Linux服务器安装Redis数据库
1.下载redis并安装
在Linux服务器上，命令行执行以下命令（cd ./usr local/src 一般源码放在这里（推荐源码安装））
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
tar xzf redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
cd redis-3.0.7
make
make all
make install
说明：
wget：下载远程文件到本地当前文件夹中。
tar xzf ：解压文件到当前文件夹目录
cd：进入文件夹
make make all make install：安装redis
执行完，进入目录/usr/local/bin 多了几个文件：
redis-server：Redis服务器的daemon启动程序
redis-cli：Redis命令行操作工具。当然，你也可以用telnet根据其纯文本协议来操作
redis-benchmark：Redis性能测试工具，测试Redis在你的系统及你的配置下的读写性能
redis-stat：Redis状态检测工具，可以检测Redis当前状态参数及延迟状况
具体过程:
# pwd
/usr/local/perry
[root@cloud perry]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
-bash: wget: command not found -->wget 命令不识别 安装即可
[root@cloud perry]# yum -y install wget
...
Installed:
wget.x86_64 0:1.12-10.el6
Complete!
# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
--2017-09-09 17:24:34-- http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
Resolving download.redis.io... 109.74.203.151
Connecting to download.redis.io|109.74.203.151|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1375200 (1.3M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: “redis-3.0.7.tar.gz”
100%[==========================================================>] 1,375,200 561K/s in 2.4s
2017-09-09 17:24:38 (561 KB/s) - “redis-3.0.7.tar.gz” saved [1375200/1375200]
[root@cloud perry]# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.20.tar.gz redis-3.0.7.tar.gz tomcat
至此已经下载完成了,直接安装
# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.20.tar.gz redis-3.0.7 redis-3.0.7.tar.gz tomcat
[root@cloud perry]# cd redis-3.0.7
[root@cloud redis-3.0.7]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-sentinel tests
BUGS deps MANIFESTO runtest sentinel.conf utils
CONTRIBUTING INSTALL README runtest-cluster src
[root@cloud redis-3.0.7]# make
....
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src'
# make all
cd src && make all
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src'
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src'
redis-3.0.7]# make install
cd src && make install
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src'
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src'
[root@cloud redis-3.0.7]# cd /usr/local/bin
[root@cloud bin]# ls
crc32 parl par.pl redis-benchmark redis-check-dump redis-sentinel scandeps.pl
instmodsh parldyn pp redis-check-aof redis-cli redis-server tkpp
redis源码位置
# cd /usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7
[root@cloud redis-3.0.7]# pwd
/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7
[root@cloud redis-3.0.7]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-sentinel tests
BUGS deps MANIFESTO runtest sentinel.conf utils
CONTRIBUTING INSTALL README runtest-cluster src
2.配置redis
# pwd
/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7
# vi redis.conf
# bind 127.0.0.1 # 注释掉绑定IP,可以允许远程访问或自行绑定固定IP
daemonize yes #后台启动
requirepass 密码 #密码,尽可能设置复杂,容易被程序多次试错破解
2.1 在Linux中开放防火墙的6379端口
打开配置文件
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
添加下面一行代码到文件中去 (:wq保存退出)
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -->已经存在Port22
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 6379 -j ACCEPT --->下面加一个86379
重启防火墙
service iptables restart
3.启动停止Redis
通过配置文件启动->查看redis进程是否在运行—>看端口6379监听情况—>启动redis命令行客户端
# redis-server /usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/redis.conf
[root@cloud ~]# ps -ef |grep redis
root 28139 1 0 17:55 ? 00:00:00 redis-server *:6379
root 28150 24866 0 17:55 pts/0 00:00:00 grep redis
[root@cloud ~]#
[root@cloud ~]# netstat -lntp | grep 6379
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 28139/redis-server
tcp 0 0 :::6379 :::* LISTEN 28139/redis-server
[root@cloud ~]# ./redis-cli -a 密码
-bash: ./redis-cli: No such file or directory
[root@cloud ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set key 999999
关闭redis(无密码的redis可以直接关闭,那种一般都是绑定本地的,安全性高)
redis-cli -a 密码 -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 shutdown
补充:
如果是用apt-get或者yum install安装的redis，可以直接通过下面的命令停止/启动/重启redis
/etc/init.d/redis-server stop
/etc/init.d/redis-server start
/etc/init.d/redis-server restart
如果是通过源码安装的redis，则可以通过redis的客户端程序redis-cli的shutdown命令来重启redis
redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 shutdown
如果上述方式都没有成功停止redis，则可以使用终极武器 kill -9
4.开机启动Redis
4.1修改redis.conf，打开后台运行选项
daemonize yes
4.2 编写脚本，vim /etc/init.d/redis:
# vi /etc/init.d/redis
脚本内容:注意
下面面的注释的意思是，redis服务必须在运行级2，3，4，5下被启动或关闭，启动的优先级是90，关闭的优先级是10。不能更改
# chkconfig: 2345 90 10
# description: Redis is a persistent key-value database
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin
REDISPORT=6379 #实际环境而定
PWD=密码 #密码,有就设置,没有不需要
EXEC=/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src/redis-server #实际环境而定,安装包的位置找
REDIS_CLI=/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/src/redis-cli #实际环境而定
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis.pid
CONF="/usr/local/perry/redis-3.0.7/redis.conf" #实际环境而定
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed."
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF
fi
if [ "$?"="0" ]
then
echo "Redis is running..."
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is not running."
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping...use password...."
# 这里没有密码的可以去掉-a $PWD,设置了密码的要加上,不然无法stop
$REDIS_CLI -a $PWD -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN
while [ -x $PIDFILE ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
restart|force-reload)
${0} stop
${0} start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
exit 1
esac
4.3 执行权限
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/redis
4.5开机启动
# chkconfig redis on
4.6服务启动redis
# service redis start
Starting Redis server...
Redis is running...
# service redis stop
Stopping...
Redis stopped
