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简要复述英文版《动物庄园》:
一个庄园里的动物一开始都没意识到自己地位低。一只老猪先提的自由的思想,然后他就挂掉了。很多动物就开始讨论,觉得忍不了了要反抗。但只有文化程度高的、能读会说的才理解和演绎这些观点,主要就是猪这个族群。
一个自由派的猪——雪球,就开始成为领导,他比较能说,就在早期打败了另一只猪——拿破仑。雪球做了一段时间的专制之后,觉得要发展经济,自己文化水平高,就看书学习,准备建磨坊。结果没料到另一只猪拿破仑一直心里不平衡,直接把他武力驱赶了(其实是杀掉他了,也借了人类来攻打他们的势头)。
拿破仑成了独裁者,他首先提拔了个副手猪,做执行人,还养了很多条狗作保镖。尽管他开始很反对雪球的策略,但雪球一没了,他也要修磨坊,还用了很多语言上的技巧,把雪球说成什么也不是,自己是科技创新的领导者。慢慢的,其他动物被剥削,猪和狗成了统治阶级,生活无忧。猪利用其他动物文化水平不高的特点,改了很多基本纲领,把旧痕迹都抹掉了。最能干的马累倒了,还被卖给了屠夫。别的动物有明白的,但敢怒不敢言。慢慢的老人死了 新生的动物就回到了受压迫但不自觉的时代。最后的场景是拿破仑等猪请其他庄园的人来饮酒作乐谈生意,其他动物们趴在玻璃上看,渐渐地眼花了觉得这些来的长得好像都一样了,分不清是猪还是人。
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《动物庄园》的结尾
The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
November 1943-February 1944
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金句积累
纲领怎么变化的:
1 No animals shall kill any other animals.
--> No animals shall kill any other animals WITHOUT CAUSE.
2 No animal shall drink alcohol.
--> No animal shall drink alcohol TO EXCESS. (动物不能过量饮酒)
3 Four legs good, two legs bad!
--> Four legs good, two legs BETTER!
关于3的变化,原文的故事写得很精彩:
It was just after the sheep had returned, on a pleasant evening when the animals had finished work and were making their way back to the farm buildings, that the terrified neighing of a horse sounded from the yard. Startled, the animals stopped in their tracks. It was Clover’s voice. She neighed again, and all the animals broke into a gallop and rushed into the yard. The they saw what Clover had seen.
It was a pig walking on his hind legs.
…
Yes, it was Squealer. A little awkwardly, as though not quite used to supporting his considerable bulk in that position, but with perfect balance, he was strolling across the yard.
There was a deadly silence. Amazed, terrified, huddling together, the animals watched the long line of pigs march slowly round the yard. It was as though the world had turned upside-down. Then there came a moment when the first shock had worn off and when, in spite of everything-in spite of their terror of the dogs, and of the habit, developed through long years, of never complaining, never criticizing, no matter what happened—they might have uttered some word of protest. But just at that moment, as though at a signal, all the sheep burst out into a tremendous bleating of—
“Four legs good, two legs BETTER! Four legs good, two legs BETTER! Four legs good, two legs BETTER!”
(猪在自己的圈子里已经开始用两条后腿直立行走了。两条腿走路这是最初判定敌人的标准,但现在已经成为了自己人的配置了。动物们很迷茫,但不自觉地就把口号改了。)
4 ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL
--> ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL
BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS
4应该是全书最经典的句子了。