CentOS7 安装MySQL5.6

1. 安装依赖包

yum -y install libaio autoconf numactl.x86_64

2. 创建一个mysql用户和组

groupadd -g 1055 mysql
useradd -r -u 1055 -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

3. 创建数据目录和log目录

mkdir -p /data/.storage/mysql/50200
mkdir -p /data/log/sys/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/log/sys/mysql

4. 下载、解压mysql

cd /usr/local
wget -c https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.45-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xf  mysql-5.6.45-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
ln -s mysql-5.6.45-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
cd mysql
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/.storage/mysql/50200/
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

5. systemctl启动配置

# vim /etc/systemd/system/mysql50200.service

[Unit]
Description=mysql50200
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network-online.target rsyslog.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
PIDFile=/data/.storage/mysql/50200/pid.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/etc/50200.mysql.conf --user=mysql
PrivateTmp=true
LimitNOFILE=infinity


[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6. 50200.mysql.conf配置文件

[client]
port                                = 50200
server-id                           = 50200
socket                              = /data/.storage/mysql/50200/sock.sock

[mysqld]
port                                = 50200
datadir                             = /data/.storage/mysql/50200
socket                              = /data/.storage/mysql/50200/sock.sock
pid-file                            = /data/.storage/mysql/50200/pid.pid
server-id                           = 999991
log-bin                             = 50200-bin
binlog-format                       = mixed


skip-name-resolve
back_log                           = 3000


#InnoDB设置
innodb_use_native_aio               = 0
innodb_buffer_pool_size             = 512M
innodb_thread_concurrency           = 16
innodb_log_buffer_size              = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit      = 2
innodb_log_file_size                = 48M
innodb_file_per_table               = 1
#innodb_force_recovery               = 1

skip-external-locking
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp     = 1
local-infile                        = 0
max_connections                     = 3000
max_connect_errors                  = 100

key_buffer_size                     = 256M
query-cache-type                    = 1
query_cache_size                    = 64M
max_allowed_packet                  = 8M
thread_stack                        = 256K
thread_cache_size                   = 64
query_cache_limit                   = 16M
sort_buffer_size                    = 8M
join_buffer_size                    = 8M
read_buffer_size                    = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size                = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size             = 16M
tmp_table_size                      = 256M
max_heap_table_size                 = 64M
connect_timeout                     = 60

#fix mysql gone away
wait_timeout                        = 10
interactive-timeout                 = 600

# log
general-log                         = 0
slow_query_log                      = 1
long_query_time                     = 2
log-queries-not-using-indexes
general-log-file                    = /data/log/sys/mysql/50200_gen.log
slow-query-log-file                 = /data/log/sys/mysql/50200_slow.log
log-error                           = /data/log/sys/mysql/50200_error.log
expire_logs_days                    = 4
 
[mysqldump]
max_allowed_packet                  = 100M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default_character_set               = utf8

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M
write_buffer_size = 256M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

7. 启动mysql

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysql50200
systemctl stop mysql50200
systemctl start mysql50200

8. 报错处理

(1) 初始化报错

# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/.storage/mysql/50200/
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper

解决方法 ：安装autoconf库
命令：yum -y install autoconf

# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
Use of uninitialized value in chown at scripts/mysql_install_db line 705.
Use of uninitialized value in chown at scripts/mysql_install_db line 705.
Use of uninitialized value in chown at scripts/mysql_install_db line 705.
Use of uninitialized value in chown at scripts/mysql_install_db line 705.
Use of uninitialized value in chown at scripts/mysql_install_db line 705.
Use of uninitialized value in chown at scripts/mysql_install_db line 705.
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方法：创建用户并安装libnuma.so.1
命令: 
yum -y install libaio numactl.x86_64
groupadd -g 1055 mysql
useradd -r -u 1055 -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

Installing MySQL system tables...2019-08-13 11:25:45 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details)

初始化时不影响安装:
解决方法:
在my.cnf中加入
[mysqld]
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

参考链接:
下载网址: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
安装文档: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/binary-installation.html