1.2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）

D

The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.

The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.

One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow（发光）in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.

In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off ＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.

Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（电源）— such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.

32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. A new study of different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates.

C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants.

33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?

A. To detect plants’ lack of water. B. To change compositions of plants.

C. To make the life of plants longer. D. To test chemicals in plants.

34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?

A. They will speed up energy production. B. They may transmit electricity to the home.

C. They might help reduce energy consumption. D. They could take the place of power plants.

35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants?

C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance

We all want it … to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.  36  Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.

●  37  Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.

●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.  38  You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂

●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.  39 

●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.  40  Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?

A. Feeling upset again?

B. Where do you start?

C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.

D. Remember, you are only human.

E Set an intention for self-acceptance.

F. Stop comparing yourself with others.

G. When does the comparison game start?

第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The  41  is obvious. If we  42  it is a door, they’ll want to go outside  43  . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the  44  . But our insisting it’s  45  a window has kept them from  46  millions of requests to open the door.

I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll  47  and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a  48  .

I wonder if  49  should always tell the truth no matter the  50  . I have a very strong  51  that the lie we’re telling is doing  52  damage to our children. Windows and doors have  53  metaphorical（比喻） meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in  54  they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（机会） of some sort, and  55  opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just  56  it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a  57  opportunity?＂

Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the  58  is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just  59  repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t  60  to open them and walk through.

41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case

42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize

43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually

44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth

45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly

46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting

47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out

48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact

49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers

50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences

51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt

52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral

53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original

54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history

55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of

56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of

57. A. real B. Typical C. similar D. limited

58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret

59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept

60. A. hurry   B. decide C. hesitate D. intend

2.2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）

D

I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.

As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.

I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.

Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.

As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?

A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.

33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Pleasure from working in the library.

B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.

C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.

D. A closer bond developed with the readers.

34. What does the author call on other writers to do?

A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.

C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.

35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge

B. My Idea about Writing

C. Library: A Haven for the Young

D. My Love of the Library

第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Emoji（表情符号） and Workplace Communication

In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36 . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.

Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication.

In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38 . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.

There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.

40 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.

A. Message with emojis feel more conversational

B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly

C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange

D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally

E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly

F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace

G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform

第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be  41  to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws,  42  working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction（拍卖）”  43  by the Italian police where things  44  on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look  45        above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder  46  until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.

When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he  47  the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had  48  from Turin. His son, age 15, who had  49  an art appreciation class, thought that there was something  50  about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he  51  it, he only found “Bonnard," a French  52  he had never heard of. He bought a book and was  53  to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same  54  as his father’s painting.

"That’s the garden in our picture,"Nicolo’s son told his father. They  55  learned that the painting they  56        was called "The Girl with Two Chairs." They  57  the other painting and learned that it was  58  Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog." The  59  called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were  60  and worth as much as $50 million.

41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted

42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried

43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run

44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden

45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real

46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargained

47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought

48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved

49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led

50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natural

51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed

52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor

53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready

54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden

55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily

56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole

57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied

58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically

59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police

60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents

3.2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III）

D

We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.

On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation — not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land," said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.

Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders," Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea."

In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.

32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?

A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B. New knowledge of human evolution.

C. Recent findings of human origin. D. Significance of food selection.

33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?

A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast.

34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?

A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.

C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.

35. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B. Highlanders’ Survival Skills

C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research D. The World’s Best Divers

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.  36  And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.

  37  Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.

  38  This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes.  39 

Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.  40  Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.

A. This isn’t usual though.

B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.

C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.

D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.

E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.

F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.

G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.

第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection,  41  can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in,  42  their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll  43  that they left it in the changing room, create havoe(混乱) and then  44  it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the  45  in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a  46  colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep  47  .

I remember the first really  48  customer we had at Covent Garden. She was  49  absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather  50  that she became a “regular”. After a while, she  51  for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat  52  , and since she’d found it too much to cope with(应对), she’d taken it out on  53  people.

That taught me a valuable  54  and I pass it on to the people who  55  in the market. Don’t take it  56  . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not  57  .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego(自我) get  58  . If you do, you won’t be able to  59  it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that  60  everyone’s day.

