正文部分

Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid and walls. One case concerns and eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was first noticed by her father. One day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles.

　　Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed that her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity. During all these tests Vera was blindfold; and, indeed, except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin. It was also found that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet.

　　ERIC DE MAUNY Seeing hands from The Listener

Comprehension 理解

1. How did Vera's father accidentally discover that his daughter possessed unusual powers of perception?

Vera's father discovered his daughter's curious talent when she showed she could tell what was inside a locked safe in his office by putting her hands on the door.

2. Under what conditions was Vera incapable of perceiving objects with her skin? 

She was unable to perceive objects with her skin unless she was blindfold. 

3. Under what conditions and Vera lost the ability to perceive objects with her fingers?

She lost the ability to perceive objects with her fingers as soon as her hands were wet.

Grammar 语法

1. 直接引语转化为间接引语：

一、如何变人称：下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。

“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me." → She said her brother wanted to go with her. 

“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then.

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如：Mr Smith said. "Jack is a good worker."→Mr  Smith said Jack was a good worker.

二、如何变时态：

1. 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。She said. "He will go to see his friend." → She said he would go to see his friend.

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980." → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：He said, "I get up at six every mornin." → He said he gets up at six every morning. 

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：Peter said. "You had better come here today." → Peter said I had better go there that day.

三、如何变状语：

直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday 变为the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this改为that), 如：He said, "These books are mine."→He said those books were his. 

四、如何变句型：

①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes." → She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句 或 一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether 或 if 引导的 宾语从句. 如：

He said, "Can you swim, John?" → He asked John if he could swim. 

 "You have finished the home work, haven't you? my mother asked. → My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

 "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" → He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?" → She asked me when they had their dinner. 

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如："Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. → She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise." Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. → She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 

⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）.”如：He said,"Let’s go to the film." → He suggested going to the film. 或He suggested that they should go to see the film.

引述别人的话有两种方式：

一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：John said," I’m going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）

总结：

1.正文（Seeing hands)

2.理解（三个问题+参考答案）

3.语法（这个部分写的最多，很多专业的术语和例句有参照网络。同时也是我自己最薄弱的部分，通过写下来能加深自己的印象。）包括了：变人称、变时态、变状语和变句型4个大类。

给爱学习的你加个大鸡腿耶！