大家好！这周的“每周一段”选自 2018 年 12 月 18 日《经济学人》Christmas Specials 板块的 The glorious diversity of Queens, New York 一文（https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2018/12/18/the-glorious-diversity-of-queens-new-york）。《经济学人》记者在探访了纽约市皇后区（Queens）后写了这篇长文。

文本

Manhattan has energy and money; Brooklyn has hipster cachet and old-world, brownstone beauty; the Bronx has pugnacity; Staten Island has apartness. Queens has no clear defining quality (and it is most definitely not hip, whatever the estate agents may tell you). But it has the vibrancy of a whole world. Around 160 languages are spoken across the borough; residents hail from almost 200 countries. Nearly half its residents are foreign-born; most speak a language other than English at home. Few places can boast the linguistic, ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of Queens. To wander its streets is to walk through what makes America great.

译文：

曼哈顿有活力和金钱; 布鲁克林既时髦又有旧时贵族的优雅；布朗克斯有好斗精神; 斯塔滕岛是疏离感。皇后区没有标志性的特点（无论房产经纪怎样吹，这里绝对不时髦)，但它具有整个世界的活力。全区约 160 种语言，居民来自近 200 个国家。几乎一半的居民是在国外出生的；大多数人在家里说英语以外的语言。少有地方可以和皇后区的语言、种族、宗教和文化多样性相提并论。漫步在它的街道，就像穿越那些让美国伟大的事物一样。

段落赏析

选择这段完全是出于它的语言。这段更像是《纽约客》关于纽约的描述，也会让人想起美国作家 E. B. White, Joseph Mitchell, William Zinsser 等人笔下的纽约。如果你喜欢纽约，相信你一定会喜欢这段的。如果你还不了解纽约，试着从这段开始吧。

这段语言本身虽然不难，但要能写得出这样的英文需要很深的功底，所以我们主要来赏析和背诵。不需要做段落临摹。

选段共有 7 句话。第 1 句中四个简短有力的排比句都以区名作主语，谓语都用了简单的 has，重心放在宾语的特质上，整齐有力，写出了各自的魅力。 纽约市一共有 5 个区（曼哈顿、布鲁克林、皇后、布朗克斯和斯塔滕岛），但作者在第一句里只写了四个区，可见作者的写作策略：略写纽约其他四区，详写皇后区。果然，第 2 句出现了皇后区，表面写它没有标志性特点，但第 3 句话锋一转，给了它极高的评价：the vibrancy of a whole world。第 4、5 句从语言和人口角度具体写皇后区的“vibrancy”。 第 6 句强调皇后区的各种多样性就是它的特点；第 7 句写了皇后区的这些优势也是美国的优势。

句子学习

我们主要通过“临摹”和“背诵”的方式精学一段话。

临摹：提炼句型+造句

临摹句子 1：

Few places can boast the linguistic, ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of Queens.

提炼出句型 1：

Few places can boast the linguistic, ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of X.（在写某个多元城市或地区的时候就可以直接使用这个句式，里面的形容词可以酌情增删）

造句示范：

a) Few places can boast the linguistic, ethnic, architectural and religious diversity of New York City.

b) Few places can boast the linguistic, ethnic, culinary and cultural diversity of Singapore.（culinary 的意思是“美食”）

c) Few places can boast the ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of London.

临摹句子 2：

To wander its streets is to walk through what makes America great.

提炼出句型 2：

To wander its streets is to walk through X.

造句示范：

a) To wander Kyoto's streets is to walk through the ancient history of Japan.（京都很好地保留了日本旧时的建筑和文化）

b) To wander Yiwu's streets is to walk through China's e-commerce landscape.（义乌是中国著名的小商品集散地）

c) To wander the museum is to walk through what makes human race greater than other species.

可直接背诵和使用的句子

a) Manhattan has energy and money; Brooklyn has hipster cachet and old-world, brownstone beauty; the Bronx has pugnacity; Staten Island has apartness.

b) Queens has no clear defining quality. But it has the vibrancy of a whole world.

c) Few places can boast the linguistic, ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of Queens.

d) To wander its streets is to walk through what makes America great.

作业

参考第三部分的句型造句，造句时可以用中文写出具体的语境。