DAY1：

1.falsify    v.  : to make (something) false : to change (something) in order to make people believe something that is not true  篡改，伪造

e.g: My truth loving nature could never be subjected to falsify itself—I must and shall be honest and truthful.

1.1.perpetual

continuing all the time without changing or stopping

the perpetual noise of the machines

a little girl with a perpetual smile

the perpetual cycle of life and death.

永恆不变的生死循环。

a baby’s perpetual crying for attention.

婴孩哭个不停，要人注意他。

2. empirical   adj.  经验主义的

①originating in or based on observation or experience

②relying on experience or observation         alone often without due regard for system and theory

③capable of being verified or disproved by   observation or experiment

④ of or relating to empiricism

e.g:  empirical evidence/knowledge /research

an empirical study 经验式研究

empirically   adv.

e.g: ①They collected plenty ofempiricaldata from their experiments.

       ②Such claims need to be texted     empirically. 这类断言需要实践来检验。

SYN: existential, experiential, experimental, objective, observational

OPP: nonempirical, theoretical (also       theoretic), unempirical

3.hypothesis   n. (pl. Hypotheses)

：A supposition or proposed explanation  made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation  假设

e.g:  His 'steady state' hypothesis of origin the universe

4.comet

a celestial body that appears as a fuzzy head usually surrounding a bright nucleus, that has a usually highly eccentric orbit, that consists primarily of ice and dust, and that often develops one or more long tails when near the sun

Comets usually have highlyeccentricelliptical orbits, and they have a wide range oforbital periods, ranging from several years to potentially several millions of years.Short-period cometsoriginate in theKuiper beltor its associatedscattered disc, which lie beyond the orbit ofNeptune.Long-period cometsare thought to originate in theOort cloud, a spherical cloud of icy bodies extending from outside the Kuiper belt to halfway to the nearest star.[1]Long-period comets are set in motion towards the Sun from the Oort cloud bygravitational perturbationscaused bypassing starsand thegalactic tide.Hyperbolic cometsmay pass once through the inner Solar System before being flung to interstellar space. The appearance of a comet is called an apparition.

Comets are distinguished fromasteroidsby the presence of an extended, gravitationally unbound atmosphere surrounding their central nucleus. This atmosphere has parts termed the coma (the central part immediately surrounding the nucleus) and the tail (a typically linear section consisting of dust or gas blown out from the coma by the Sun's light pressure or outstreaming solar wind plasma). However,extinct cometsthat have passed close to the Sun many times have lost nearly all of theirvolatileices and dust and may come to resemble small asteroids.[2]Asteroids are thought to have a different origin from comets, having formed inside the orbit of Jupiter rather than in the outer Solar System.[3][4]The discovery ofmain-belt cometsand activecentaurminor planets has blurred thedistinction between asteroids and comets.

链接  了解更多 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet

5.orbit   n.             形式变换 orbital   adj.

1. a : a path described by one body in its revolution about another (as by the earth about the sun or by an electron about an atomic nucleus); also : one complete revolution of a body describing such a path

b : a circular path

2 : a range or sphere of activity or influence

syn:range

                                                                                                   图片发自简书App

Two bodies of different mass orbiting a common barycenter. The relative sizes and type of orbit are similar to the Pluto–Charon system.

6. Compel  v.

① to force sb to do sth; to make sth necessary :  The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children.

e.g : I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.

②  (not use in the progressive tenses) to cause a particular reaction  :  He spoke with an authority that compelled the attention of the whole crowd. (Compulsion)

7. Compelling  adj.

①  that makes you pay attention to it because it is so interesting and exciting 引人入胜的; 扣人心弦的 ［ Interesting ］

  e.g : Her latest book makes Compelling reading.

② so strong that you must do sth about it 非常强烈的; 不可抗拒的

     a compelling need/desire

③ that makes you think it is true

   e.g: ⅰ. There is no compelling reason to believe him.   ⅱ. Compelling evidence

  Compellingly  adv.

Compellingly attractive 具有无法抵抗的魅力

8.ether    n.  Also aether

: the air : the sky

Full Definition

①: the rarefied element formerly believed to fill the upper part of sky 太空；苍穹

 e.g:  Her words disappeared into the ether.         她的话消失在九霄云外。

②a also ae·ther : a medium that in the wave theory of light permeates all space and transmits transverse waves

   b : airwaves

③a: a light volatile flammable liquid C4H10O used chiefly as a solvent and especially formerly as an anesthetic 醚，乙醚

b : any of a class of organic compounds characterized by an oxygen atom attached to two carbon atoms

9. eclipse   n. v.

