七、整合SSM
目录:环境要求、基本环境搭建、代码编写
1.环境要求
- IDEA
- MySQL 5.7.34
- Tomcat 9.0.48
- Maven 3.8.1
数据库环境:
以书籍管理为例:
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表。
测试表的创建及添加数据的代码,可下载使用:https://share.weiyun.com/QNwrCNrs,也可以直接复制下方。
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'SSM',8,'从光头到秃头'),
(4,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
2.基本环境搭建
1)新建一个Maven项目(ssmbuildaboutbooks),添加web app支持。
2)导入相关的pom依赖。
<dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接:mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.49</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池:druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.19</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet和JSP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1-b03</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis与spring整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.20</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3)Maven资源过滤设置。
<!-- 解决静态资源导出问题 -->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
<exclude>**/*.xml</exclude>
</excludes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
4)建立基本结构和配置框架。
mybatis-config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>
applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring- beans.xsd">
</beans>
3.代码编写
1)MyBatis层编写
①数据库配置文件database.properties:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用MySQL 8.0+,需要增加时区的配置 &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&failOverReadOnly=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
②IDEA关联MySQL数据库。
③编写MyBatis的核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置数据源,可以交给Spring去做 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.ping.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.ping.dao.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
④编写数据库对应的实体类Books.java:
使用了Lombok插件。
package com.ping.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
⑤ 编写Dao层的Mapper接口BookMapper.java:
package com.ping.dao;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一本Book
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一本Book
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
//查询全部的Book,返回一个List集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
⑥编写接口对应的Mapper.xml文件,需要导入MyBatis的包BookMapper.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ping.dao.BookMapper">
<!-- 增加一本Book -->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
value (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>
<!-- 根据id删除一本Book -->
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId}
</delete>
<!-- 更新Book -->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID}
</update>
<!-- 根据id查询,返回一本Book -->
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookId}
</select>
<!-- 查询全部的Book -->
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
</mapper>
⑦编写Service层的接口和实现类。
接口BookService.java:
package com.ping.service;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一本Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一本Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部的Book,返回一个List集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
实现类BookServiceImpl.java:
package com.ping.service;
import com.ping.dao.BookMapper;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//Service层调用Dao层操作,设置一个set接口,方便Spring管理
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
public int addBook(Books book) {
return bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
}
2)Spring层编写
①配置Spring整合MyBatis,这里数据源使用alibaba的druid连接池。
②编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件spring-dao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合MyBatis -->
<!-- 关联数据库文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!-- 数据库连接池:druid -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1 FROM DUAL" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 绑定MyBatis全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.ping.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
数据库连接池:
Ⅰdbcp:半自动化操作,不能自动连接。
Ⅱc3p0:自动化操作(自动的加载配置文件,并且设置到对象里面)。
Ⅲdruid
③Spring整合service层的配置文件spring-service.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ping.service"/>
<!-- BookServiceImpl注入到IoC容器中 -->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.ping.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="BookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3)SpringMVC层编写
①web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 配置springmvc的前端控制器,指向spring-mvc.xml程序在启动的时候就加载springmv 可以接受所有请求load-on-startup:表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称, 默认为WEB-INF目录下,名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,如spring-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 将前端URL请求和后台处理方法controller建立对应关系-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--encodingFilter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session过期时间-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
②spring-mvc.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置JSP,显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ping.controller"/>
</beans>
③Spring配置整合文件applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
4)Controller和视图层编写
①编写BookController类BookController.java:
package com.ping.controller;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import com.ping.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//controller层调service层
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍,并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
②编写首页index.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这是首页</h1>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">连接</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
③编写获取书籍列表页面allbook.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>书籍展示</h1>
<table width="600" border="1">
<tr>
<td>编号</td>
<td>名称</td>
<td>数量</td>
<td>介绍</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${list}" var="book">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
还可以进行添加书籍、修改书籍、删除书籍等代码编写。
配置Tomcat,进行测试。
项目结构图:
SSM基础项目搭建(以书籍管理为例)的代码可下载使用:https://share.weiyun.com/8apKwEFh