转自https://www.cnblogs.com/yjlch1016/p/8371049.html，感谢原作者。
提示：安装zabbix前，先按照下面的步骤安装MySQL
一、安装MySQL（参考资料：https://blog.csdn.net/james_nan/article/details/82053430#commentBox）
（1）sudo apt-get install mysql-server
按照提示输入密码
（2）sudo apt-get install mysql-client
（3）sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
测试是否安装成功：
sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql

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二、安装zabbix（基于Zabbix+MySQL+Apache（可选））

sudo apt-get install php7.0-bcmath php7.0-xml php7.0-mbstring
安装Zabbix所需的几个PHP模块

sudo wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_3.2-1+xenial_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_3.2-1+xenial_all.deb
安装存储库包
sudo apt-get update
更新apt包源码

apt-get install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php
安装具有MySQL支持的Zabbix Server和PHP前端模块

sudo apt-get install language-pack-zh-hant language-pack-zh-hans
安装中文语言包

sudo apt-get install zabbix-agent
安装Zabbix agent

mysql -uroot -p
登录数据库

CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;
创建一个新的MySQL数据库zabbix，将存储收集的数据

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON zabbix.* TO zabbix@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
用户名zabbix，密码123456

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

刷新权限表

EXIT;
退出数据库

zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix
导入初始模式和数据
输入密码123456

修改 Zabbix Server配置文件
路径 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

找到 # DBPassword=这一行

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取消注释#，改为 DBPassword=123456

找到 #DBHost=localhost这一行并取消注释

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修改PHP时区为亚洲/上海时区
路径 /etc/zabbix/apache.conf
找到 #php_value date.timezone Europe/Rome这一行
取消注释#，改为php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai

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systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent apache2
重启服务

systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent apache2
设置开机启动

在浏览器输入地址http://192.168.1.106/zabbix/

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三、更新zabbix

停止服务

sudo service zabbix-server stop
sudo service zabbix-agent stop
sudo service apache2 stop

备份 zabbix 文件

mkdir /opt/zabbix-backup/
cp /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf /opt/zabbix-backup/
cp /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/zabbix.conf /opt/zabbix-backup/
cp -R /usr/share/zabbix/ /opt/zabbix-backup/
cp -R /usr/share/doc/zabbix-* /opt/zabbix-backup/

升级 zabbix 源

sudo rm -Rf /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbix.list
sudo wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_4.3-2+bionic_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_4.3-1+xenial_all.deb
sudo apt-get update

添加时出现问题：dpkg: error: dpkg status database is locked by another process

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock
sudo dpkg --configure -a

升级 zabbix

apt-get install --only-upgrade zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-agent zabbix-proxy-mysql

sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-agent

启动 zabbix

sudo service zabbix-server start
sudo service zabbix-agent start
sudo service apache2 start

安装上述步骤更新后，肯能会出现一些问题：
（1）打开zabbix可能会出现如下错误：
The frontend does not match Zabbix database. Current database version (mandatory/optional): 3020000/3020000. Required mandatory version: 4030010. Contact your system administrator.
解决办法：进入数据库，然后执行如下命令
mysql> show databases;
mysql> use zabbix;
mysql> update dbversion set mandatory=4030010;
mysql> flush privileges;
（2）打开zabbix还可能出现如下错误：
Error in query [SELECT d.dashboardid,d.name FROM dashboard d LIMIT 1001] [Table 'zabbix.dashboard' doesn't exist]
Undefined index: custom_color [zabbix.php:21 → require_once() → ZBase->run() → ZBase->processRequest() → CView->getOutput() → include() → local_generateHeader() → CView->getOutput() → include() → getTriggerStatusCss() in include/html.inc.php:998]
解决办法：
修改 Zabbix Server配置文件
路径 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

找到 # DBPassword=这一行

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取消注释#，改为 DBPassword=123456

找到 #DBHost=localhost这一行并取消注释

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