                                                                                       图片发自简书App

noun   ① an occasion when the moon passes between the earth and the sun so that you cannot see all or part of the sun for a time:

  an  eclipse of the sun/moon日食/月食

   a total/partial eclipse 全食;偏食

② a loss of importance, power, etc especially  because sb/sth else has become more important, powerful, etc 黯然失色

  e.g: ①The election result marked the eclipse of the right wing. 选举的结果标志着右翼的失势。

          ②  Her work was in eclipse for most of the 20th century.她的作品在20世纪大部分时间里都湮没无闻。

10. Immoral  adj.  n.

Adj. ① that lives or lasts for ever 不朽的，长生的  :  the soul is immortal.灵魂不灭。

OPP: mortal

② famous and likely to be remembered 流芳百世的 :  the immortal Goethe名垂千古的哥德

n. ① person : She is one of the Hollywood immortals.

② god

11. immortality  n.

The state of being immortal : belief in the immortality of the soul 灵魂不灭的信念

 e.g: He is well on his way to show business immortality.

变换形式:  immortalize  verb

e.g:  The poet fell in love with her and immortalized her in his verse. 诗人爱上了她，并以诗歌使她名传后世。

12. distillation   n.

① a : the process of purifying a liquid by successive evaporation and condensation

   b : a process like distillation ; also : an instance of such distilling

② : something distilled : distillate

e.g   Art is the distillation of life.  艺术是现实生活的升华。

形式变换 : distil  v. ① 蒸馏 ② 吸取...的精华; 提炼; 浓缩

e.g : The notes made on my travels were distilled into a book. 我的旅行笔记精选汇编成了一本书。

补充科技词汇：

13.phlo·gis·ton    noun

: the hypothetical principle of fire regarded formerly as a material substance

14.geocentric  adj.  with the earth as the centre

15.Higgs particle 1964年，英国物理学家彼得·希格斯（P.W.Higgs）发表了一篇学术理论文章，提出一种粒子场的存在，预言一种能吸引其他粒子进而产生质量的玻色子的存在。他认为，这种玻色子是物质的质量之源，是电子和夸克等形成质量的基础，其他粒子在这种粒子形成的场中游弋并产生惯性，进而形成质量，构筑成大千世界。2012年7月4日，当欧洲核研究组织宣布发现一种与“上帝粒子”“一致”的亚原子粒子时，希格斯说，“难以置信”。

16.Vacuum pump

: a pump for exhausting gas from an enclosed space  真空泵

                                                                                 图片发自简书App

17.crater :a large round hole in the ground made by the explosion of a bomb or by something falling from the sky  火山口

18.Star gazers 占星师; 天文学家

19.  Navigational  adj.

:navigational aids 导航器材

20. Chromosomes 染色体

A chromosome is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. Most eukaryotic(真核的) cells have a set of chromosomes (46 in humans) with the genetic material spread among them.

Day2: 思维导图

Day3: 总结

Before taking Ganbi's class, I rarely read this kind of articles. Through three days' learning, I change my mind from escaping to meeting challenge, This article talks about the development of science. First, author gave us a total definition about science.  why do people search for the truth? and how? When we read the whole article, we can find that the structure is clearly. I find in the ancient society， philosophers are play an important part in the science circle. But they have obviously misunderstanding on science. They only observe the nature through their eyes. They did no experiment.

  Until in the early 17th century, it had a logical system for the scientific process. During the time of post-modern science,  there were enthusiastic scientists sacrifice to science career. However, most of them were limited by the current social situation. Church controled the government, so they didn't allowed any words to challenge the authority. As the church lose their dominant position, modern science come to the fore.

    As Newton said,  "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." The progression of ideas are not simple and quick. There are still lots of questions on our planet. What we can make sure is that our search for the truth continues. There are  countless questions waiting to solve. 科技改变我们的生活，我们对科学的探索是永无止境的。不要满足于现状，未来有更多的谜团等着我们解开。另外，我们要权衡利弊，在科技带来便利的同时，减少科技的危害。