摘要:
本文介绍GitClub小程序后端的服务器文件的迁移以及更新图片上传至阿里云OSS存储服务器,如果不了解GitClub小程序的朋友可以看下我的上篇文章关于Android开源库分享平台,(GitClub)微信小程序的开发体验,在此特别纠正下,当前版本暂时只有Android的开源库分享,后续会增加Java、iOS、前端等不同语言的分类,感兴趣的可以去关注下我们的小程序,源码地址:GitClub。铺垫结束,请使用扫描这个二维码登陆GitClub小程序参观。
一、导入依赖包,在pox.xml中加入
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
<version>2.8.3</version>
</dependency>
二、配置OSS的参数,创建类OSSConfig
1、添加oss.properties配置文件,内容如下:
#阿里云OSS配置
#原服务器地址
bucketUrl = https://bucketName.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com
#自定义解析后服务器地址
baseUrl = https://xxx.502tech.com
#可以选择其他的地址
endpoint = https://oss-cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com
#已经在控制台创建的bucket
bucketName = bucketName
#你上传文件的保存路径,如果bucket中不存在则创建(其实原理并不是文件夹,只是文件名,详情请先阅读官方文档)
picLocation = GitClub/image/
#相应的id和key值,请填写你具体的值,这里不方便展示我自己的。
accessKeyId = 阿里云OSS的accessKeyId
accessKeySecret = 阿里云OSS的accessKeySecret
2、创建类OSSConfig
public class OSSConfig {
private String bucketUrl; //原图片服务器地址
private String baseUrl; //自定义解析后的图片服务器地址
private String endpoint; //连接区域地址
private String accessKeyId; //连接keyId
private String accessKeySecret; //连接秘钥
private String bucketName; //需要存储的bucketName
private String picLocation; //图片保存路径
public OSSConfig() {
try {
this.bucketUrl = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("bucketUrl");
this.baseUrl = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("baseUrl");
this.endpoint = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("endpoint");
this.bucketName = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("bucketName");
this.picLocation = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("picLocation");
this.accessKeyId = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("accessKeyId");
this.accessKeySecret = SystemConfig.getConfigResource("accessKeySecret");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
...
省略get、set方法
三、创建OSS工具类OSSUploadUtil
private static OSSConfig config = null;
/**
*
* @MethodName: uploadFile
* @Description: OSS单文件上传
* @param file
* @param fileType 文件后缀
* @return String 文件地址
*/
public static String uploadFile(File file,String fileType){
config = config == null ? new OSSConfig():config;
//通过UUID生成文件名
String fileName = config.getPicLocation()
+UUID.randomUUID().toString().toUpperCase()
.replace("-", "")
+"."+fileType;
return putFile(file,fileType,fileName);
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: updateFile
* @Description: 更新文件:只更新内容,不更新文件名和文件地址。
* (因为地址没变,可能存在浏览器原数据缓存,不能及时加载新数据,例如图片更新,请注意)
* @param file
* @param fileType
* @param oldUrl
* @return String
*/
public static String updateFile(File file,String fileType,String oldUrl){
String fileName = getFileName(oldUrl);
if(fileName==null) return null;
return putFile(file,fileType,fileName);
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: replaceFile
* @Description: 替换文件:删除原文件并上传新文件,文件名和地址同时替换
* 解决原数据缓存问题,只要更新了地址,就能重新加载数据)
* @param file
* @param fileType 文件后缀
* @param oldUrl 需要删除的文件地址
* @return String 文件地址
*/
public static String replaceFile(File file,String fileType,String oldUrl){
boolean flag = deleteFile(oldUrl); //先删除原文件
if(!flag){
//更改文件的过期时间,让他到期自动删除。
}
return uploadFile(file, fileType);
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: deleteFile
* @Description: 单文件删除
* @param fileUrl 需要删除的文件url
* @return boolean 是否删除成功
*/
public static boolean deleteFile(String fileUrl){
config = config == null ? new OSSConfig():config;
String bucketName = OSSUploadUtil.getBucketName(fileUrl); //根据url获取bucketName
String fileName = OSSUploadUtil.getFileName(fileUrl); //根据url获取fileName
if(bucketName==null||fileName==null) return false;
OSSClient ossClient = null;
try {
ossClient = new OSSClient(config.getEndpoint(), config.getAccessKeyId(), config.getAccessKeySecret());
