安装版本:mosquitto1.4.4
mosquitto官网:http://mosquitto.org/
关于mqtt协议可参考:http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.html
libwebsockets下载地址 https://github.com/warmcat/libwebsockets/releases
系统版本: centos 6.7
1. 安装依赖包
yum install gcc gcc-c++
yum install openssl-devel
yum install c-ares-devel
yum install libuuid-devel
yum install wget
yum install cmake
yum install build-essential python quilt devscripts python-setuptools python3
yum install libssl-dev libc-ares-dev uuid-dev daemon openssl-devel
下载并编译安装libwebsockets
wget https://github.com/warmcat/libwebsockets/archive/v3.2.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf v3.2.1.tar.gz
cd libwebsockets-3.2.1
mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -DLIB_SUFFIX=64
make install
ldconfig
2. 下载并解压mosquitto
mkdir /usr/local/mqtt
cd /usr/local/mqtt
wget http://mosquitto.org/files/source/mosquitto-1.4.9.tar.gz
tar -xzvf mosquitto-1.4.9.tar.gz
cd mosquitto-1.4.9
3. 修改配置文件
config.mk包括了多个选项, 可按需关闭或开启,但一旦开启则需要先安装对应的模块
vim config.mk
选项 | 说明 | make时的出错信息 |
---|---|---|
WITH_SRV | 启用c-areas库的支持,一个支持异步DNS查找的库,见http://c-ares.haxx.se | missing ares.h |
WITH_UUID | 启用lib-uuid支持,支持为每个连接的客户端生成唯一的uuid | missing uuid.h |
WITH_WEBSOCKETS | 启用websocket支持,需安装libwebsockets,对于需要使用websocket协议的应用开启 | missing libwebsockets.h |
- 安装c-areas
yum install c-ares-devel -y
- 安装lib-uuid
yum install uuid-devel -y
yum install libuuid-devel -y
- 安装libwebsockets
yum install openssl-devel -y
注意:若遇到以上模块无法安装的情况,可将对应模块选项关闭即可,但相应功能也将无法提供
4. 开始安装
make
make install
程序文件将默认安装到以下位置
路径 | 程序文件 |
---|---|
/usr/local/sbin | mosquiotto server |
/etc/mosquitto | configuration |
/usr/local/bin | utility command |
- 修正链接库路径
由于操作系统版本及架构原因,很容易出现安装之后的链接库无法被找到,如启动mosquitto客户端可能出现找不到libmosquitto.so.1文件,因此需要添加链接库路径
vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/liblocal.conf
在文件中添加以下内容:
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/lib
刷新
ldconfig
5. 启动
- mosquitto默认以mosquitto用户启动(可以通过配置文件修改),需添加用户
groupadd mosquitto
useradd -g mosquitto mosquitto
- 修改配置文件
mv /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf.example /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
