NSOperation NSOperationQueue 的使用
apps.plist

1-apps.plist.png

ZYXApp.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface ZYXApp : NSObject
/** 图标 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *icon;
/** 下载量 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *download;
/** 名字 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;

+ (instancetype)appWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict;
@end

ZYXApp.m

#import "ZYXApp.h"

@implementation ZYXApp
+ (instancetype)appWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict
{
    ZYXApp *app = [[self alloc] init];
    [app setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];
    return app;
}
@end

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"

#import "ZYXApp.h"

@interface ViewController ()
/** 所有数据 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *apps;
/** 内存缓存的图片 url-image对象 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableDictionary *images;
/** 所有的操作对象 url-NSOperation对象 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableDictionary *operations;
/** 队列对象 */
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSOperationQueue *queue;
@end



@implementation ViewController

- (NSOperationQueue *)queue
{
    if (!_queue) {
        _queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
        _queue.maxConcurrentOperationCount = 3;
    }
    return _queue;
}

- (NSMutableDictionary *)operations
{
    if (!_operations) {
        _operations = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
    }
    return _operations;
}

- (NSMutableDictionary *)images
{
    if (!_images) {
        _images = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
    }
    return _images;
}

- (NSArray *)apps
{
    if (!_apps) {
        NSArray *dictArray = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"apps.plist" ofType:nil]];
        
        NSMutableArray *appArray = [NSMutableArray array];
        for (NSDictionary *dict in dictArray) {
            [appArray addObject:[ZYXApp appWithDict:dict]];
        }
        _apps = appArray;
    }
    return _apps;
}



- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    
    self.images = nil;
    self.operations = nil;
    [self.queue cancelAllOperations];
}

#pragma mark - 数据源方法
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView{
    return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{
    return self.apps.count;
}

核心方法:

/**
 * 核心方法
 */
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
    static NSString *ID = @"app";
    UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:ID];
    if (cell == nil) {
        cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:ID];
    }
    
    ZYXApp *app = self.apps[indexPath.row];
    cell.textLabel.text = app.name;
    cell.detailTextLabel.text = app.download;
    
    // 先从内存缓存中取出图片
    UIImage *image = self.images[app.icon];
    if (image) { // 内存中有图片
        cell.imageView.image = image;
    } else {  // 内存中没有图片
        // 获得Library/Caches文件夹
        NSString *cachesPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) firstObject];
        // 获得文件名
        NSString *filename = [app.icon lastPathComponent];
        // 计算出文件的全路径
        NSString *file = [cachesPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:filename];
        // 加载沙盒的文件数据
        NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:file];
        
        if (data) { // 直接利用沙盒中图片
            UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];
            cell.imageView.image = image;
            // 存到字典中
            self.images[app.icon] = image;
        } else { // 下载图片
            cell.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder"];
            
            NSOperation *operation = self.operations[app.icon];
            if (operation == nil) { // 这张图片暂时没有下载任务
                operation = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{
                    // 下载图片
                    NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:app.icon]];
                    // 数据加载失败
                    if (data == nil) {
                        // 移除操作
                        [self.operations removeObjectForKey:app.icon];
                        return;
                    }
                    
                    UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];
                    
                    // 存到字典中
                    self.images[app.icon] = image;
                    
                    // 回到主线程显示图片
                    [[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperationWithBlock:^{
                        [tableView reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationNone];
                    }];
                    
                    // 将图片文件数据写入沙盒中
                    [data writeToFile:file atomically:YES];
                    // 移除操作
                    [self.operations removeObjectForKey:app.icon];
                }];
                
                // 添加到队列中
                [self.queue addOperation:operation];
                
                // 存放到字典中
                self.operations[app.icon] = operation;
            }
        }
    }
    
    return cell;
}

@end

下载的图片在沙盒的保存地址:

/Users/admin/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices/95A0E48B-2AF9-45A0-83AE-6C065C293B5E/data/Containers/Data/Application/8279B407-F09D-4FD8-99F1-7695B1F9FDC1/Library/Caches

2-沙盒中缓存的16张图片.png