --pretty='%Cred%h%Creset -%C(auto)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --all
glog	git log --oneline --decorate --graph
gloga	git log --oneline --decorate --graph --all
glp	`_git_log_prettily`
gm	git merge
gmom	git merge origin/master
gmt	git mergetool --no-prompt
gmtvim	git mergetool --no-prompt --tool=vimdiff
gmum	git merge upstream/master
gma	git merge --abort
gp	git push
gpd	git push --dry-run
gpf	git push --force-with-lease
gpf!	git push --force
gpoat	git push origin --all && git push origin --tags
gpu	git push upstream
gpv	git push -v
gr	git remote
gra	git remote add
grb	git rebase
grba	git rebase --abort
grbc	git rebase --continue
grbd	git rebase develop
grbi	git rebase -i
grbm	git rebase master
grbs	git rebase --skip
grev	git revert
grh	git reset
grhh	git reset --hard
groh	git reset origin/$(git_current_branch) --hard
grm	git rm
grmc	git rm --cached
grmv	git remote rename
grrm	git remote remove
grs	git restore
grset	git remote set-url
grss	git restore --source
grt	cd "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel \|\| echo .)"
gru	git reset --
grup	git remote update
grv	git remote -v
gsb	git status -sb
gsd	git svn dcommit
gsh	git show
gsi	git submodule init
gsps	git show --pretty=short --show-signature
gsr	git svn rebase
gss	git status -s
gst	git status
gsta	git stash push
gsta	git stash save
gstaa	git stash apply
gstc	git stash clear
gstd	git stash drop
gstl	git stash list
gstp	git stash pop
gsts	git stash show --text
gstall	git stash --all
gsu	git submodule update
gsw	git switch
gswc	git switch -c
gts	git tag -s
gtv	git tag \| sort -V
gtl	gtl(){ git tag --sort=-v:refname -n -l ${1}* }; noglob gtl
gunignore	git update-index --no-assume-unchanged
gunwip	git log -n 1 \| grep -q -c "--wip--" && git reset HEAD~1
gup	git pull --rebase
gupv	git pull --rebase -v
gupa	git pull --rebase --autostash
gupav	git pull --rebase --autostash -v
glum	git pull upstream master
gwch	git whatchanged -p --abbrev-commit --pretty=medium
gwip	git add -A; git rm $(git ls-files --deleted) 2> /dev/null; git commit --no-verify --no-gpg-sign -m "--wip-- [skip ci]"

web-search plugin

This plugin adds aliases for searching with Google, Wiki, Bing, YouTube and other popular services.

Open your ~/.zshrc file and enable the web-search plugin:

plugins=( ... web-search)

Usage 用法

You can use the web-search plugin in these two forms:

web_search <context> <term> [more terms if you want]
<context> <term> [more terms if you want]

For example, these two are equivalent:

$ web_search google oh-my-zsh
$ google oh-my-zsh

Available search contexts are:

Context	URL
`bing`	`https://www.bing.com/search?q=`
`google`	`https://www.google.com/search?q=`
`yahoo`	`https://search.yahoo.com/search?p=`
`ddg` or `duckduckgo`	`https://www.duckduckgo.com/?q=`
`sp` or `startpage`	`https://www.startpage.com/do/search?q=`
`yandex`	`https://yandex.ru/yandsearch?text=`
`github`	`https://github.com/search?q=`
`baidu`	`https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=`
`ecosia`	`https://www.ecosia.org/search?q=`
`goodreads`	`https://www.goodreads.com/search?q=`
`qwant`	`https://www.qwant.com/?q=`
`givero`	`https://www.givero.com/search?q=`
`stackoverflow`	`https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=`

高亮插件

sudo git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

然后编辑配置文件，$ vim ~/.zshrc 添加以下内容:

source $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh

zsh-autosuggestions

git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

Add the plugin to the list of plugins for Oh My Zsh to load (inside ~/.zshrc):

plugins=(zsh-autosuggestions)

# hightlight 插件前景色, 背景色, 字体配置
ZSH_AUTOSUGGEST_HIGHLIGHT_STYLE="fg=#BABABA,bg=#66666A,bold,underline"

Powerlevel9k主题

$ git clone https://github.com/bhilburn/powerlevel9k.git ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/themes/powerlevel9k