# =================================================================
# General configuration
# =================================================================
# 客户端心跳的间隔时间
#retry_interval 20
# 系统状态的刷新时间
#sys_interval 10
# 系统资源的回收时间,0表示尽快处理
#store_clean_interval 10
# 服务进程的PID
#pid_file /var/run/mosquitto.pid
# 服务进程的系统用户
#user mosquitto
# 客户端心跳消息的最大并发数
#max_inflight_messages 10
# 客户端心跳消息缓存队列
#max_queued_messages 100
# 用于设置客户端长连接的过期时间,默认永不过期
#persistent_client_expiration
# =================================================================
# Default listener
# =================================================================
# 服务绑定的IP地址
#bind_address
# 服务绑定的端口号
#port 1883
# 允许的最大连接数,-1表示没有限制
#max_connections -1
# cafile:CA证书文件
# capath:CA证书目录
# certfile:PEM证书文件
# keyfile:PEM密钥文件
#cafile
#capath
#certfile
#keyfile
# 必须提供证书以保证数据安全性
#require_certificate false
# 若require_certificate值为true,use_identity_as_username也必须为true
#use_identity_as_username false
# 启用PSK(Pre-shared-key)支持
#psk_hint
# SSL/TSL加密算法,可以使用“openssl ciphers”命令获取
# as the output of that command.
#ciphers
# =================================================================
# Persistence
# =================================================================
# 消息自动保存的间隔时间
#autosave_interval 1800
# 消息自动保存功能的开关
#autosave_on_changes false
# 持久化功能的开关
persistence true
# 持久化DB文件
#persistence_file mosquitto.db
# 持久化DB文件目录
#persistence_location /var/lib/mosquitto/
# =================================================================
# Logging
# =================================================================
# 4种日志模式:stdout、stderr、syslog、topic
# none 则表示不记日志,此配置可以提升些许性能
log_dest none
# 选择日志的级别(可设置多项)
#log_type error
#log_type warning
#log_type notice
#log_type information
# 是否记录客户端连接信息
#connection_messages true
# 是否记录日志时间
#log_timestamp true
# =================================================================
# Security
# =================================================================
# 客户端ID的前缀限制,可用于保证安全性
#clientid_prefixes
# 允许匿名用户
#allow_anonymous true
# 用户/密码文件,默认格式:username:password
#password_file
# PSK格式密码文件,默认格式:identity:key
#psk_file
# pattern write sensor/%u/data
# ACL权限配置,常用语法如下:
# 用户限制:user <username>
# 话题限制:topic [read|write] <topic>
# 正则限制:pattern write sensor/%u/data
#acl_file
# =================================================================
# Bridges
# =================================================================
# 允许服务之间使用“桥接”模式(可用于分布式部署)
#connection <name>
#address <host>[:<port>]
#topic <topic> [[[out | in | both] qos-level] local-prefix remote-prefix]
# 设置桥接的客户端ID
#clientid
# 桥接断开时,是否清除远程服务器中的消息
#cleansession false
# 是否发布桥接的状态信息
#notifications true
# 设置桥接模式下,消息将会发布到的话题地址
# $SYS/broker/connection/<clientid>/state
#notification_topic
# 设置桥接的keepalive数值
#keepalive_interval 60
# 桥接模式,目前有三种:automatic、lazy、once
#start_type automatic
# 桥接模式automatic的超时时间
#restart_timeout 30
# 桥接模式lazy的超时时间
#idle_timeout 60
# 桥接客户端的用户名
#username
# 桥接客户端的密码
#password
# bridge_cafile:桥接客户端的CA证书文件
# bridge_capath:桥接客户端的CA证书目录
# bridge_certfile:桥接客户端的PEM证书文件
# bridge_keyfile:桥接客户端的PEM密钥文件
#bridge_cafile
#bridge_capath
#bridge_certfile
#bridge_keyfile
- 设置用户名和密码
将配置文件中#allow_anonymous true去掉注释,设置为false,#password_file去掉注释并添加密码文件保存的位置
allow_anonymous false
password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example
mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example 用户名
之后需输入两次密码
注意如果想添加用户
mosquitto_passwd -b /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example 用户名 密码
同样连续会提示连续输入两次密码。注意第二次创建用户时不用加 -c 如果加 -c 会把第一次创建的用户覆盖。
启动
mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf -d
测试
- 成功将启动1883端口监听
- 新建两个shell端口A/B
A 订阅主题: mosquitto_sub -t 主题名 -h 主机IP -u 用户名 -P 密码
如:mosquitto_sub -t topic -h localhost -u bjfl -P deng@123456
B 推送消息: mosquitto_pub -t主题名-h主机IP -m "消息内容" -u用户名 -P 密码
如:mosquitto_pub -t topic -h localhost -m "你好,mqtt" -u bjfl -P deng@123456 - 可以在A窗口看到由B推送的消息,此外服务端窗口也可以看到客户端连接和端口的日志
1443083396: New client connected from 127.0.0.1 as mosqpub/31924-iZ94eb8yq (c1, k60).
1443083396: Client mosqpub/31924-iZ94eb8yq disconnected.
注意:输入密码时特殊字符需要用转义符“\”
问题汇总
- 启动mosquitto报错
error while loading shared libraries: libwebsockets.so.4.0.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
或者
error while loading shared libraries: libmosquitto.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方法
找不到链接库,通过locate或find命令找到libwebsockets.so.4.0.0,将其目录添加至ldconfg配置中:
vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/liblocal.conf
添加如下内容
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/lib
ldconfig - 编译找不到openssl/ssl.h
解决方法
yum install openssl-devel - 编译报错
mosquitto.c:871: error: ‘struct mosquitto’ has no member named ‘achan’
找不到areas.h
解决方法
安装 c-areas模块(见上文)或将config.mk中WITH_SRV选项关闭 - make test 提示不支持协议
Address family not supported by protocol
一般是指所访问的地址类型不被支持,比如IPV6,忽略该错误即可
出现./mosquitto_sub: error while loading shared libraries: libmosquitto.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory\
执行命令:
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmosquitto.so.1 /usr/lib/libmosquitto.so.1
ldconfig
php workerman使用
发布者
<?php
require __DIR__ . './vendor/autoload.php';
use Workerman\Worker;
$worker = new Worker();
$worker->onWorkerStart = function () {
$qos = 0;
$port = 8883;
$keepalive = 90;
$cleanSession = true;
$clientId='test123456';
$topic='test';
$options = [
'username' => 'test',
'password' => '123456',
'keepalive' => $cleanSession,
'clean_session' => $keepalive,
'client_id' => $clientId,
'debug' => false,
'ssl'=>[
'local_pk' => './mqtt_ssl/privkey.pem',
'verify_peer' => false,
],
];
$clicke = "mqtt://127.0.0.1:$port";
$mqtt = new Workerman\Mqtt\Client($clicke, $options);
$mqtt->onConnect = function ($mqtt) use ($topic, $qos) {
$mqtt->publish( 'test', 'xini workerman mqtt', ['qos' => $qos]);
};
$mqtt->connect();
};
Worker::runAll();
订阅者
<?php
require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';
use Workerman\Worker;
$worker = new Worker();
$worker->onWorkerStart = function () {
$qos=0;
$topic='test';
$port = 8883;
$keepalive = 90;
$cleanSession = true;
$clientId = 'test123456';
$options = [
'username' => 'test',
'password' => '123456',
'keepalive' => $cleanSession,
'clean_session' => $keepalive,
'client_id' => $clientId,
'debug' => false,
'ssl' => [
'local_pk' => './mqtt_ssl/privkey.pem',
'verify_peer' => false,
],
];
$clicke = "mqtt://127.0.0.1:$port";
$mqtt = new Workerman\Mqtt\Client($clicke, $options);
$mqtt->onConnect = function ($mqtt) use ($topic, $qos) {
$mqtt->subscribe('test', ['qos' => $qos]);
};
$mqtt->onMessage = function ($topic, $content) {
var_dump($topic, $content);
};
$mqtt->connect();
};
Worker::runAll();