41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists

42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying

43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear

44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume

45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods

46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural

47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing

48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult

49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about

50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed

51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized

52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty

53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely

54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade

55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel

56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually

57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well

58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law

59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame

60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves

4.2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英  语 《新高考》

D

According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.

To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.

Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.

For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.

The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we’re making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she’s having” effect. However, we’ll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I’ll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I’ll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can’t I?

12. What is the recent study mainly about?

A. Food safety. B. Movie viewership.

C. Consumer demand. D. Eating behavior.

13. What does the underlined word "beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons.

C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons.

14. Why did the researchers hire the actor?

A. To see how she would affect the participants.

B. To test if the participants could recognize her.

C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.

D. To study why she could keep her weight down.

15. On what basis do we "adjust the influence" according to the last paragraph?

A. How hungry we are. B. How slim we want to be.

C. How we perceive others. D. How we feel about the food.

第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.  16  Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.

People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”  17  Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.

Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.  18 

Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.  19  And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.

  20  It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.

A. Do the opposite.

B. You want to be an effective public speaker.

C. You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.

D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.

E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.

F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.

G However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second  21  . He learned the value and beauty of   22  there from a very young age.

When he was 16, Molai began to notice something  23  happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the  24  it caused had driven away a number of birds.  25  , the number of snakes had declined as well. He  26  that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the  27  . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek  28  during the daytime. He turned to the  29  department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and  30  a nearby island where he began to plant trees.

  31  young plants in the dry season was   32  for a lone boy. Molai built at the  33  of each sapling（幼树）a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to  34  rainwater. The water would then drip（滴落）on the plants below.

Molai  35  to plant trees for the next 37 years, His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.

21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice

22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge

23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward

24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage

25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted

27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust

28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter

29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance

30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed

31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding

32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial

33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side

34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect

35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued

5.2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）

D

After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.

Together, these deep human urges（驱策力）count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, "Why? Why? Why?"

Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.

"The great man," said Mencius（孟子）, "is he who does not lose his child’s heart. "Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.

Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.

How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.

One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking. You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.

However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment.

51. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________.

A. propose a definition B. make a comparison

C. reach a conclusion D. present an argument

52. What does the example of Galileo tell us?

A. Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.

B. Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.

C. Creativity results from challenging authority.

D. Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.

53. What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent?

A. Observe the unknown around you. B. Develop a questioning mind.

C. Lead a life of adventure. D. Follow the fashion.

54. What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7?

A. Gaining success helps you become an expert.

B. The genius tends to get things done creatively.

C. Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.

D. You should remain modest when approaching perfection.

55. What could be the best title or the passage?

A. Curious Minds Never Feel Contented B. Reflections on Human Nature

C. The Keys to Achievement D. Never Too Late to Learn

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 16 —loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 17 in a clever way. The 18 ? Chat benches.

Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 19 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 20 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about £31,000. Jones was  21 when she said that she didn’t actually 22 being cheated. “Otherwise, I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.

This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 23 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 24 to do something about it. He 25 the police department to allow him to 26 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 27 ：“HAPPY TO CHAT”. Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 28 conversations.

The idea is catching on 29 . There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a（n） 30 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 31 — the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 32 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.

This effort is not just a（n） 33 at being community minded — it’s also a 34 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.

The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 35 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.

16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise

17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt

18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention

19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money

20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally

21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused

22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy

23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn

24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided

25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught

26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up

27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied

28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy

29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully

30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing

31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed

32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out

33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack

34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting

35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles

6.2020江苏高考英语试题

D

I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.

We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.

Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, "In your home, do you have a moon too?" I was surprised.

After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe (敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan's world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan's world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.

In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan's village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.

Yet, as I thought about Juan's question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant  (无知的) are we? The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.

I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.

In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.

We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.

65. How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon? （    ）

A. Out of place.        B. Full of joy.        C. Sleepy.        D. Regretful.

66. What made that Amazonian evening wonderful? （    ）

A. He learned more about the local language.

B. They had a nice conversation with each other.

C. They understood each other while playing.

D. He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.

67. Why was the author surprised at Juan's question about the moon? （    ）

A. The question was too straightforward.

B. Juan knew so little about the world.

C. The author didn't know how to answer.

D. The author didn't think Juan was sincere.

68. What was the author's initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles? （    ）

A. To sort out what we have known.

B. To deepen his research into Amazonians.

C. To improve his reputation as a biologist.

D. To learn more about local cultures.

69. How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries? （    ）

A. They shifted their viewpoints frequently.

B. They followed other scientists closely.

C. They often criticized their fellow scientists.

D. They conducted in-depth and close studies.

70. What could be the most suitable title for the passage? （    ）

A. The Possible and the Impossible

B. The Known and the Unknown

C. The Civilized and the Uncivilized

D. The Ignorant and the Intelligent

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success    36  fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the    37    in our lives.

