101、 [单选] 项目经理计划为一个建设施工项目采购混凝土。所有供应商的材料质量都一样。只有价格差别。项目经理应向供应商请求哪种应对类型?
The project manager plans to purchase concrete for a building construction project. The materials is consistent among all vendors, leaving price as the major difference. Which type of vendor response should the project manager request?
A:信息请求
Request for information
B:建议邀请书
Request for proposal
C:报价邀请书
Request for quotation
D:工作说明书
Statement of work
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:12.1.3.5,供方选择标准,质量相同仅价格不同,则只需获取各供应商报价即可作为供方选择标准。所属过程组:规划过程组。所属知识领域:项目采购管理。
102、 [单选] 客户要求变更项目,这会增加项目风险。你应先做下列哪项?
The customer requests a change to the project that would increase the project risk. Which of the following should you do before all the others?
A:在新的成本估算中算进该风险的期望货币值
Include the expected monetary value of the risk in the new cost estimate.
B:和客户谈关于该变更的影响
Talk to the customer about the impact of the change.
C:和团队分析变更的影响
Analyze the impacts of the change with the team.
D:变更风险管理计划
Change the risk management plan.
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:这是一个反复出现的问题。首先,你应该评估变更的影响。然后,确定备选方案。最后,去找管理层和客户。
103、 [单选] 项目经理被要求为两个潜在项目执行成本效益分析。项目A成本为$12亿美元,潜在效益为$60亿美元,未来运营成本为$15亿美元;项目B成本为$14亿美元,潜在效益为$70亿美元,未来运营成本为$10亿美元。项目经理应该推荐哪一个项目?
A project manager is asked to perform a cost-benefit analysis for two potential Project A costs US$ 1.2billion. With potential benefits of US$ 6 billion and future US$ 1.5 billion. Project B costs US$ 1.4 billion, with potential benefits of US$ 7 billion and future US$ 1 billion. Which project should the project manager recommend?
A:项目B;因为潜在效益减去执行成本所得的值大于项目A所得值。
Project B; the potential benefits minus the costs to implement are greater calculation for project A.
B:项目A;因为执行成本低于项目B。
Project A; the cost to implement is less than project B.
C:项目B;因为潜在效益减去执行成本和未来运营成本所得的值大于项目A。
Project B; the potential benefits minus the implementation and future greater than the same calculation for project A.
D:项目A;因为潜在效益加上未来运营成本所得的值小于项目B所得值。
Project A; the potential benefits plus the future operating costs are less than calculation for project B.
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:所属过程组:启动过程组。所属知识领域:项目整合管理。解析:项目启动阶段,需要进行商业论证,评估项目合理性和预期收益。收益=潜在效益-投资成本-运营成本
104、 [单选] 项目末期,一项目经理确定该项目增加了4项功能和3项绩效。客户对项目表示满意。这对该项目是否成功来说,是什么意思?
At the end of a project, a project manager determines that the project has added four areas of functionality and three areas of performance. The customer has expressed satisfaction with the project. What does this mean in terms of success of the project?
A:该项目绝对成功了
The project was an unqualified success.
B:该项目没成功,因为它镀金了
The project was unsuccessful because it was gold plated.
C:该项目没成功,因为客户满意意味着他们为这个项目支付的更多了
The project was unsuccessful because the customer being happy means they would have paid more for the work.
D:该项目成功了,因为团队有机会学习新的功能,客户也很满意The project was successful because the team had a chance to learn new areas of functionality and the customer was satisfied.
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:给项目镀金浪费时间和成本,它使得项目不成功。
105、 [单选] 随着竞争的陡然加剧,一家知名公司的业务开始流失。公司聘请了一名项目经理分析情况并提供纠正措施建议。项目经理研究发现,项目实施过程尤其是风险管理方面存在差距.。没有可用的风险管理计划。项目经理首先应该采取下列哪项行动?
With the sudden surge of competition, a well-known company begins to loss business .the company hires a project manager to study the situation and to recommend corrective actions. The project manager's study finds gaps in the project implementation, particularly in the risk management areas. There is no risk management plan available. Which of the following actions should the project manager take first?
