泛爱众
“弟子入则孝,出则弟,谨而信,泛爱众而亲仁。行有余力,则以学文。”短短25字,道出儒家为人处世的基本准则:遵守规则,言而有实,拥有一颗纯粹的心。同时,儒家的哲学是入世的哲学,以实践为本,在实践的基础上进行思辨;而与此相异的是,西方主流方法是以思辨为主,先有假设,再经过实践去检验。此谓“中西文化之一点差异”。
子曰: “弟子入则孝,出则弟,谨而信〔1〕,泛〔2〕爱众〔 3〕而亲仁〔4〕。行有余力〔5〕,则以〔6〕学文〔7〕。”
注释
〔1〕谨者,行之有常也。信者,言之有实也。
〔2〕泛,广也。
〔3〕众,谓众人。
〔4〕亲,近也。仁,谓仁者。
〔5〕余力,犹言暇日。
〔6〕以,用也。
〔7〕文,谓《诗》《书》六艺之文。
程子曰: “为弟子之职,力有余则学文,不修其职而先文,非为己之学也。”
愚谓力行而不学文,则无以考圣贤之成法,识事理之当然,而所行或出于私意,非但失之于野而已。
The Master said, "A youth, when at home, should be filial, and, abroad, respectful to his elders. He should be earnest and truthful. He should overflow in love to all, and cultivate the friendship of the good. When he has time and opportunity, after the performance of these things, he should employ them in polite studies."
生词
filial: adj. 孝顺的
overflow: vi. 充溢;溢出
cultivate: vt. 培养;耕作
performance: n. 执行;履行
employ: vt. 使用;运用
补充
He should be circumspect and truthful. (辜译本)circumspect: adj. 谨慎的