nvidia-smi
Failed to initialize NVML: Driver/library version mismatch

cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version
NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module 460.91.03 Fri Jul 2 06:04:10 UTC 2021
GCC version: gcc version 7.5.0 (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04)

cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep nvidia
2022-02-10 06:18:39 upgrade libnvidia-common-460:all 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:39 status half-configured libnvidia-common-460:all 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:39 status unpacked libnvidia-common-460:all 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:39 status half-installed libnvidia-common-460:all 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:39 status half-installed libnvidia-common-460:all 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:39 status unpacked libnvidia-common-460:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:39 status unpacked libnvidia-common-460:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 install libnvidia-common-470:all <none> 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status half-installed libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status unpacked libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status unpacked libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 configure libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 <none>
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status unpacked libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status half-configured libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status installed libnvidia-common-470:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 configure libnvidia-common-460:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 <none>
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status unpacked libnvidia-common-460:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:40 status half-configured libnvidia-common-460:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
2022-02-10 06:18:41 status installed libnvidia-common-460:all 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1

sudo dpkg --list | grep nvidia-*
[sudo] password for gg:
ii libnvidia-cfg1-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-common-460 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 all Transitional package for libnvidia-common-470
ii libnvidia-common-470 470.103.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii libnvidia-compute-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-compute-460:i386 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-decode-460:i386 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-encode-460:i386 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-extra-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Extra libraries for the NVIDIA driver
ii libnvidia-fbc1-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-fbc1-460:i386 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-gl-460:i386 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-460:amd64 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii libnvidia-ifr1-460:i386 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii nvidia-compute-utils-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA compute utilities
ii nvidia-dkms-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA DKMS package
ii nvidia-driver-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver metapackage
ii nvidia-kernel-common-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Shared files used with the kernel module
ii nvidia-kernel-source-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA kernel source package
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.16~0.18.04.1 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-settings 470.57.01-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-utils-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-460 460.91.03-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVID

驱动从 460.91.03，升级到470.103.01,需要恢复
1输入下条命令，卸载电脑驱动

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

2输入下条命令，把显卡驱动加入ppa（个人软件包文档，仅支持Ubuntu），类似于应用商店

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers
sudo apt-get update
3使用以下命令查看系统版本库中所有nvidia驱动的信息，根据需要选择合适的版本。

$ sudo apt-cache search nvidia
4推荐使用以下命令，查看Ubuntu推荐的驱动版本，从中选择合适的版本。

ubuntu-drivers devices

5显卡的安装

在版本库中选择推荐的驱动版本进行安装。如选择nvidia-driver-460进行安装。

$ sudo apt install nvidia-driver-460 nvidia-settings nvidia-prime

6.重启
sudo reboot

7.输入下条命令，查看解决方案是否生效

nvidia-smi
参考
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40200387/article/details/90341107
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28256407/article/details/115548675