1、 名词的单复数
规则变化+s/es、不规则变化（mouse-mice）、单复数同形、同一词在不同意义下有可能可数有可能不可数
2、 名词所有格
‘s（表示有生命：Lily’s desk）、of所有格（表示无生命the window of the room）
3、 名词修饰语
只修饰可数名词（each、every、a great many）、只修饰不可数名词（little、a little、 a large amount of）、都可以修饰（some、a lot of、plenty of）
4、不定冠词（a/an单数不特指）；定冠词（the/this/that/these/those表特定）
5、such的用法
such作限定词和all,no,any,some,other,anther等词连用时，such放后面。
如果such修饰单数可数名词，且与不定冠词连用时需置于其前；such前有no时不用冠词。
6、 so的用法
在believe,think,expect,suppose等词后用so代替前文提出的观点
在肯定句中表示与上文相同的情况，如：So do I.
7、 all和both的用法
all三者或三者以上全部都，both二者都。all指整体或抽象事物时当做单数，指人时当做复数。both做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
8、 many修饰或替代可数名词，much修饰或替代不可数名词
many a 许多（谓语动词用单数）
a good/great many很多
as many as/as much as一样多、差不多
9、 little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词
a little有一点，修饰不可数名词
few几乎没有，修饰可数名词
a few有一点，修饰可数名词
10、形容词比较级最高级
原级比较：…is as good as mine.
表示少于或超过另一方：fewer than, more than
易混淆短语：as well as也…既…
as far as就…而言
11、比较级常见错误：用much表强调时的误用
She looks more younger than I.（×）
She looks much younger than I.（√）
12、介词短语重点
except for除了
in place of代替
on behalf of代表
but for要不是
in front of在…前面
13、介词across,over,through,past四个常考介词的区别
across横穿穿越，发生在物体表面
over跨过越过，发生在物体上方
through穿过，发生在某物空间内
past从旁经过
14、易混淆的介词短语
in all总共
after all毕竟
at all根本，常用在否定句中表强调
above all最重要的是，尤其是
15、序数词前一定要加定冠词the，改错常考，序数词与基数词连用时，序数词放在前面，如the first one。
16、will和would的用法（常考）
will常与第二人称you连用，表示征求对方意见，will you/won’t you?
would更委婉客气一些，常用短语：would like to dowould rather宁愿
17、虚拟语气
18、一般现在时表将来的2种情况：
拟定或安排好的事情、一定要发生的动作：The train arrives at 10.
在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中一般现在时表将来
19、过去即将要发生的动作：was/were about to do sth.
20、句子中出现过去时，才会使用过去完成时表过去的过去-一直延续到过去的动作
I was tired. I had been working since dawn.
21、常用句型：
It is adj. for sb.to do sth.
It is adj. of sb. to do sth.（形容词评价某人）
22、经常接疑问词+不定式的动词：learn,ask,discuss,explain,know,remember,forget,understand,think,consider,decide.
如 I have to learn how to study English.
23、主谓一致
the number of+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数
a number of+复数名词时，谓语动词用复数
someplenty ofa lot of，谓语动词根据所修饰的词而定
a quantity of谓语动词用单数；large quantities of谓语动词用复数
24、谓语动词就近一致：
either…or…/neither…nor…/not only…but also…谓语动词和靠近的主语一致（常考）
25、同位语从句
常跟同位语从句的名词或短语（常考）：belief/doubt/hope/report/word/opinion/idea…使用举例：We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
26、直接引语和间接引语
变间接引语要向前推一个时态！例：
He said, ”I am sorry.”
He said that he was sorry.
27、定语从句who/whom的用法（介词+whom）例：
He is the man who lives next door.
I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.
