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这一部分涉及六个方面。
● 名词成灾
● 代词不清楚
● 词组和从句的位置
● 孤立的修饰语
● 平行结构
● 逻辑关系
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● 名词成灾
在这里作者提到了英语和汉语的一个区别，那就是英语是基于动词的一门语言，而汉语是基于名词的。在我们修饰一个名词时，会把所有的修饰语都放在名词前面，还倾向于使用过多抽象的名词。如果把这样的习惯带入英语，就会增加读者理解的难度。可能我们在使用汉语的时候很自然很流畅，在翻译的时候为了让自己的语言显得正式，故意用一些高级的词汇，结果反倒使得对应的英语过于艰深。看一个对比：
错误: The prolongation of the existence of this temple is due to the solidity of its construction.
正确: This temple has endured because it was solidly built.
为了避免过多地使用名词，作者提出了几个建议：用动词代替名词；用动名词代替名词；用形容词或副词代替名词；看几个例子。
错误: otherwise, there can be no achievements in our work.
正确: otherwise, we can achieve nothing.
错误: economic revitalization will be an arduous task.
正确: revitalizing the economy will be an arduous task.
错误: silk undershirts are rich in elasticity.
正确: silk undershirts are (highly) elastic.
用过多的名词修饰名词的例子："a State Planning Commission document." 在用英语写作时，如果发现自己要用一长串名词去修饰另一个名词，要想想可不可以把其中一部分名词变成句子的另一部分或另起一句，或者能不能引入一个介词帮忙调整句子结构，甚至引入一个连字符也会有帮助。
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● 代词不清楚
首先复习一下代词的分类。常用的代词有三类。
-personal pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they (plus their objective and possessive forms—me/my/mine, him/his, etc. )
-relative pronouns: which, that, who/whom/whose, etc.
-demonstrative pronouns: this, that, these, those
使用代词的规则是：代词之前必须要有先行词，antecedent；先行词要清晰明确；代词要紧挨着先行词；代词要和先行词保持相同的语法结构，包括人称一致、单复数一致和性别一致。看几个例子：
错误: Is it possible that a country like this will be brought down so easily? No, it is not. Neither people in China nor those in other countries, such as the superpowers and the rich countries ,will be able to do that.
正确: Is it possible that a country like this will be brought down so easily? No, it is not. Neither people in China nor those in other countries, such as the superpowers and the rich countries, have the ability to bring China down.
错误: In admitting these persons into the Party, we must neither lower our requirements nor take in everyone who is qualified. The Party organizations should not only examine whether they are qualified politically, but should consider whether admission benefits their revolutionary activities.
正确: In admitting these persons into the Party, we must neither lower our standards nor take in everyone who is qualified. The Party organizations should consider not only whether a candidate is qualified politically, but also whether admission will help him in his revolutionary activities.
错误:Someone is bound to make trouble, but we must not let them cause serious disturbances.
正确:Some people are bound to make trouble, but we must not let them cause serious disturbances.
