- centos7新增磁盘分区、格式化、挂载
- 在对新增加的硬盘分区之前，先查看硬盘信息
- 可以看到有两块硬盘/dev/sda和/dev/sdb
- 其中/dev/sdb是我们新增的第二块硬盘。
[root@moonyun ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000ea002
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@moonyun ~]#
下面进行分区的相关操作
1.创建分区
[root@moonyun ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0e2b08bb.
1）创建新分区
2）选择分区类型，创建主分区
3）选择分区编号
4）选择默认初始磁柱编号2048
5）选择默认截止磁柱编号+10G
6）查看新建分区的详细信息
7）更改分区类型
8）将分区结果写入分区表中
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +10G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0e2b08bb
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 20973567 10485760 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@moonyun ~]#
2.激活分区
[root@moonyun ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb
[root@moonyun ~]#
3.格式化分区
[root@moonyun ~]# mkfs
mkfs mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.fat mkfs.msdos mkfs.xfs
mkfs.btrfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.minix mkfs.vfat
[root@moonyun ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=655360 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=2621440, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@moonyun ~]#
4.建立挂载点
[root@moonyun ~]# mkdir /mydata
5.进行挂载并查看
[root@moonyun /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mydata
[root@moonyun /]#
[root@moonyun /]# df -TH
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl-root xfs 19G 4.6G 14G 25% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 496M 0 496M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 512M 144k 512M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 512M 7.5M 505M 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 512M 0 512M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1.1G 181M 883M 18% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 103M 37k 103M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 xfs 11G 34M 11G 1% /mydata
[root@moonyun /]#
表示新建分区“/dev/sdb1”已挂载至“/mydata”。
6.设置开机自动挂载磁盘
1）查询磁盘UUID
[root@moonyun /]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="3a6a067d-f28f-495c-9651-d5df6e13072d" TYPE="xfs"
[root@moonyun /]#
2）vim编辑/etc/fstab
UUID=3a6a067d-f28f-495c-9651-d5df6e13072d /mydata xfs defaults 0 2
保存退出。
7.重启服务器测试
[root@moonyun /]# df -TH
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl-root xfs 19G 4.6G 14G 25% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 496M 0 496M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 512M 144k 512M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 512M 7.5M 505M 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 512M 0 512M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1.1G 181M 883M 18% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 103M 37k 103M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 xfs 11G 34M 11G 1% /mydata
[root@moonyun /]#
可以看出已经自动挂载了。
附：自动挂载的两种方式UUID和/dev/sdb1，倒数第二行和第一行重复，做注。
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Mar 29 07:31:38 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=d91cdedb-618a-46d6-8daa-f8c0d071c272 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/cl-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
#UUID=3a6a067d-f28f-495c-9651-d5df6e13072d /mydata xfs defaults 0 2
/dev/sdb1 /mydata xfs defaults 0 2
