reformatory---adj.起改革作用的；感化的 n.(少年犯)管教所
informed---adj.了解情况的；见多识广的
In his book The Tipping Point(引爆点), Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics(社会流行) are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive(有说服力的), or well-connected.
The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be.
Because representative government presupposed(预先假定) an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies.
informative---adj.提供情报的；增长见闻的；增长知识的
informally---adv.非正式的；不拘礼节的
conform---v.符合；遵守；遵从；一致；相吻合；顺从
conformity----n.符合；一致；遵从；遵守
nonconformist---n.不墨守成规者；新教徒 adj.不墨守成规的；不遵循主流思想的
transformation---n.转换；转变；变形；改革
formulate---v.系统阐述；明确表达；规划；策划；构想
formulation---n.(想法的)阐述方式，表达方法；(政策、计划等的)制定；构想
informativeness---n.信息量
uninformed---adj.未被通知的；知识(或信息)贫乏的；未受教育的；不明情况的
misinformation---n.(常指有意提供的)假消息；错误信息；误报；错误信息
uniformity---n.一致(性)；统一(性)
This is "the democratizing(民主化，大众化) uniformity of dress and discource(话语，谈吐), and the casualness(漫不经心的，随意的) and absence(缺乏) of deference" characteristic(特征) of popular culture.
formidable---adj.可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的；强大的
Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert's appointment in the Times, calls him "an unpretentious musician with no air if the formidable conductor about him."
previous---adj.先前的；以前的
Dr. Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one before that, then the score for the next applicant would drop by an average of 0.075 points.
vast---adj.巨大的；大量的；辽阔的；巨额的
vastly---adv.极大的；广大的；深远的
It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.
devastating---adj.毁灭性的；极具破坏力的
The wear-and-tear(摩擦) that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.
effective---adj.有效的；生效的；实际的
Assign(分配) responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met.Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification(延迟满足) and deploying(配置) effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.
effect---n.效果；结果；影响 v.使发生
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb(抑制) their impact on labor and environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.
effectiveness---n.有力；有效性
But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive(不那么有说服力了).
effectively---adv.有效地；生效地；实际上
We define such sold media(出售的媒体) as owned media whose traffic(流量) is so strong that other organizations palce their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy(初始阶段), effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.
To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learnig to bear on the great challengers of the day.
ineffectual---n.无用的人；无一技之长者 adj.无效的，不起作用的；徒劳无益的
ineffective---adj.无效的，不起作用的
efficient---adj.效率高的；效能高的
Although e-money might be more convenient(方便) and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work against the diaappearance of the paper system.
justify---v.证明...是正当的；认为有理
The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked(引起) justified outrage(义愤) in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging(背弃) on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.
testify---v.证实；证明
verify---v.核实；证明
However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify(核实) the legal status(合法身份) of people who come in contact with law enforcement.
confirm---v.确认；证实
affirm---v.证实；确认
