1.alternate
①V-RECIP When you alternate two things, you keep using one then the other. When one thing alternates with another, the first regularly occurs after the other. 交替
• Her aggressive moods alternated with gentle or more cooperative states.
她的挑衅情绪与温和或更为合作的情绪互相交替。
• Now you just alternate layers of that mixture and eggplant.
现在你只用把那种混合物与茄子一层层交叠起来。
②ADJ Alternate actions, events, or processes regularly occur after each other. 交替的
• They were streaked with alternate bands of colour.
他们都带有色彩交替相间的条纹。
③ADV 交替地
• He could alternately bully and charm people.
他能时而欺负人，时而吸引人。
④ADJ If something happens on alternate days, it happens on one day, then happens on every second day after that. In the same way, something can happen in alternate weeks, years, or other periods of time. 间隔的
• Lesley had agreed to Jim going skiing in alternate years.
莱斯丽已经同意了吉姆隔年去滑雪。
⑤ADJ You use alternate to describe a plan, idea, or system which is different from the one already in operation and can be used instead of it. 供替换的
• His group was forced to turn back and take an alternate route.
他的小组被迫返回并采用了替代路线。
⑥N-COUNT An alternate is a person or thing that replaces another, and can act or be used instead of them. 替补
• In most jurisdictions, twelve jurors and two alternates are chosen.
在大多数审判中，12名陪审员和2名替补人员会被选出。
2.amend
①V-T If you amend something that has been written such as a law, or something that is said, you change it in order to improve it or make it more accurate. 修正
• The president agreed to amend the constitution and allow multi-party elections.
总统同意了修正宪法并且允许多党选举。
②PHRASE If you make amends when you have harmed someone, you show that you are sorry by doing something to please them. 做补偿
• He wanted to make amends for causing their marriage to fail.
他想为一手造成他们婚姻的破裂做出补偿。
3.appraise
①V-T If you appraise something or someone, you consider them carefully and form an opinion about them. 评价
• This prompted many employers to appraise their selection and recruitment policies.
这促使很多雇主评价其人才选聘政策。
②V-T When experts appraise something, they decide how much money it is worth. 估价
• His estate is now appraised at a figure near $1,000,000.
他的财产现在被估价的数额接近$1000000。
4.appropriation
①N-COUNT An appropriation is an amount of money that a government or organization reserves for a particular purpose. 拨款
• The government raised defence appropriations by 12 percent.
政府将国防拨款提高了12%。
②N-UNCOUNT Appropriation of something that belongs to someone else is the act of taking it, usually without having the right to do so. 占用
• Other charges include fraud and illegal appropriation of land.
其他指控包括诈骗和非法占用土地。
5.apt
①ADJ An apt remark, description, or choice is especially suitable. 恰当的
• The words of this report are as apt today as in 1929.
这份报告的措词在当今如在1929年一样恰当。
②ADV 恰当地
• ...the beach in the aptly named town of Oceanside.
…命名贴切的“海边镇”上的沙滩。
③ADJ If someone is apt to do something, they often do it and so it is likely that they will do it again. 易于…的
• She was apt to raise her voice and wave her hands about.
她常常提高嗓门并挥舞双手。
④ADJ An apt student is intelligent and able to understand things easily. 聪慧的
• She had taught him French and he had been an apt student.
她教过他法语，他一直是个聪慧的学生。
6.assurance
①N-VAR If you give someone an assurance that something is true or will happen, you say that it is definitely true or will definitely happen, in order to make them feel less worried. 保证
• He would like an assurance that other forces will not move into the territory that his forces vacate.
他想要其他部队不会进入他的部队撤出的那个领地的一个保证。
②N-UNCOUNT If you do something with assurance, you do it with a feeling of confidence and certainty. 信心
• Masur led the orchestra with assurance.
马苏尔很有信心地带领了那个管弦乐队。
7.athletic
①ADJ Athletic means relating to athletes and athletics. 运动的; 运动员的
• They have been given college scholarships purely on athletic ability.
他们完全凭他们的运动才能获得了大学奖学金。
②ADJ An athletic person is fit, and able to perform energetic movements easily. 运动型的 (人)
• Xandra is an athletic 36-year-old with a 21-year-old's body.
赞德拉是位36岁却有着21岁人体格的运动型人。
8.attendant
①N-COUNT An attendant is someone whose job is to serve or help people in a place such as a petrol station or a car park. (加油站或停车场的) 服务员
• Tony Williams was working as a car park attendant in Los Angeles.
托尼·威廉斯当时在洛杉矶的一个停车场做服务生。
②N-COUNT The attendants at a wedding are people such as the bridesmaids and the ushers, who accompany or help the bride and groom. 婚礼随员 (如迎宾招待员、傧相)
• If the bride pays, she has the right to decide on the style of dress worn by her attendants.
如果新娘付费，她有权决定她的婚礼随员穿什么款式。
9.authorize
①V-T If someone in a position of authority authorizes something, they give their official permission for it to happen. 批准
• It would certainly be within his power to authorize a police raid like that.
他肯定有权批准那种警方突袭行动。
②N-VAR 批准
• The United Nations will approve his request for authorization to use military force to deliver aid.
联合国将同意他的请求，批准他动用军队来运送救援物资。
10.avail
①PHRASE If you do something to no avail or to little avail, what you do fails to achieve what you want. 徒劳
• His efforts were to no avail.
他的努力是徒劳的。
②V-T If you avail yourself of an offer or an opportunity, you accept the offer or make use of the opportunity. 利用
• Guests should feel at liberty to avail themselves of your facilities.
客人们应可以随意使用你们的设施。
