作者：俊达
引言
在大多数情况下，我们不需要自己编译MySQL源码，因为编译的MySQL和二进制包的内容基本一致。然而，有些特殊情况可能需要我们采用源码编译的方式安装MySQL：
- 安装非标准版本的MySQL：有些特殊的应用场景会使用到MySQL的非标准版本，这时候我们就需要编译源码来安装。
- 安装社区的patch、bugfix、扩展插件：通过源码编译，可以轻松地添加社区提供的补丁、修复程序和扩展插件，以满足特定需求。
- 禁用二进制版本中的某些特性：源码编译可以让用户选择禁用或启用某些特定功能，以满足自己的需求。
- 使用未编译的功能：有些功能可能在二进制版本中并没有被编译进去，而通过源码编译可以启用这些功能。
- 使用其他编译器优化插件：源码编译可以让用户选择使用其他编译器进行编译，或者进行一些个性化的优化设置。例如，如果我们想要使用Intel的C编译器。
- 链接一些其他基础库：源码编译可以允许用户链接其他基础库，例如使用tcmalloc等。
- 编译debug版本：通过源码编译可以生成debug版本的MySQL，用于调试和分析问题。
因此，了解MySQL源码编译安装对于学习MySQL运维来说，确实是非常有帮助的。这不仅可以帮助我们更好地理解MySQL的工作原理，还可以让我们在面对一些特殊需求时，能够更加灵活地处理。
1 下载源码
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
选择对应版本的源码包并下载
[root@box1 software]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz
--2021-03-29 05:50:54-- https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz
正在解析主机 downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.14
正在连接 downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)|137.254.60.14|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置：https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz [跟随至新的 URL]
--2021-03-29 05:50:55-- https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz
正在解析主机 cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 184.27.193.3
正在连接 cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|184.27.193.3|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：52882168 (50M) [application/x-tar-gz]
正在保存至: “mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz”
100%[================================================================================================================================================================================>] 52,882,168 2.76MB/s 用时 22s
2021-03-29 05:51:17 (2.32 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz” [52882168/52882168])
[root@box1 software]# md5sum mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz
fd78ae35fb019656a7a9cb5361e96201 mysql-boost-5.7.32.tar.gz
2 解压代码
[root@box1 software]# tar xzf mysql-5.7.32.tar.gz
[root@box1 software]# ls -l
总用量 54844
drwxr-xr-x. 35 7161 31415 4096 9月 23 2020 mysql-5.7.32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56154080 3月 29 05:04 mysql-5.7.32.tar.gz
3 编译安装
编译依赖条件
| 软件 |
|---|
| cmake |
| make |
| c/c++编译器 |
| boost c++库 |
| ssl库 |
编译选项
进入mysql源码目录
# cmake -L
CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:88 (MESSAGE):
You can download it with -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=<directory>
This CMake script will look for boost in <directory>. If it is not there,
it will download and unpack it (in that directory) for you.
-- Cache values
CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=RelWithDebInfo
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr/local/mysql
COMMUNITY_BUILD:BOOL=ON
DOWNLOAD_BOOST:BOOL=OFF
DOWNLOAD_BOOST_TIMEOUT:STRING=600
ENABLED_PROFILING:BOOL=ON
ENABLE_DTRACE:BOOL=ON
ENABLE_GCOV:BOOL=OFF
ENABLE_GPROF:BOOL=OFF
ENABLE_MEMCACHED_SASL:BOOL=OFF
ENABLE_MEMCACHED_SASL_PWDB:BOOL=OFF
FEATURE_SET:STRING=community
INSTALL_LAYOUT:STRING=STANDALONE
MYSQL_DATADIR:PATH=/usr/local/mysql/data
MYSQL_KEYRINGDIR:PATH=/usr/local/mysql/keyring
OPTIMIZER_TRACE:BOOL=ON
REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD:BOOL=OFF
TMPDIR:PATH=P_tmpdir
WITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=ON
WITH_ASAN:BOOL=OFF
WITH_ASAN_SCOPE:BOOL=OFF
WITH_AUTHENTICATION_LDAP:BOOL=OFF
WITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=ON
WITH_BOOST:PATH=
WITH_CLIENT_PROTOCOL_TRACING:BOOL=ON
WITH_DEBUG:BOOL=OFF
WITH_DEFAULT_COMPILER_OPTIONS:BOOL=ON
WITH_DEFAULT_FEATURE_SET:BOOL=ON
WITH_EDITLINE:STRING=bundled
WITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER:BOOL=ON
WITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all
WITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=ON
WITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=ON
WITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED:BOOL=OFF
WITH_LZ4:STRING=bundled
WITH_MSAN:BOOL=OFF
WITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=ON
WITH_RAPID:BOOL=ON