You then need to select this theme in your ~/.zshrc:

ZSH_THEME="powerlevel9k/powerlevel9k"

原版配色我很不喜欢, 蓝色和绿色太纯正. 可以自己换一些配色

image

如果出现乱码, 说明需要安装Powerline字体
mac下的直接执行命令或者根据提供的GitHub地址手动下载并安装也行

cd ~/Library/Fonts && curl -fLo "Droid Sans Mono for Powerline Nerd Font Complete.otf" https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/raw/master/patched-fonts/DroidSansMono/complete/Droid%20Sans%20Mono%20Nerd%20Font%20Complete.otf

启用该字体
After installing nerd-fonts and configuring your terminal emulator to use one, configure Powerlevel9k by putting the following in your ~/.zshrc:

尼玛不管source ~/.zshrc还是重启终端还是未生效, 结果需要在iTerm中设置一下就搞定了.

image

去掉左侧默认的命令提示符为 user@userdemackbookPro，这样的提示符配合 powerlevel9k 主题太过冗长，因此我选择将该冗长的提示符去掉，在 ~/.zshrc 配置文件后面追加如下内容：

# 默认主题 
# ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"

# 使用powerlevel9k主题
ZSH_THEME="powerlevel9k/powerlevel9k"
# Powerlevel9k主题的字体
POWERLEVEL9K_MODE="nerdfont-complete"
# 注意：DEFAULT_USER 的值必须要是系统用户名才能生效
DEFAULT_USER="ale"
# 左右元素
POWERLEVEL9K_LEFT_PROMPT_ELEMENTS=(ssh dir vcs)
POWERLEVEL9K_RIGHT_PROMPT_ELEMENTS=(command_execution_time status background_jobs time)
# 貌似和iTerm冲突, 我也是醉了
# POWERLEVEL9K_COLOR_SCHEME='dark'
# -------------------------------- POWERLEVEL ---------------------------------
POWERLEVEL9K_PROMPT_ON_NEWLINE=true
POWERLEVEL9K_RPROMPT_ON_NEWLINE=true
POWERLEVEL9K_SHORTEN_DIR_LENGTH=2
POWERLEVEL9K=truncate_beginning
POWERLEVEL9K_TIME_BACKGROUND=black
POWERLEVEL9K_TIME_FOREGROUND=white
POWERLEVEL9K_TIME_FORMAT=%D{%I:%M}
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_VERBOSE=false
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_CLEAN_FOREGROUND=black
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_CLEAN_BACKGROUND=green
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_UNTRACKED_FOREGROUND=black
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_UNTRACKED_BACKGROUND=yellow
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_MODIFIED_FOREGROUND=white
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_MODIFIED_BACKGROUND=black
POWERLEVEL9K_COMMAND_EXECUTION_TIME_BACKGROUND=black
POWERLEVEL9K_COMMAND_EXECUTION_TIME_FOREGROUND=blue
POWERLEVEL9K_FOLDER_ICON=
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_OK_IN_NON_VERBOSE=true
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_VERBOSE=false
POWERLEVEL9K_COMMAND_EXECUTION_TIME_THRESHOLD=0
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_UNTRACKED_ICON=●
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_UNSTAGED_ICON=±
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_INCOMING_CHANGES_ICON=↓
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_OUTGOING_CHANGES_ICON=↑
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_COMMIT_ICON=' '
POWERLEVEL9K_MULTILINE_FIRST_PROMPT_PREFIX='%F{blue}╭─%F{red}'
POWERLEVEL9K_MULTILINE_LAST_PROMPT_PREFIX='%F{blue}╰%f '
POWERLEVEL9K_CUSTOM_OS_ICON='echo   $(whoami) '
POWERLEVEL9K_CUSTOM_OS_ICON_BACKGROUND=red
POWERLEVEL9K_CUSTOM_OS_ICON_FOREGROUND=white
# -------------------------------- POWERLEVEL ---------------------------------

参考

https://github.com/Powerlevel9k/powerlevel9k