随着外卖服务越来越便捷,越来越多的大学生选择上网点外卖。足不出户,可尽享美味。
然而近日,中国社会科学院( Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)发布的一份“中国大学生追踪调查”结果却显示:
频繁上网点外卖,会对大学生抑郁倾向产生影响......
A survey of university students shows that those who place more online orders for food seem more likely to feel depressed.
该研究详细调查了全国18所高校的大学生,数据显示6.4%的大学生几乎每天在网上点外卖。
Data showed that 6.4 percent of university students order takeaway food online almost every day, followed by 16 percent who place orders 3 to 5 times a week and 21 percent who use the services once or twice weekly.
数据显示,6.4%的大学生几乎每天在网上点外卖,16%的大学生一周3到5次,21%的大学生一周点外卖1到2次。
这从一定程度上反映了大学生的社交弱化。
The survey found that time spent online in general had a significant impact on students' mental health. The longer a student spends online each day, the worse was the self-evaluation and the higher the likelihood of depression.
调查发现,总体上网时间对学生的心理健康有显著影响。学生每天上网时间越长,自我评估越差,抑郁的可能性越高。
大学生心理状况究竟如何?
Dr. Zhang Zhenyu, who participated in the research, said students on average had a self-assessment that rated their physical and mental health at 8.45 points. Over 36 percent scored more than 10 points on the CESD-10 depression scale.
参与课题研究的中国社科院博士张振宇表示,学生自评心理健康平均为8.45分,但是抑郁量表测评堪忧,抑郁测量得分在10分以上的占36.3%。
结果显示,点外卖频率越高的大学生,其自评身体和心理健康测量得分越差,抑郁得分也越高。
专家认为,点外卖的大学生抑郁倾向更高,是因为执着于屏幕的他们忽视现实社交的意义。
很多大学生不去食堂吃饭,选择点外卖,默默吃完一餐。这样就减少了与人交流的机会,沟通能力会退化,抑郁的风险可能会增加。
但这并不意味着高频点外卖会导致抑郁,还要综合考虑各种参数。点外卖和健康之间是否具有显著的关系,还有待进一步进行检验。
男生比女生更爱看直播
调查还发现,近六成的大学生都观看过网络直播,其中14.4%的大学生表示基本每天都看,至少每周都看1次直播的人数也超过样本总数的五分之一。
Students in China's universities spend nearly two hours playing online games per day, and 60 percent watched livestreams, the survey found.
调查发现,国内大学生平均每天玩网络游戏的时间约为2小时,近六成大学生观看过网络直播。
调研发现,男生观看直播的频率显著高于女生,有一半左右的女生看过直播,而有七成的男生表示看过直播,基本每天都看直播男生比例明显高于女生。
参与本次课题研究的社科院博士生郭亚平说:
"Nearly 40 percent of respondents were fans of internet celebrities. Sixteen percent checked their movements every week, while 8 percent checked every day."
“有近四成的大学生关注网红。其中,8%的大学生基本每天都查看网红动态,16%的大学生至少每周查看一次。”
在观看直播和网红的类型上,游戏类、科技类、美妆类受95后大学生欢迎,财经类、教育类直播和网红在大学生群体中却少有受到关注,仅有2%和3%的群体关注。
Game, technology, beauty and makeup livestreams are the most popular among the post-1995 students, according to the survey.
The survey found 8 percent of respondents did livestreams on some online platforms, and 23.8 percent hoped to become a livestreaming host in the future. Among the latter, more than 30 percent wanted to be a game show host, while nearly 20 percent preferred food-related shows.
调查发现,8%的大学生在网络直播平台上做过直播,23.8%想成为主播,其中超过三成的人想成为游戏主播,接近两成的学生想成为美食主播。
三成大学生觉得自己胖
该研究还从睡眠时间等多个维度对大学生生理和心理健康进行了调查。
For sleep quality, about 45 percent of student respondents gave themselves a score of 6 points out of 10.
对于睡眠质量,满分10分,大约45%的学生只给自己打6分。
张振宇博士发现,29.9%的大学生认为自己“偏胖”和“很胖”。
54.3 percent said their appearance scored 6 or less out of 10. According to the survey, 2.5 percent have had facial plastic surgery and 5.8 percent have plans to improve their appearance through surgery in the next three years.
54.3%的大学生给自己的“颜值”打6分及以下。他们还发现,2.5%的同学做过面部整形,5.8%的大学生在未来3年有做面部整形的打算。
在整容和想整容的学生中,女生分别占64%和79.8%。
外卖的隐患
外卖对人体健康的危害,并不仅限于心理层面。外卖塑料包装盒对人体健康本身就是一大隐患。
外卖包装盒隐藏着哪些隐患?健康资讯网站Healthfully给出了答案。
☞ 高温下化学物质浸出(Heat-based chemical leaching)
目前市面上大部分快餐盒都十分廉价,且不能微波炉加热。这些材料的化学成分在高温条件下很容易渗入食物里去。
Exposing plastic containers to high heat conditions, such as boiling water or a dishwasher, can cause the plastic to leach various kinds of potentially harmful chemicals into its food contents.
塑料容器置于高温条件下,比如沸水或洗碗机,会滤出有害化学物质,污染食物。
leach /liːtʃ/:过滤
通常塑料包装盒底部都有标注是否适合微波炉使用。只有底部数字是5或PP字样的,代表聚丙烯材质,才能放进微波炉。
☞ 滋生细菌(Harbors bacteria)
前几天,有媒体曝光餐厅员工用便池水涮洗快餐盒,被外卖小哥举报,一时间在网络上引起公愤。
Some plastic food containers may be hard to clean or have grooved surfaces that harbor bacteria. The bacteria may contaminate the food itself and create a risk of gastrointestinal distress or food poisoning.
许多塑料食品包装盒很难清洁,凹槽表面易暗藏细菌。细菌会污染食物,导致肠胃病或食物中毒。
grooved :有沟的;有槽的;带纹道的
gastrointestinal /ˌɡæstrəʊɪnˈtestɪnl/ :肠胃的
☞ 环境影响(Environmental effects)
外卖包装不仅不健康还难降解,对环境也是一大隐患。2015年全世界生产的塑料制品达3.2亿吨。
The majority of synthetic fibers are manufactured in Asia, according to the World Economic Forum. About 13 million tons of plastics leak into our oceans every year, harming biodiversity, economies and, potentially, our own health.
世界经济论坛数据显示,大部分合成纤维产自亚洲。每年,约1300万吨塑料流入海洋,破坏生物多样性,妨害经济,还有可能危及人类健康。
所以,不论是从身心健康还是保护环境出发,我们都鼓励大家,关掉外卖app,走出宿舍门,和朋友约个饭吧!