GenericRequest request = new DeleteObjectsRequest(bucketName).withKey(fileName);
ossClient.deleteObject(request);
} catch (Exception oe) {
oe.printStackTrace();
return false;
} finally {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: batchDeleteFiles
* @Description: 批量文件删除(较快):适用于相同endPoint和BucketName
* @param fileUrls 需要删除的文件url集合
* @return int 成功删除的个数
*/
public static int deleteFile(List<String> fileUrls){
int deleteCount = 0; //成功删除的个数
String bucketName = OSSUploadUtil.getBucketName(fileUrls.get(0)); //根据url获取bucketName
List<String> fileNames = OSSUploadUtil.getFileName(fileUrls); //根据url获取fileName
if(bucketName==null||fileNames.size()<=0) return 0;
OSSClient ossClient = null;
try {
ossClient = new OSSClient(config.getEndpoint(), config.getAccessKeyId(), config.getAccessKeySecret());
DeleteObjectsRequest request = new DeleteObjectsRequest(bucketName).withKeys(fileNames);
DeleteObjectsResult result = ossClient.deleteObjects(request);
deleteCount = result.getDeletedObjects().size();
} catch (OSSException oe) {
oe.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException("OSS服务异常:", oe);
} catch (ClientException ce) {
ce.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException("OSS客户端异常:", ce);
} finally {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
return deleteCount;
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: batchDeleteFiles
* @Description: 批量文件删除(较慢):适用于不同endPoint和BucketName
* @param fileUrls 需要删除的文件url集合
* @return int 成功删除的个数
*/
public static int deleteFiles(List<String> fileUrls){
int count = 0;
for (String url : fileUrls) {
if(deleteFile(url)){
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: putFile
* @Description: 上传文件
* @param file
* @param fileType
* @param fileName
* @return String
*/
private static String putFile(File file, String fileType, String fileName){
config = config==null?new OSSConfig():config;
String url = null; //默认null
OSSClient ossClient = null;
try {
ossClient = new OSSClient(config.getEndpoint(), config.getAccessKeyId(), config.getAccessKeySecret());
InputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);
ObjectMetadata meta = new ObjectMetadata(); // 创建上传Object的Metadata
meta.setContentType(OSSUploadUtil.contentType(fileType)); // 设置上传内容类型
meta.setCacheControl("no-cache"); // 被下载时网页的缓存行为
PutObjectRequest request = new PutObjectRequest(config.getBucketName(), fileName,input,meta); //创建上传请求
ossClient.putObject(request);
Date expiration = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 3600L * 1000 * 24 * 365 * 10); // 设置URL过期时间为10年 3600L* 1000*24*365*10
//上传成功再返回的文件路径
url = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(config.getBucketName(), fileName, expiration)
.toString()
.replaceFirst(config.getBucketUrl(), config.getBaseUrl());
} catch (OSSException | FileNotFoundException | ClientException oe) {
oe.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
return url;
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: contentType
* @Description: 获取文件类型
* @param fileType
* @return String
*/
private static String contentType(String fileType){
fileType = fileType.toLowerCase();
String contentType = "";
switch (fileType) {
case "bmp": contentType = "image/bmp";
break;
case "gif": contentType = "image/gif";
break;
case "png":
case "jpeg":
case "jpg": contentType = "image/jpeg";
break;
case "html":contentType = "text/html";
break;
case "txt": contentType = "text/plain";
break;
case "vsd": contentType = "application/vnd.visio";
break;
case "ppt":
case "pptx":contentType = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
break;
case "doc":
case "docx":contentType = "application/msword";
break;
case "xml":contentType = "text/xml";
break;
case "mp4":contentType = "video/mp4";
break;
default: contentType = "application/octet-stream";