When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no    38  of knowing that his life was to change    39    . The class experiment that day was to    40    how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling（冒泡）to the surface.    41  , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat  42  held something more volatile（易挥发的）than water. When Wilson heated it, the container  43  , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.

When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents    44    to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had    45    their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as    46    . He learned braille（盲文）quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a（n）    47    public speaker.

Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from    48    for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to  49  his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue    50  it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the  51    Wilson made to preventing the    52    .

Wilson received several international    53    for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a  54  . He proved that it's not what happens to us that    55    our lives — it's what we make of what happens.

（    ）36. A. depends    B. holds    C. keeps    D. reflects

（    ）37. A. dilemmas    B. accidents    C. events    D. steps

（    ）38. A. way    B. hope    C. plan    D. measure

（    ）39. A. continually    B. gradually    C. gracefully    D. completely

（    ）40. A. direct    B. show    C. advocate    D. declare

（    ）41. A. Anyway    B. Moreover    C. Somehow    D. Thus

（    ）42. A. mistakenly    B. casually    C. amazingly    D. clumsily

（    ）43. A. erupted    B. exploded    C. emptied    D. exposed

（    ）44. A. deserved    B. attempted    C. cared    D. agreed

（    ）45. A. submitted to    B. catered for    C. impressed on    D. happened to

（    ）46. A. fantastic    B. extraordinary    C. impressive    D. catastrophic

（    ）47. A. accomplished    B. crucial    C. specific    D. innocent

（    ）48. A. deafness    B. depression    C. blindness    D. speechlessness

（    ）49. A. decide    B. abandon    C. control    D. accept

（    ）50. A. until    B. when    C. unless    D. before

（    ）51. A. opposition    B. adjustments    C. commitment      D. limitations

（    ）52. A. preventable    B. potential    C. spreadable    D. influential

（    ）53. A. scholarships    B. rewards    C. awards    D. bonuses

（    ）54. A. fortune    B. recipe    C. dream    D. vision

（    ）55. A. distinguishes    B. determines    C. claims    D. limits

7.2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）

C

Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.

Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.

Those who had held mentally stimulating（刺激）, demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive（认知）function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.

“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work — sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”

It’s not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’ s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating（协调）,” she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries.”

Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons — including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.

28. Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?

A. To assess their health status. B. To evaluate their work habits.

C. To analyze their personality. D. To measure their mental ability.

29. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?

A. By using an expert’s words. B. By making a comparison.

C. By referring to another study. D. By introducing a concept.

30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills

B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs

C. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp

D. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

I experienced years of loneliness as a child.   31  His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.

A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening.   32  I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me.  33 

My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were.   34  I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait（特点） others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.

  35  My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.

A. I wasn’t alone any longer.

B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.

C. I was invited to play with another kid.

D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.

E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.

F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.

G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.

第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.

One morning I   36  a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its  37  , so I jumped out of the tractor to  38  it while Don stayed in his seat.

Lamb and mother  39  , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so  40  because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out.   41  Don had somehow made the  42  move.

My heart froze in my chest as I  43  the tractor heading towards the  44  . I ran desperately but failed to  45  . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The   46  thing I saw was Don’ s face, looking calmly back at me.

Heart in mouth, I  47  the fence and looked over. The tractor was   48  against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously（奇迹般地）crossed the  49  road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I  50  the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently  51  , and dashed back to me.

The police  52  and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn’t quite believe my  53  it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been  54  . Don was given a special   55  that night — I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.

36. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned

37. A. kids B. friends C. owner D. mother

38. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into

39. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined

40. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult

41. A. Fortunately B. Generally C. Immediately D. Obviously

42. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence

43. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove

44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill

45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out

46. A. real B. best C. basic D. last

47. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed

48. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning

49. A. steep B. long C. rough D. busy

50. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired

51. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. unhappy

52. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited

53. A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea

54. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful

55. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson