Turkey wildfires: Despair and questions as forests burn

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毁灭性的野火肆虐森林和村庄,造成至少 8 人死亡,并烧毁了大片土地。

Devastating wildfires have tore through forests and villages, killing at least eight people and burned through huge tracts of land.

土耳其马纳夫加特——土耳其南部海岸线正在燃烧。在安塔利亚马纳夫加特地区树木繁茂的山丘上,天空中一缕缕浓烟接连出现,每一次森林火灾得到控制,另一场森林火灾似乎都在燃烧。

Manavgat, Turkey – Turkey’s southern coastline is burning. On the wooded hills of Antalya’s Manavgat district, plumes of thick smoke appear in the sky one after another as each time a forest fire is brought under control, another seems to ignite.

血红色的太阳穿过灰黄的阴霾,随着能见度的提高,森林和村庄被烧焦的骨骼残骸显露出来。许多人认为,这只是世界进入气候危机时代的最新迹象,而土耳其并没有为此做好准备。

A blood-red sun shines through the sallow haze and as visibility clears, the charred, skeletal remains of what were forests and villages are revealed. This, many believe, is just the latest sign the world is entering an era of climate crisis, and Turkey is not prepared for it.

根据欧洲森林火灾信息系统的数据,在过去六天里,土耳其南部和其他地区发生了 132 场破坏性大火,造成 8 人死亡,至少烧毁 118,789 公顷土地。

Over the past six days, 132 destructive blazes have raged through southern and other parts of Turkey, killing eight people and burning at least 118,789 hectares of land, according to the European Forest Fire Information System.

尽管争议不断,但土耳其的许多人认为火灾是“蓄意破坏”的结果——这一理论受到了许多政客的鼓励——它们恰逢几个月的严重干旱和极端气温。

While controversy is rife, with many in Turkey believing the fires are the result of “sabotage” – a theory encouraged by many politicians – they coincide both with months of severe drought and extreme temperatures.

安塔利亚是一个旅游热点,每年这个时候平均气温接近 30 摄氏度(95 华氏度),本周最高气温超过 40 摄氏度。7 月 20 日,土耳其东南部记录了有史以来最热的温度,达到 49.1(120.38 华氏度)。

Antalya, a tourist hotspot that averages near the mid-30s Celsius (95 Fahrenheit) at this time of year, has seen highs of more than 40C this week. On July 20, Turkey recorded its hottest ever temperature at 49.1 (120.38 Fahrenheit) degrees in the southeast.

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许多大火在博德鲁姆和马尔马里斯等深受当地和欧洲游客欢迎的海滩目的地附近的森林中肆虐,人们乘坐汽车、小船,有时甚至乘坐豪华游艇逃离。气温飙升也导致欧洲南部大部分地区发生野火,包括希腊、西班牙和意大利。

Many of the blazes tore through forests near beach destinations popular with local and European tourists, such as Bodrum and Marmaris, with people fleeing in cars, small boats and in some cases luxury yachts. Soaring temperatures have also seen wildfires break out across much of southern Europe, including Greece, Spain and Italy.

马纳夫加特是土耳其受火灾影响最严重的地方之一,虽然季节性火灾对当地生态系统来说是正常的,甚至是健康的,但环保组织表示从未见过如此规模的火灾。由于风景干燥,强风——特别是从东北部吹来的,在土耳其被称为“poyraz”——当局正努力采取足够快的行动来控制事情。

Manavgat is among the most fire-affected places in Turkey, and while seasonal fires are normal and even healthy for the local ecosystem, environmental groups say they have never been seen on this scale. With the landscape parched and strong winds – in particular, one that blows from the northeast known as “poyraz” in Turkey – the authorities are struggling to move fast enough to control things.

Sirtkoy 小村庄的主要收入来自种植用于烹饪的芳香月桂叶,但在周日凌晨发生火灾。一个小时之内,当地学校被夷为平地,许多房屋被夷为平地。

The small village of Sirtkoy, where the main income comes from growing aromatic bay leaves used in cooking, caught fire in the early hours of Sunday morning. Within an hour, the local school was gutted and many of the houses were reduced to rubble.

不愿透露姓氏的居民穆斯塔法(Mustafa)指着曾是他朋友房子的一堆发黑、仍在冒烟的石头说:“昨天这个地区一切都很好。” “今天早上 5 点起火,大火烧毁了。早上 6 点,火熄灭了,但是到了早上 9 点,风又来了,火也跟着来了。”

“All of this area was fine yesterday,” said resident Mustafa, who did not want to give his last name, pointing to a blackened, still-smouldering pile of stones that had been his friend’s house. “The fires came this morning at 5am and this burned down. At 6am, the fire was done, but at 9am the wind came back again and so did the fire.”

当半岛电视台周日下午访问锡尔特科伊时,飞机、消防员和林业工人不知疲倦地战斗着控制火焰,就像蜡烛一样,不断重新点燃。刺鼻的烟雾使他们的眼白变红,许多男性除了一次性外科口罩外,几乎没有什么可以保护他们的肺部。

When Al Jazeera visited Sirtkoy on Sunday afternoon, planes, firefighters and forestry workers battled tirelessly to control flames that, like a trick candle, kept reigniting. With pungent smoke turning the whites of their eyes red, many of the men had little more to protect their lungs than disposable surgical masks.

村民们用瓶装水浇在外墙和财产上,拼命地试图将火扑灭,而有些人则问,为什么当局尚未对许多人预见到的灾难没有做好准备而承担责任。

Villagers doused exterior walls and possessions with bottles of water, trying desperately to keep the flames away, while some asked why the authorities were yet to take responsibility for a lack of preparation for a disaster that many could see coming.

“没有人对这些火灾负责,今天之后我们什么也没有,”居民 Hatice Cinar 说,烧毁的树木倒塌的声音从下面的森林中响起。

“No one has taken responsibility for these fires and we have nothing after today,” said resident Hatice Cinar, the sound of burned trees collapsing ringing from the forest below.

Cinar 说这个村庄不适合种植蔬菜或饲养动物,所以他们知道的唯一生活方式就是种植月桂叶——她有 500 棵树,她希望这会给她 18 岁的儿子一个未来,但他们已经都被摧毁了。

Cinar said the village is not suitable for growing vegetables or keeping animals so the only way of life they know is growing bay leaves – she had 500 trees, which she had hoped would give her 18-year-old son a future, but they have all been destroyed.

“森林让我们失去了一切,”她说。

“With the forest, we lost everything,” she said.

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