双向地址转换实验（在此基础上补完mstp及vrrp配置）

要求

客户需求：客户现网业务与其他单位互联，需要访问外联单位服务器，但是双方都需要隐藏自己内网IP地址，需要在外联AR上配置双向NAT实现需求。

参考案例：https://support.huawei.com/enterprise/zh/knowledge/EKB1001096125

拓扑结构

image.png

思路

1.对于外联单位来说，如果想隐藏AR3上的模拟服务器L0和L1的地址，需要在AR1上上联核心网的接口做目的地址转换，即地址映射

2.对于企业核心网访问外联单位AR3时，需要隐藏ip地址，需要在AR1上做源地址转换，转换为G0/0/2的出接口地址

配置

主核心交换

#
vlan batch 100 200 300
#
interface Vlanif100
 ip address 1.1.0.129 255.255.255.240
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
#
ospf 1
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 1.1.0.128 0.0.0.15
#

备核心交换

#
vlan batch 100 200 300
#
interface Vlanif100
 ip address 1.1.0.145 255.255.255.240
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
#
ospf 1
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 1.1.0.144 0.0.0.15
#

外联路由器AR1配置

#
acl number 2001  
 rule 5 permit 
#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0     #做nat目的地址转换，映射两台服务器地址
 ip address 1.1.0.132 255.255.255.240 
 nat server global 1.1.0.109 inside 12.1.2.1
 nat server global 1.1.0.110 inside 1.1.5.10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1  #做nat目的地址转换，映射两台服务器地址
 ip address 1.1.0.148 255.255.255.240 
 ospf cost 100              #手动配置接口ospf 开销值为100，使得流量走主核心
 nat server global 1.1.0.109 inside 12.1.2.1
 nat server global 1.1.0.110 inside 1.1.5.10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2  #做nat源地址转换，将从核心网过来的流量转换为出接口地址，达到隐藏核心网内网ip的目的
 description TO_wailiandanwei
 ip address 11.11.11.118 255.255.255.252 
 nat outbound 2001
#
ospf 1 
 import-route unr    #需要导入UNR路由(用户网络路由，BAS里面普通用户通过PPOPE，DHCP获取到的路由，在BAS上都显示为UNR路由。)
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 1.1.0.132 0.0.0.0 
  network 1.1.0.148 0.0.0.0 
#
ip route-static 1.1.5.10 255.255.255.255 11.11.11.117    
ip route-static 12.1.2.1 255.255.255.255 11.11.11.117
#

AR3配置

#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 11.11.11.117 255.255.255.252 
#
ace LoopBack0
 ip address 1.1.5.10 255.255.255.255 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 12.1.2.1 255.255.255.255 
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.11.11.118
#

测试，通过在核心交换上ping两台服务器地址，在AR3的上联接口抓包查看请求源地址

1.启用源地址转换时

image.png

可以看到icmp的请求源地址为AR1的出接口地址

2.关闭AR1上的源地址转换

image.png

这次看到icmp的源地址是核心网的地址，没有得到隐藏。

完善两台核心的MSTP及VRRP配置

核心主

#
vlan batch 100 200 300
#
stp instance 1 root primary             #将交换机设置为stp实例1的master
stp instance 2 root secondary           #将交换机设置为stp实例2的slave
#
stp region-configuration
 region-name stp1
 instance 1 vlan 200
 instance 2 vlan 300
 active region-configuration
#
interface Vlanif100
 ip address 1.1.0.129 255.255.255.240
#
interface Vlanif200
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254           #在vlanif下设置vrrp虚拟ip为192.168.10.254
 vrrp vrid 1 priority 120           #设置vrrp优先级为120，默认为100
 vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 30     # 设置vrrp抢占延迟为30S
 vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/3  reduce 40     #配置vrrp监视端口为g0/0/3，当端口down时优先级下降40
#
interface Vlanif300
 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254                   #在vlanif下设置vrrp虚拟ip为192.168.20.254
 vrrp vrid 1 priority 100          #设置vrrp优先级为100
 vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 30             # 设置vrrp抢占延迟为30S
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
ospf 1
 orea 0.0.0.0
  network 1.1.0.128 0.0.0.15
  network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
#

核心备

#
vlan batch 100 200 300
#
stp instance 1 root secondary            #将交换机设置为stp实例1的slave
stp instance 2 root primary              #将交换机设置为stp实例2的master
#
stp region-configuration
 region-name stp1
 instance 1 vlan 200
 instance 2 vlan 300
 active region-configuration
#
interface Vlanif100
 ip address 1.1.0.145 255.255.255.240
#
interface Vlanif200
 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254           #在vlanif下设置vrrp虚拟ip为192.168.10.254
 vrrp vrid 1 priority 100                    #设置vrrp优先级为100
 vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 30     # 设置vrrp抢占延迟为30S
#
interface Vlanif300
 ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254                   #在vlanif下设置vrrp虚拟ip为192.168.20.254
 vrrp vrid 1 priority 120                           #设置vrrp优先级为120，默认100
 vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 30             # 设置vrrp抢占延迟为30S
 vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/3 reduce 40       #配置vrrp监视端口
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
ospf 1
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 1.1.0.145 0.0.0.15
  network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
#

两台接入交换

#
vlan batch 200 300
#
stp region-configuration
 region-name stp1
 instance 1 vlan 200
 instance 2 vlan 300
 active region-configuration
# 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 200