WITH_SSL:STRING=system
WITH_TEST_TRACE_PLUGIN:BOOL=OFF
WITH_UBSAN:BOOL=OFF
WITH_UNIT_TESTS:BOOL=ON
WITH_VALGRIND:BOOL=OFF
WITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled
下载boost
下载 boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
解压
/root/software/boost_1_59_0
执行cmake
cmake . -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
-DMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/app/dtstack/mysql \
-DCOMPILATION_COMMENT="lazybug" \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/root/software/boost_1_59_0 \
-DWITH_SSL=system
-- Running cmake version 2.8.12.2
-- Configuring with MAX_INDEXES = 64U
-- CMAKE_GENERATOR: Unix Makefiles
-- SIZEOF_VOIDP 8
-- MySQL 5.7.32
-- Packaging as: mysql-5.7.32-Linux-x86_64
-- Local boost dir /root/software/boost_1_59_0
-- Found /root/software/boost_1_59_0/boost/version.hpp
-- BOOST_VERSION_NUMBER is #define BOOST_VERSION 105900
-- BOOST_INCLUDE_DIR /root/software/boost_1_59_0
....
-- COMPILE_DEFINITIONS: _GNU_SOURCE;_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64;HAVE_CONFIG_H
-- CMAKE_C_FLAGS: -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security -Wvla -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror
-- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS: -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security -Wvla -Woverloaded-virtual -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror
-- CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS:
-- CMAKE_CXX_LINK_FLAGS:
-- CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG: -g -fabi-version=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC -DSAFE_MUTEX
-- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG: -g -fabi-version=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC -DSAFE_MUTEX
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/software/mysql-5.7.32
执行make
make -j 4
Scanning dependencies of target INFO_SRC
Scanning dependencies of target INFO_BIN
Scanning dependencies of target abi_check
Scanning dependencies of target zlib
[ 0%] Built target INFO_SRC
[ 0%] [ 0%] Built target INFO_BIN
[ 0%] Building C object zlib/CMakeFiles/zlib.dir/adler32.o
...
[100%] Building CXX object sql/CMakeFiles/mysqld.dir/main.cc.o
Linking CXX executable mysqld
[100%] Building CXX object storage/perfschema/unittest/CMakeFiles/pfs_connect_attr-t.dir/pfs_connect_attr-t.cc.o
[100%] Building CXX object storage/perfschema/unittest/CMakeFiles/pfs_connect_attr-t.dir/__/__/__/sql/sql_builtin.cc.o
[100%] Building C object storage/perfschema/unittest/CMakeFiles/pfs_connect_attr-t.dir/__/__/__/mysys/string.c.o
Linking CXX executable pfs_connect_attr-t
[100%] Built target mysql_embedded
[100%] Built target mysqltest_embedded
[100%] Built target mysqld
[100%] Built target pfs_connect_attr-t
执行make install 安装
root@box1 mysql-5.7.32]# make install
[ 0%] Built target INFO_BIN
[ 0%] Built target INFO_SRC
[ 0%] Built target abi_check
[ 0%] Built target zlib
[ 2%] Built target edit
...
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test/mysql-test-run
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/my_safe_process
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/my_safe_process
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/Base.pm
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql-log-rotate
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/support-files/magic
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/share/aclocal/mysql.m4
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
安装的文件
[root@box1 mysql]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man mysql-test README README-test share support-files
| 目录 | 内容 |
|---|---|
| bin | mysql的可执行文件和工具，脚本 |
| mysqld | |
| mysql | |
| mysqlbinlog | |
| mysqldump | |
| mysqladmin | |
| mysqld_safe | |
| docs | / |
| include | 头文件，编译时依赖 |
| lib | mysql client依赖库 |
| mysql plugin | |
| man | / |
| share | mysql error信息 |
| mysql系统初始化文件 | |
| support | 一些脚本 |
4 初始化数据库 & 启动MySQL
初始化数据库和启动MySQL的步骤和上一篇二进制安装方式一样（MySQL运维实战（1.2）安装部署：使用二进制安装部署），这里不再重复。
