环境：
- 系统版本：CentOS7.2.1511 dvd
- 软件版本：kubervetes v1.9.2，etcd v3.3.0
安装前的准备工作
1.从github上下载release版本。本文中使用v1.9.2版本。
2.解压到工作目录下，查看client/README文件，根据提示下载二进制文件
解压后的目录
查看README提示
3.根据提示执行get-kube-binaries.sh文件（如果提示“curl: (35) TCP connection reset by peer”连接失败，linux需要设置代理）
4.执行结束后会再server目录下生成kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz文件。解压后找到一个子目录bin里面有所有kubernetes用到的二进制文件（下一步分别介绍每一个服务的安装）
5.下载etcd的release安装包，解压后里面就有etcd, etcdctl二进制文件（etcd的release有很多版本，注意下载对应系统的，如果二进制文件启动出错则检测是否下载了对应的安装包）
配置服务端各项服务
注意：1.systemctl配置相关变化都需要执行systemctl daemon-reload
1 安装etcd
拷贝etcd，etcdctl文件到/usr/bin目录下
编写服务文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service，确保配置中的文件都存在。systemctl start etcd启动服务验证启动成功
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
#etcd配置文件使用默认值，如果需要修改，参考附录中的完整文件
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
User=etcd
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /usr/bin/etcd --name=\"${ETCD_NAME}\" --data-dir=\"${ETCD_DATA_DIR}\" --listen-client-urls=\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\""
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
2 安装kube-apiserver服务
服务中指定了kube用户，所以需要先创建kube用户，及/etc/kubernetes目录用于存放配置文件
编辑服务文件
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
After=etcd.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/apiserver
User=kube
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS \
$KUBE_API_ADDRESS \
$KUBE_API_PORT \
$KUBELET_PORT \
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
$KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES \
$KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL \
$KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
配置文件在附录中，上述文件为systemctl服务启动文件，修改后需要执行systemctl daemon-reload。
脚本中ExecStart启动的参数是在配置文件中写明的变量
我在启动服务的时候遇到了没有/var/run/kubernetes文件错误，所以需要先创建文件，并且修改所有者为kube
3.安装kube-controller-manager
该服务依赖于kube-apiserver服务
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
User=kube
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
4. kube-scheduler服务
kube-scheduler服务也依赖于kube-apiserver服务
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/scheduler
User=kube
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
配置Node节点服务
注意：工作节点需要先装好docker daemon并正常启动
1. kubelet服务
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBELET_API_SERVER \
$KUBELET_ADDRESS \
$KUBELET_PORT \
$KUBELET_HOSTNAME \
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
$KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER \
$KUBELET_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
2. kube-proxy服务
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/proxy
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-proxy \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_PROXY_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
附录：
1. /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
# [member]
ETCD_NAME=default
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
#ETCD_WAL_DIR=""
#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="10000"
#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"
#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"
#ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://localhost:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://localhost:2379"
#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"
#ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"
#ETCD_CORS=""
#
#[cluster]
#ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://localhost:2380"
# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test), set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="default=http://localhost:2380"
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://localhost:2379"
#ETCD_DISCOVERY=""
#ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV=""
#ETCD_DISCOVERY_FALLBACK="proxy"
#ETCD_DISCOVERY_PROXY=""
#ETCD_STRICT_RECONFIG_CHECK="false"
#ETCD_AUTO_COMPACTION_RETENTION="0"
#ETCD_ENABLE_V2="true"
#
#[proxy]
#ETCD_PROXY="off"
#ETCD_PROXY_FAILURE_WAIT="5000"
#ETCD_PROXY_REFRESH_INTERVAL="30000"
#ETCD_PROXY_DIAL_TIMEOUT="1000"
#ETCD_PROXY_WRITE_TIMEOUT="5000"
#ETCD_PROXY_READ_TIMEOUT="0"
#
#[security]
#ETCD_CERT_FILE=""
#ETCD_KEY_FILE=""
#ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="false"
#ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE=""
#ETCD_AUTO_TLS="false"
#ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE=""
#ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE=""
#ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="false"
#ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE=""
#ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="false"
#
#[logging]
#ETCD_DEBUG="false"
# examples for -log-package-levels etcdserver=WARNING,security=DEBUG
#ETCD_LOG_PACKAGE_LEVELS=""
#
#[profiling]
#ETCD_ENABLE_PPROF="false"
#ETCD_METRICS="basic"
#
#[auth]
#ETCD_AUTH_TOKEN="simple"
2. /etc/kubernetes/config
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
# kubernetes services, including
#
# kube-apiserver.service
# kube-controller-manager.service
# kube-scheduler.service
# kubelet.service
# kube-proxy.service
# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
# journal message level, 0 is debug
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=false"
# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://0.0.0.0:8080"
3. /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
#
# The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1"
# The port on the local server to listen on.
# KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
# Port minions listen on
# KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
# Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://127.0.0.1:2379"
# Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
# default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"
# Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS=""
4. /etc/kubernetes/controller-manage
文件虽然为空，但此处为留下参数位置提供后续配置
###
# The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager
# defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate
# Add your own!
# --master: 指定apiserver的URL地址
# --logtostderr: 设置为false表示将日志写入文件，不写入stderr
# --log-dir: 日志目录
# --v: 日志级别
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"
5. /etc/kubernetes/scheduler
###
# kubernetes scheduler config
# default config should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"
6. /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
###
# kubernetes kubelet (minion) config
# The address for the info server to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 or "" for all interfaces)
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=127.0.0.1"
# The port for the info server to serve on
# KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"
# You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=127.0.0.1"
# location of the api-server
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://127.0.0.1:8080"
# pod infrastructure container
KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest"
# Add your own!
# --hostname-override本节点名字
KUBELET_ARGS="--api-servers=http://127.0.0.1:8080 --hostname-override=node1 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/varlog/kubernetes --v=2"
7. /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy
###
# kubernetes proxy config
# default config should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_PROXY_ARGS=""
