JSON 教程

一、什么是 Json

1.JSON 指的是 JavaScript 对象表示法（JavaScript Object Notation）
2.JSON 是轻量级的文本数据交换格式
3.JSON 独立于语言：JSON 使用 Javascript语法来描述数据对象，但是 JSON 仍然独立于语言和平台。JSON 解析器和 JSON 库支持许多不同的编程语言。 目前非常多的动态（PHP，JSP，.NET）编程语言都支持JSON。
4.JSON 具有自我描述性，更易理解

二、Json 格式

{} 表示对象
[] 表示数据
， 表示分割数据
： 表示键值对
每个键值对都代表一条数据，每条数据都是以","隔开的

三、Json 对象
结构：

 { 
   key1:value1,
   key2:value2,
   key3:value3……
 }

1.面向对象：key对应的是对象的变量，值对应的是变量的值

{
  "name":"AIVSR",
  "age":18
}

2.复杂对象：
对象内包含对象：

{
  "name":"AIVSR",
  "child": { "name"="c_AIVSR" }
}

对象内包含数组：

{
  "name":"AIVSR",
  "house":["二环"，”三环“，”四环“]
}

对象内包含数组,数组是一个对象数组：

{
  "name":"AIVSR",
  "house":[{
             "name":"h1"，
             "add":"二环"
             }，
             {
              "name":"h2"
              "add":"三环"
             }]
}

四、C# 关于Json的操作（简单对象形式）

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
#region 模块信息
/*----------------------------------------------------------------
// 模块名：JsonTool
// 创建者：AIVSR
// 创建日期：
// 修改者列表：
// 模块描述：MyFramework 关于Json的操作
//----------------------------------------------------------------*/
#endregion
public class JsonTools : MonoBehaviour
{

    /// <summary>
    /// 创建简单列Json
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="folder"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="listJson"></param>
    public static void Create(string folder, string name, List<Dictionary<string, string>> listJson, bool isCovered = false)
    {
        string localPath = ProjectBasicInformation.PlatformPath + folder + "/" + name + ".json";
        if (!File.Exists(localPath))
        {
            JObject jObject = new JObject();
            foreach (var jsonDirItem in listJson)
            {
                foreach (var jsonItem in jsonDirItem)
                {
                    jObject[jsonItem.Key] = jsonItem.Value.ToString();
                }
            }
            string json = jObject.ToString();
            if (isCovered)
                File.WriteAllText(localPath, json);
        }
#if UNITY_EDITOR
        AssetDatabase.Refresh();
#endif
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 追加Json
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="folder"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="listJson"></param>
    public static void Add(string folder, string name, List<Dictionary<string, string>> listJson)
    {
        string localPath = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/" + folder + "/" + name + ".json";
        var content = File.ReadAllText(localPath);

        JObject jObject = new JObject();
        JObject localJObject = JObject.Parse(content);
        foreach (var jsonDir in listJson)
        {
            foreach (var jsonItem in jsonDir)
            {
                localJObject.Add(jsonItem.Key, jObject[jsonItem.Key] = jsonItem.Value.ToString());
            }
        }

        if (!File.Exists(localPath))
        {
            FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(localPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
            fileStream.Close();
        }

        File.WriteAllText(localPath, localJObject.ToString());

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 读取json
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="folder"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static List<Dictionary<string, string>> ReadFile(string folder, string name)
    {
        string localPath = ProjectBasicInformation.PlatformPath + folder + "/" + name + ".json";
        List<Dictionary<string, string>> listJsonDictionary = new List<Dictionary<string, string>>();
        if (!File.Exists(localPath))
        {
            using (StreamReader file = File.OpenText(localPath))
            {
                using (JsonTextReader reader = new JsonTextReader(file))
                {
                    JObject jObject = (JObject)JToken.ReadFrom(reader);
                    foreach (var jsonitem in jObject)
                    {
                        Dictionary<string, string> readJsonDictionary = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                        readJsonDictionary.Add(jsonitem.Key, jsonitem.Value.ToString());
                        Debug.Log(jsonitem);
                        listJsonDictionary.Add(readJsonDictionary);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return listJsonDictionary;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 读取json文件中的某个已知Key值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="folder"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="key"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ReadKey(string folder, string name, string key)
    {
        string localPath = ProjectBasicInformation.PlatformPath + folder + "/" + name + ".json";
        string jTokenString = "";
        if (File.Exists(localPath))
        {
            using (StreamReader file = File.OpenText(localPath))
            {
                using (JsonTextReader reader = new JsonTextReader(file))
                {
                    JObject jObject = (JObject)JToken.ReadFrom(reader);
                    JToken jToken = jObject[key]; //获取Key的值
                    jTokenString = jToken.ToString();
                }
                file.Close();
                file.Dispose();
            }
        }
        return jTokenString;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 更新Json
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="folder"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="key"></param>
    /// <param name="newValue"></param>
    public static void Updata(string folder, string name, string key, string newValue)
    {
        string localPath = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/" + folder + "/" + name + ".json";
        using (StreamReader file = File.OpenText(localPath))
        {
            using (JsonTextReader reader = new JsonTextReader(file))
            {
                JObject jObject = (JObject)JToken.ReadFrom(reader);
                JToken jToken = jObject[key]; //获取Key的值
                string jTokenString = jToken.ToString();
                if (newValue != jTokenString)
                {
                    jObject[key] = newValue;
                }
                file.Close();
                file.Dispose();
                if (!File.Exists(localPath))
                {
                    FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(localPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
                    fileStream.Close();
                }
                File.WriteAllText(localPath, jObject.ToString());
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 删除Json节点
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="folder"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="key"></param>
    public static void Delete(string folder, string name, string key)
    {
        string localPath = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/" + folder + "/" + name + ".json";
        using (StreamReader file = File.OpenText(localPath))
        {
            using (JsonTextReader reader = new JsonTextReader(file))
            {
                JObject jObject = (JObject)JToken.ReadFrom(reader);
                if (jObject[key] != null)
                {
                    jObject.Remove(key);
                }
                file.Close();
                file.Dispose();
                if (!File.Exists(localPath))
                {
                    FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(localPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
                    fileStream.Close();
                }
                File.WriteAllText(localPath, jObject.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

五、常见报错处理：

1、检查花括号，中括号是否能对应上
2、检查你的Json中符号是否都是半角符号，英文符号
3、你的int类型值如果是1，不能写成01的形式
4、检查一些应该标识序列化特性的地方
注：
1.特性“[]”
  [System.Serializable]：修饰类上，证明该类是可以被序列化和反序列化的
2.序列化和反序列化
  序列化：把对象转换成字节序列的过程称为对象的序列化
  反序列化：把字节序列转换成对象的过程称为对象的反序列化