break;
}
return contentType;
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: getBucketName
* @Description: 根据url获取bucketName
* @param fileUrl 文件url
* @return String bucketName
*/
private static String getBucketName(String fileUrl){
String http = "http://";
String https = "https://";
int httpIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(http);
int httpsIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(https);
int startIndex = 0;
if(httpIndex==-1){
if(httpsIndex==-1){
return null;
}else{
startIndex = httpsIndex+https.length();
}
}else{
startIndex = httpIndex+http.length();
}
int endIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(".oss-");
return fileUrl.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: getFileName
* @Description: 根据url获取fileName
* @param fileUrl 文件url
* @return String fileName
*/
private static String getFileName(String fileUrl){
String str = "aliyuncs.com/";
int beginIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(str);
if(beginIndex==-1) return null;
return fileUrl.substring(beginIndex+str.length());
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: getFileName
* @Description: 根据url获取fileNames集合
* @param fileUrls 文件url
* @return List<String> fileName集合
*/
private static List<String> getFileName(List<String> fileUrls){
List<String> names = new ArrayList<>();
for (String url : fileUrls) {
names.add(getFileName(url));
}
return names;
}
}
四、测试
//把之前上传到项目特定目录下的逻辑修改成上传至OSS
@PostMapping("/uploadArticleImg")
public Result<Map<String, String>> uploadArticleImg(@RequestParam(value = "article_img") MultipartFile file) {
if (file == null || file.isEmpty() || file.getSize() == 0) {
return ResultUtils.error(ResultCode.UPLOAD_FILE_EMPTY);
}
if (file.getSize() > 10 * 1024 * 1024) {
return ResultUtils.error(ResultCode.UPLOAD_FILE_LIMIT);
}
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
String fileType = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf(".")+1);
//OSS单文件上传,返回上传成功后的oss存储服务器中的url
String fileName = OSSUploadUtil.uploadFile(FileUtils.multi2File(file), fileType);
map.put(file.getName(), fileName);
return ResultUtils.ok(map);
}
五、如何把数据库中把之前已经上传的文件URL更新成OSS返回的URL
@PostMapping("/trasform2OSS")
public Result<Boolean> trasformImg2OSS(){
File path = null;
try {
path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (!path.exists()) path = new File("");
System.out.println("path:" + path.getAbsolutePath());
//如果上传目录为/static/images/upload/,则可以如下获取:
File upload = new File(path.getAbsolutePath(), "static/images/upload/");
if (!upload.exists()) upload.mkdirs();
System.out.println("upload url:" + upload.getAbsolutePath());
File[] files = upload.listFiles();
//更新图片的url到oss 并把最新oss的图片地址保存到数据库
List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findAll();
articles.forEach(article -> {
if (null != article){
for (File file : files){
if(null != file){
if(null == article.getImg_url() || null == file.getName()){
continue;
}
if(article.getImg_url().contains(file.getName())){
//上传到oss
String fileType = file.getName().substring(file.getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1);
String url = OSSUploadUtil.uploadFile(file, fileType);
logger.info("上传到oss地址:"+url);
//更新到服务器
article.setImg_url(url);
articleRepository.saveAndFlush(article);
//更新数据到引擎
articleSearchRepository.save(new ESArticle(article));
}
}
}
}
});
return ResultUtils.ok(true);
}
六、阿里云OSS管理配置的一些坑
因为之前我们的图片上传至项目目录中的指定路径如:https://502tech.com/geekdaily/xxx/xxx/123.png, 现在需要全部替换成如:https://xxx.502tech.com/123.png
格式,注意:这里xxx.502tech.com是我们的二级域名,上传文件至OSS之后默认会返回如:https://bucketName.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/123.png 格式。需要我们手动在阿里云OSS域名管理中去绑定域名,如果想要使用https,则需要申请SSL证书,这里你可以申请一个免费的,可以自行百度,大概15分钟会申请成功,然后需要在OSS的域名管理中添加SSL证书,这里切记:下载nginx版本的证书,然后复制粘贴对应的公钥和私钥。