地理编码：根据给定的位置(通常是地名)，确定地理坐标(经纬度)
反地理编码：根据给定地理坐标(经纬度)，确定位置信息(街道，门牌等等)

#import "GeocoderOneViewController.h"
//引入定位头文件（用于地理定位）
#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
@interface GeocoderOneViewController ()
/* 声明地理编码属性 */
@property (strong,nonatomic) CLGeocoder *geocoder;
@end

@implementation GeocoderOneViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    //初始化编码对象
    self.geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];
//    [self getCoordinateByAddress:@"北京市"];
    [self getAddressByLatitude:40.0305627852 Longitude:116.3435577061];
}
#pragma mark --- 地理编码 ---
- (void)getCoordinateByAddress:(NSString *)address{
    [self.geocoder geocodeAddressString:address completionHandler:^(NSArray<CLPlacemark *> * _Nullable placemarks, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        //获取第一个地标，地标中存储了详细的地址信息。注意：一个地名可能搜索出多个地址
        CLPlacemark *placeMark = [placemarks firstObject];
        //获取位置
        CLLocation *location = placeMark.location;
        //获取区域
        CLRegion *region = placeMark.region;
        //地名
        NSString *name = placeMark.name;
        
        NSDictionary *dic = placeMark.addressDictionary;
        //街道
        NSString *thoroughfare = placeMark.thoroughfare;
        //街道相关信息
        NSString *subThoroughfare = placeMark.subThoroughfare;
        
        //城市
        NSString *locality = placeMark.locality;
        //州
        NSString *administraiveArea = placeMark.administrativeArea;
        //其他行政区域信息
        NSString *subAdministrativeArea = placeMark.subAdministrativeArea;
        //邮编
        NSString *postalCode = placeMark.postalCode;
        //国家编码
        NSString *ISOcountryCode = placeMark.ISOcountryCode;
        //国家
        NSString *country = placeMark.country;
        //水源，湖泊
        NSString *inlandWater = placeMark.inlandWater;
        //海洋
        NSString *ocean = placeMark.ocean;
        //关联或者利益相关的地标
        NSArray *areasOfInterest = placeMark.areasOfInterest;
        
        NSLog(@"位置：%@，区域：%@，详细信息：%@，name：%@，街道：%@,街道详情%@",location,region,dic,name,thoroughfare,subThoroughfare);
    }];
}

#pragma mark --- 反地理编码 ---
- (void)getAddressByLatitude:(CLLocationDegrees)latitude Longitude:(CLLocationDegrees)longitude{
    //初始化位置信息
    CLLocation *location = [[CLLocation alloc] initWithLatitude:latitude longitude:longitude];
    
    //反地理编码方法
    [self.geocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:location completionHandler:^(NSArray<CLPlacemark *> * placemarks, NSError * error) {
        //取地标中的第一个
        CLPlacemark *placeMark = [placemarks firstObject];
        NSLog(@"详细信息：%@",placeMark.addressDictionary);
    }];
}
@end