一、MySQL的安装和初始化

1. mysql安装包下载地址
   https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
   Community_MySQL on Windows_Generally Available(GA)Releases(通用版) 选用
   Development Releases（开发版）研究用

2.MySQL 客户端工具
SQLyog Ultimate
HeidiSQL
navicat for mysql

3.压缩包安装方式

从官网上下载mysql-5.6.31-winx64.zip,将其解压，接下来的安装是通过命令来安装MySQL数据库的。

(1)mysql-5.6.31-winx64.zip解压到E:\JavaWebDeveloper\文件下，打开命令提示符以管理员身份运行，cd到E:\JavaWebDeveloper\mysql-5.6.31-winx64\bin下
命令为：cd /d E:\JavaWebDeveloper\mysql-5.6.31-winx64\bin

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(2)安装MySQL
mysqld install，运行命令后MySQL安装成功。

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(3)启动MySQL服务。
net start mysql将启动MySQL服务。值得注意的是用命令安装的MySQL在Windows系统下默认服务名为mysql，默认密码为空。

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(4)配置环境变量
1)新建MYSQL_HOME变量，并配置值为:E:\JavaWebDeveloper\mysql-5.6.31-winx64
MYSQL_HOME：E:\JavaWebDeveloper\mysql-5.6.31-winx64
2)编辑path系统变量，将%MYSQL_HOME%\bin添加到path变量后。配置path环境变量，也可不新建MYSQL_HOME变量，而是直接将MySQL安装目录下的bin配置到path变量下，
Path：%MYSQL_HOME%\bin

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(5)进入MySQL
mysql -u root -p，密码默认为空。显示“mysql>”表示进入MySQL，可用T-SQL语句对数据库执行各种操作。也可用数据库图形化管理工具对数据库进行管理

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二、net start mysql 服务无法启动

MySQL 5.7.20 net start mysql 服务无法启动-“NET HELPMSG 3534” 的奇怪问题 http://blog.csdn.net/ender__/article/details/53689804

执行mysqld --initialize-insecure出现错误提示

C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysqld --initialize-insecure
mysqld: Can't create directory 'D:\Program Files oft\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\data' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
2016-12-16T02:12:53.583901Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-16T02:12:53.583901Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-12-16T02:12:53.583901Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2016-12-16T02:12:53.583901Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file 'D:\Program Files oft\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\share\errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
2016-12-16T02:12:53.583901Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

只好把目录改成反斜杠 在mysql-5.7.14-winx64\下面创建my.ini文件，如下
[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port=3306
character_set_server=utf8
basedir=D:/Program Files/soft/mysql-5.7.14-winx64/mysql-5.7.14-winx64

解压目录

datadir=D:/Program Files/soft/mysql-5.7.14-winx64/mysql-5.7.14-winx64/data

解压目录下data目录

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[WinMySQLAdmin]
D:/Program Files/soft/mysql-5.7.14-winx64/mysql-5.7.14-winx64/bin/mysqld.exe

再次执行成功
C:\WINDOWS\system32> mysqld install MySQL --defaults-file="D:\Program Files\soft\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\my.ini"
Service successfully installed.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>net start mysql

MySQL 服务正在启动 .
MySQL 服务已经启动成功