监听器Listener
监听器就是监听某个对象的的状态变化的组件。监听器的相关概念事件源:
- 被监听的对象(三个域对象 request,session,servletContext)
- 监听器:监听事件源对象, 事件源对象的状态的变化都会触发监听器 。
- 注册监听器:将监听器与事件源进行绑定。
- 响应行为:监听器监听到事件源的状态变化时,所涉及的功能代码(程序员编写代码)
按照被监听的对象划分:ServletRequest域 ;HttpSession域 ;ServletContext域。按照监听的内容分:监听域对象的创建与销毁的; 监听域对象的属性变化的。
三大域对象的创建与销毁的监听器
ServletContextListener
监听ServletContext域的创建与销毁的监听器,Servlet域的生命周期:在服务器启动创建,服务器关闭时销毁;监听器的编写步骤:
- 编写一个监听器类去实现监听器接口
- 覆盖监听器的方法
ServletContextListener监听器的主要作用:
初始化的工作:初始化对象;初始化数据。
例子:MyServletContextListener.java
@WebListener()
public class MyServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener{
@Override
//监听context域对象的创建
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
System.out.println("context创建了....");
}
//监听context域对象的销毁
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
System.out.println("context销毁了....");
}
}
HttpSessionListener
监听Httpsession域的创建与销毁的监听器。HttpSession对象的生命周期:第一次调用request.getSession时创建;销毁有以下几种情况(服务器关闭、session过期、 手动销毁)
1、HttpSessionListener的方法
/**
* Created by yang on 2017/7/27.
*/
public class listenerDemo implements HttpSessionListener {
@Override
public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
System.out.println("session创建"+httpSessionEvent.getSession().getId());
}
@Override
public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
System.out.println("session销毁");
}
}
创建session代码:
/**
* Created by yang on 2017/7/24.
*/
public class SessionDemo extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.getSession().setAttribute("code", "abc");
}
}
当创建session时,监听器中的代码将执行。
ServletRequestListener
监听ServletRequest域创建与销毁的监听器。ServletRequest的生命周期:每一次请求都会创建request,请求结束则销毁。
1、ServletRequestListener的方法
/**
* Created by yang on 2017/7/27.
*/
public class RequestListenerDemo implements ServletRequestListener {
@Override
public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent servletRequestEvent) {
System.out.println("request被销毁了");
}
@Override
public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent servletRequestEvent) {
System.out.println("request被创建了");
}
}
只要客户端发起请求,监听器中的代码就会被执行。
监听三大域对象的属性变化的
域对象的通用的方法
setAttribute(name,value)
触发添加属性的监听器的方法
触发修改属性的监听器的方法
removeAttribute(name):触发删除属性的监听器的方法
ServletContextAttibuteListener监听器
/**
* Created by yang on 2017/7/27.
*/
public class ServletContextAttrDemo implements ServletContextAttributeListener {
@Override
public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent scab) {
//放到域中的属性
System.out.println(scab.getName());//放到域中的name
System.out.println(scab.getValue());//放到域中的value
}
@Override
public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent scab) {
System.out.println(scab.getName());//删除的域中的name
System.out.println(scab.getValue());//删除的域中的value
}
@Override
public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent scab) {
System.out.println(scab.getName());//获得修改前的name
System.out.println(scab.getValue());//获得修改前的value
}
}
测试代码:
/**
* Created by yang on 2017/7/27.
*/
public class ListenerTest extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext context=getServletContext();
context.setAttribute("aaa","bbb");
context.setAttribute("aaa","ccc");
context.removeAttribute("aaa");
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}
HttpSessionAttributeListener监听器(同上)
ServletRequestAriibuteListenr监听器(同上)
绑定与解绑的监听器HttpSessionBindingListener
public class Person implements HttpSessionBindingListener{
private String id;
private String name;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
//绑定的方法
public void valueBound(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) {
System.out.println("person被绑定了");
}
@Override
//解绑方法
public void valueUnbound(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) {
System.out.println("person被解绑了");
}
}
测试类:
public class TestPersonBindingServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//将person对象绑到session中
Person p = new Person();
p.setId("100");
p.setName("zhangsanfeng");
session.setAttribute("person", p);
//将person对象从session中解绑
session.removeAttribute("person");
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
钝化与活化监听器
httpSession.setMaxInactiveInterval(-1);//永不销毁,服务器不死的情况下
自定义Customer 类
必须要实现:implements HttpSessionActivationListener,Serializable这两个接口
package www.test.domian;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionActivationListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
public class Customer implements HttpSessionActivationListener,Serializable{
private String id;
private String name;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
//钝化
public void sessionWillPassivate(HttpSessionEvent se) {
System.out.println("customer被钝化了");
}
@Override
//活化
public void sessionDidActivate(HttpSessionEvent se) {
System.out.println("customer被活化了");
}
}
配置文件context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context>
<!-- maxIdleSwap:session中的对象多长时间不使用就钝化,单位分钟 -->
<!-- directory:钝化后的对象的文件写到磁盘的哪个目录下 配置钝化的对象文件在 work/catalina/localhost/钝化文件 -->
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager" maxIdleSwap="1">
<Store className="org.apache.catalina.session.FileStore" directory="webtest23" />
</Manager>
</Context>
TestCustomerActiveServlet 测试钝化
package www.test.domian;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class TestCustomerActiveServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//将customer放到session中
Customer customer =new Customer();
customer.setId("200");
customer.setName("lucy");
session.setAttribute("customer", customer);
System.out.println("customer被放到session域中了");
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
TestCustomerActiveServlet2 测试活化
package www.test.domian;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class TestCustomerActiveServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//从session域中获得customer
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
Customer customer = (Customer) session.getAttribute("customer");
System.out.println(customer.getName());
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
钝化后文件被保存的位置:
C:\Users\ttc\.IntelliJIdea2016.2\system\tomcat\Tomcat_8_0_21_markdownDemo\work\Catalina\localhost\ROOT\webtest23
1个月免登录
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎您${userinfo.name}
<a href="LoginServlet.do?username=zhangsan">登录</a>
</body>
</html>
LoginServlet.java
@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet",urlPatterns = "/LoginServlet.do")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setName(username);
request.getSession().setAttribute("userinfo",customer);
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("JSESSIONID",request.getSession().getId());
cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24);
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
}
Customer.java
package www.test.domian;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionActivationListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
public class Customer implements HttpSessionActivationListener,Serializable{
private String id;
private String name;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
//钝化
public void sessionWillPassivate(HttpSessionEvent se) {
System.out.println("customer被钝化了");
}
@Override
//活化
public void sessionDidActivate(HttpSessionEvent se) {
System.out.println("customer被活化了");
}
}
配置文件context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context>
<!-- maxIdleSwap:session中的对象多长时间不使用就钝化,单位分钟 -->
<!-- directory:钝化后的对象的文件写到磁盘的哪个目录下 配置钝化的对象文件在 work/catalina/localhost/钝化文件 -->
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager" maxIdleSwap="1">
<Store className="org.apache.catalina.session.FileStore" directory="webtest23" />
</Manager>
</Context>