28、定语从句that/which的用法，通常可以互换，但下列情况必须用that（改错常考）：
先行词是all,much,few,little,something等不定代词时
先行词有the only,the same,the very修饰时
主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时
先行词既有物又有人时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级时
29、as和which用法辨析，引导非限定性定语从句
as的先行词只能是句子，which的先行词可以是词。
30、表示一…就的引导词
as soon as/immediately/instantly/the moment/no sooner than/hardly
31、no sooner与hardly在句首时，要求句子倒装。
32、so that 连用引导目的/结果状语从句
so adj./adv. /many/few+that：There is so little time that…
such adj.+名词+that：Kathy is such a lovely girl that…
33、强调句型：It is/was 被强调的部分 that/who 句子剩余部分，和定语从句的区别：It was 8 when I left home.（定语从句）
34、"wish +宾语从句"，表示不大 可能实现的愿望
表示现在的不能实现的愿望：主语+过去时;
表示过去的不能实现的愿望：主语+had done;
表示将来的不能实现的愿望：主语+would/could do
35、It was + 时间段+before…."过了多久才……"
It was not long before…."不久，就……"
It will (not) be +时间段+before…."要过多久(不久)……才……"(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)
36、as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)[参考句型4]
[例句]Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
37、as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。
[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。
38、in case of…(+n.) "以防;万一";
in case that…"以防，万一……"(谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形)
39、作文段首高分句型
关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying that______. It"s the experience of our forefathers；however，it is correct in many cases even today.
现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……
People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
40、作文中间段落高分句型
相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.
但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.
对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our country"s development and construction. First，______.What"s more, _____.Most important of all,______.
为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______ is due to ______. I fully agree on the statement that ______ because______.
41、作文结尾段落高分句型
至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……
As far as I am concerned, I agree on the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can we _____.
42、英语作文表达常用句型短语（表达原因）
A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
43、表示比较
The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
Like anything else, it has its faults.
It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
44、表示批驳
It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
Many of us have been under the illusion that...
Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
45、表示后果
It may give rise to a host of problems.
The immediate result it produces is ...
It will exercise a profound influence upon...
Its consequence can be so great that...
46、将要举例
A good case in point is ...
Such examples might be given easily.
...is often cited as an example.
47、表示证明
No one can deny the fact that ...
The idea is hardly supported by facts.
Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
Recent studies indicate that ...
There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
48、反义疑问句速记口诀：
反意问句三要点，前后谓语正相反;
短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯;
最后一点应注意，短句主语代词填
49、短文改错易错点四要法：
要先浏览全文，知道大意
要通过找句号把长句子拆分出来
要分析句子结构，再从“多、缺、错、对”四方面细看
要通读改后的文章，用语感通查
50、短文改错四看法：
看有无一致性问题（主谓一致、单复数一致）
看有无搭配错误（动宾搭配、介词搭配）
看词法和语法错误（冠词、非谓语动词误用）
看每行每句间的逻辑错误（甚至有外形相同的词汇误用）
51、agree to同意某项计划或安排
agree with同意某人
agree on达成协议、意见一致
52、also用于肯定句，放在系动词、助动词、情态动词后
too&as well用于肯定句，放在句末（too用逗号隔开）
either用于否定句，放在句末
例：John also plays piano./He speaks French, and English as well./I want to eat an apple, too./I don’t watch TV, either.
53、become指身份和职位的变化
get+形容词表变得，多用于口语
grow表逐渐变成某种状态
turn+表颜色和天气的形容词，变得和以前完全不同
go+adj.从好的状态变成坏的状态
54、before long不久以后
long before很久以前（多用于过去完成时）
55、but表转折语气最强烈
while强调前后者对比Tom is reading while Jim is playing football.
however表示转折常用于插入语，需要和句子用逗号隔开
though引导让步状语从句
56、compare…with…把…与…相比
compare…to…把…比作…Life is compared to a voyage.生命被比作一次航行。
57、damage表示部分损坏
ruin和destroy表示彻底的损毁，但destroy只能作动词，ruin可以表示名词
58、die of因…而死，表示内部原因如疾病
die from因…而死，表示外部原因如交通事故
59、be famous for以…出名（某种技能、某部作品）
be famous as以某种身份出名
be famous to为某人所知The writer is famous to us.
60、hear of间接的听说
hear about听到…的详情
hear from收到…的来信
61、in future距现在距离较近的将来Don’t do that in future.
in the future距现在距离较远的将来Who knows what will happen in the future?
