1、定制dynamic策略
（1）true：遇到陌生字段，就进行dynamic mapping
（2）遇到陌生字段，就忽略
（3）strict: 遇到陌生字段，就报错
实例
PUT /my_index
{
"mappings": {
"my_type": {
"dynamic" : "strict",
"properties": {
"title" : {
"type": "text"
},
"address" : {
"type": "object",
"dynamic" : "true"
}
}
}
}
}
创建了一个只能有title和address字段的type。因为dynamic：strict。而address里面可以有任意字段，因为dynamic：true
Demo1
PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
"title" : "my article",
"content" : "this is my article",
"address" : {
"province" : "guangdong",
"city" : "guangzhou"
}
}
结果
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "strict_dynamic_mapping_exception",
"reason": "mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed"
}
],
"type": "strict_dynamic_mapping_exception",
"reason": "mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed"
},
"status": 400
}
报错了，说type是strict_dynamic。没有content。
Demo2，删除content
PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
"title" : "my article",
"address" : {
"province" : "guangdong",
"city" : "guangzhou",
"area" : "heheda"
}
}
结果：
{
"_index": "my_index",
"_type": "my_type",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"created": true
}
查看刚才生成的mapping是什么样的？
GET /my_index/_mapping/my_type/
{
"my_index": {
"mappings": {
"my_type": {
"dynamic": "strict",
"properties": {
"address": {
"dynamic": "true",
"properties": {
"area": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
},
"city": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
},
"province": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
}
}
},
"title": {
"type": "text"
}
}
}
}
}
}
2、定制dynamic mapping策略
（1）date_detection
默认会按照一定格式识别date，比如yyyy-MM-dd。但是如果某个field先过来一个2017-01-05的值，就会被自动dynamic mapping成date类型，后面如果再来一个比如“hello world”这种非date格式的value，就会报错。
可以手动关闭某个type的date_detection，如果有需要，自己手动指定某个field为date类型。
PUT /my_index/_mapping/my_type
{
"date_detection": false
}
（2）定制自己的dynamic mapping template（type level）
PUT /my_index2
{
"mappings": {
"my_type": {
"dynamic_templates": [
{
"en": {
"match": "*_en",
"match_mapping_type": "string",
"mapping": {
"type": "string",
"analyzer": "english"
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
新增两条数据
PUT /my_index2/my_type/1
{
"title": "this is my first article"
}
PUT /my_index2/my_type/2
{
"title_en": "this is my first article"
}
进行查询
GET /my_index2/my_type/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": "is"
}
}
}
结果
{
"took": 98,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.2824934,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "my_index2",
"_type": "my_type",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2824934,
"_source": {
"title": "this is my first article"
}
}
]
}
}
可以查出记录
GET /my_index2/my_type/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"titl_en": "is"
}
}
}
结果
{
"took": 1,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 0,
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
}
}
查询不出结果
title没有匹配到任何的dynamic模板，默认就是standard分词器，不会过滤停用词，is会进入倒排索引，用is来搜索是可以搜索到的
title_en匹配到了dynamic模板，就是English分词器，会过滤停用词，is这种停用词就会被过滤掉，用is来搜索就搜索不到了。
（3）定制自己的default mapping template（index level）
PUT /my_index
{
"mappings": {
"_default_": {
"_all": { "enabled": false }
},
"blog": {
"_all": { "enabled": true }
}
}
}
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