01 激励制度不可随意设置
昨天我们谈论了抵制诱惑的好办法,还记得吗,就是最小化目标单位,一定要小到可以马上就行动的程度。理由是,改变自己本来就是困难的,所以要适当给自己多点奖励制度。
不过,这个奖励制度可不是随意设立的,你做过以下的事情吗?
跑步半个小时,消耗了300卡热量,感觉自己棒棒哒,于是奖励自己一块奶酪蛋糕;
戒烟一周,发现自己节省了100块钱,刚觉自己棒棒哒,于是奖励自己多喝一杯酒;
一口气读完一本书,发现自己的脑袋增重50g, 感觉自己棒棒哒,于是奖励自己一包薯条。
怎么样,你中了几条,或者你还有其他奖励自己的方式,欢迎在文末留言拍板哈。
02 今天的故事- 准新娘减肥记
今天,我们给我们讲述故事的是一位美女准新娘Cheryl,为了在婚礼当天成为全场的焦点,她给自己定制了减肥计划:8个月之内要减肥15磅(也就是13.6斤)。
其实,在做这个决定之前,她已经开始了健身计划,一周3天在健身房锻炼。但是,问题是,她太清楚自己每次在脚踏器上消耗的能量了。
这怎会是个问题呢,且听她到来,别太着急。
她每一次看到自己消耗的卡路里,心里就会非常得意,觉得应该好好犒劳自己,于是脑袋里就会有一个小人不断告诉自己,快去吃点好吃的吧。
所以,你也能猜到故事的发展啦。
她的原计划是减肥,但是现在,她发现锻炼给自己增加了满足口欲的机会,更糟糕的还在后面。
Cheryl, a thirty-five-year-old financial adviser, was getting married in eight months. She wanted to lose fifteen pounds before the wedding, and had started working out at the gym three days a week. The problem was, she knew exactly how many calories every minute on the stair climber was worth. As she burned more calories, she couldn’t help imagining the food she was earning the right to eat. Although she had planned to cut back on calories, too, she felt free to eat a little more on workout days.
她发现自己多锻炼5分钟,就会给自己找借口,在晚餐的冰酸奶上增加巧克力碎片或者多喝一杯酒。
细心如你,一定也发现了问题所在,她把锻炼变成了一种许可证,允许自己放纵自己。
结果当然体重发生变化啦,不过不是体重下降,是上升了3磅。
If she exercised an extra five minutes, she could get chocolate chips on her frozen yogurt, or have a second glass of wine with dinner. Exercise began to equal a license to indulge. As a result, the scale had budged three pounds—in the wrong direction.
Cheryl把锻炼变成了一种获得食物的方式,所以,她最终不可能完成减肥到计划。
所以,如果你和她一样,也要今早摆脱这种许可证陷阱,怎么做呢?
把锻炼当成是完成目标的必经之路,然后,把健康饮食当成第二目标,这个目标和锻炼是并列的。
锻炼和健康饮食之间不是充分必要的关系,完成一个目标并不代表你可以轻视第二个目标。
By thinking about exercise as earning food, Cheryl was undermining her goal to lose weight. To get out of this licensing trap, she needed to see exercise as a necessary step to achieving her goal, and healthier eating as a second, independent step she also had to take. They weren’t interchangeable “good” behaviors, and succeeding at one didn’t license her to take it easier on the other.
03 句子解析
1.Cheryl, a thirty-five-year-old financial adviser, was getting married in eight months.
Cheryl今年35岁,是一名金融顾问,在8个月后她即将结婚。
这句话的核心结构比较清楚, Cheryl was getting married.
我们要稍微讲一讲“in”这个介词,之前的故事介绍介词时,我说过介词是非常灵活的,可以表示时间和空间上的概念,这里的in后面跟着的是时间,所以,这里要注意这样一种时间搭配: in +一段时间= 将来时态。
2.As she burned more calories, she couldn’t help imagining the food she was earning the right to eat.
随着消耗的卡路里的增加,她脑海里总是想象着为此赢得的更多的食物。
As 在这里引导一个伴随状语,不用太在意,句子的核心结构是,she couldn’t help imagining the food,后面跟着的从句用来修饰food,从句补充完整变成普通句就是,she was earning the right to eat the food.
Can’t help doing something是一种固定搭配,就像我们的成语一样约定俗成,表示的意思是,无法自拔,控制不住不做某件事的冲动。
3.If she exercised an extra five minutes, she could get chocolate chips on her frozen yogurt, or have a second glass of wine with dinner.
一旦她额外练习了5分钟,她就会在晚餐酸奶上增加一些巧克力碎片或者多喝一杯酒。
这句话里的前半句是if引导的条件状语从句,可以单独拆出来理解,意思是,如果。。。, 有关if我们经常接触到的是两种情况,if引导一个条件状语从句,这时候要找注意时态到变化,因为这里有一个动作的先后;if的另外一种常见情况是宾语从句,比如说,i don’t know if it’s going to rain tomorrow.这里的if意思是“是否”,时态跟着从句暗示时间的词变化。
整个一句话的核心是后半句,核心结构为: she could get .....or have.....,并列复合句的结构。
4.To get out of this licensing trap, she needed to see exercise as a necessary step to achieving her goal, and healthier eating as a second, independent step she also had to take.
想要摆脱这种许可证陷阱,她需要把锻炼当成是达成目标的必经之路,把健康饮食当作第二目标,这个目标是独立出来的,她也必须遵守。
句子核心成分: she needed to see.....as... ,and. ...as....,后面independent step补充说明a second step.
非谓语动词大家都听过吧,什么意思呢,把某个可以作为谓语成分的动词转换一下形式,用来充当其他句子成分。比如这个话里面的get 这个词,本来可以单独使用作为谓语动词的,但在这里,get 不是整句话的核心谓语成分,只是表示目的状语,所以,需要把这个get 转换一下形式,非谓语动词一般有三种常见形式,getting,to get,got, 区分方式也比较简单,判断get 和主句主语的关系就好。
04 故事与我何干
“许可证陷阱”在我们日常生活中随处可见啊,可不仅出现在减肥事件上,只要你做了一件自我感觉良好的事情,接下来就会不可思议的做出错误的决定。
比如,刚刚参加完一场重要考试,你觉得很有成就感,于是下一秒,在你还没有意识到的时候,你的手已经打开电脑玩起了游戏,或者开始打开微信朋友圈刷起;
再比如,刚刚完成一个大项目,你觉得很过瘾也很疲劳,于是下一秒就出去各种胡吃海喝了;
再比如,你刚刚因为某个投资小赚了一笔,下一秒你就会想着用什么方式花这笔钱呢。
同志们,一定要提防这个陷阱啊,提高防范意识,分析清楚目标到底是什么。
05 延伸阅读—许可证背后是我们对感觉的错信
Studies like this demonstrate that there is no careful accountant in our brains, calculating exactly how good we’ve been and what kind of self-indulgence we’ve earned. Instead, we trust the feeling that we have been good, and that we are a good person. Psychologists who study moral reasoning know this is how we make most judgments of right or wrong. We have a gut response, and we only look to logic if we are forced to explain our feelings. Many times, we can’t even come up with a logical reason to defend our judgment—but we stick with our feelings anyway.
1.我们相信自己的感觉判断
2.但很多时候,我们只是在给自己的决定找个合适的理由
有任何问题欢迎交流哦,我是作者,80后宝妈,高级口译,实战派老师,7年接触的学生年龄分布各阶段,碰到的学习难题很多已经超越了语言学习本身,我们要从更高的角度看待英语学习这件事。