A:头脑风暴并识别风险
Brainstorm and identify risks
B:增加风险预算
Increase the risk budget
C:实施定性风险评估
Conduct a qualitative risk assessment.
D:制定风险管理活动实施计划
Create plans for conducting the risk management activities.
正确答案:D 你的答案:D
解析:根据题意,需要制定风险管理计划,风险管理计划描述了将如何安排与实施项目风险管理,因此选D。参见11.1.3.1。考点:风险管理计划
106、 [单选] 下列哪一项技术使用了基于“为什么、为什么”以及“如何、如何”图表的信息?
Which technique uses information based on “why-why” and “how-how” diagrams?
A:失效模式与影响分析(FMEA)
Failure Mode Effective Analysis (FMEA)
B:纠正和预防措施(CAPA)
Corrective and Preventive Actions(CAPA)
C:根本原因分析
Root cause analysis
D:帕累托图
Pareto diagram
正确答案:C 你的答案:B
解析:因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”,将问题陈述的原因分 解为离散的分支,有助于识别问题的主要原因或根本原因。
107、 [单选] 倾听不只包含听声音。好的聆听者
Listening involves more than hearing sounds. The good listener
A:反馈或重复一些说过的话
Repeats some of the things said
B:完成讲话人的句子
Finishes the speaker's sentences
C:写下一切
Writes everything down
D:频繁地点头
Nods his head frequently
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:沟通中要善于聆听,当然,倾听的同时不断重复信息发出者说过的一些话,表示给予信息发出者及时的反馈。
108、 [单选] 项目执行过程中,一团队成员告诉项目经理,根据她的研究,项目不能满足所设定的质量标准。于是项目经理和相关各方开会分析当前情况。项目经理正处于质量管理的哪个过程:
During project executing a project team member informs the project manager that based on her observations, the project cannot meet the quality standards set for it. The project manager meets with all parties concerned to analyze the situation. Which part of the quality management process is the project manager involved in:
A:管理质量
Manage Quality
B:质量分析
Quality analysis
C:控制质量
Quality Control
D:规划质量管理
Plan Quality Management
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:8.2 管理质量本过程的主要作用是,提高实现质量目标的可能性,以及识别无效过程和导致质量低劣的原因。 管理质量使用控制质量过程的数据和结果向相关方展示项目的总体质量状态。
109、 [单选] 下列哪一个过程能实现持续过程改进?
Which process leads to continuous process improvement?
A:管理质量
Manage Quality
B:制定项目管理计划
Develop project management plan
C:控制质量
Control quality
D:风险管理
Risk management
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:管理质量关注过程,在过程中提高相关能力保证质量,而控制质量关注结果。
110、 [单选] 项目团队正在制定风险管理计划,本过程采用何种工具和方法确定风险成本因素,并为项目预算和时间表覆盖的活动安排进度?
A Project team is developing the risk management plan. Which tools techniques of this project are used to develop risk cost elements, and schedule activities, which will be included in the project budget and schedule?
A:会议
Planning meetings and analysis
B:经验教训
Lessons learned
C:信息采集方法
Information gathering technique
D:风险数据质量评估
Risk date quality assessment
正确答案:A 你的答案:D
解析:规划过程组。项目风险管理,考察规划风险管理工具与技术
111、 [单选] 项目进展一半时,项目经理发现在过去几个月中挣值报告有错误,项目经理应该优先考虑的是什么?
Half -way through a project, a project manager discovered the earned value the past couple of months have been erroneous. What should be the project manager’s priority?
A:不做任何变更,但是计划与发起人讨论。
Make no changes but plan to discuss with the sponsor.
B:与项目相关方讨论未来要采取的行动。
Discuss a future course of action with stakeholders.
C:为错误承担责任并且迅速确认纠正措施。
Take ownership for the error and identify corrections promptly.
D:改变进度和计划以保持与挣值报告相同。
Change the schedule and plan to match the earned value reports.
正确答案:C 你的答案:
C
解析:对客户和公众的责任--资质、经验和职业服务的履行--实事求是,在广告宣传、公开陈述以及准备成本估算、服务和结果预测时,向公众提供准确、真实陈述的责任 ,是否做变更决定需要经过评估,与项目团队讨论是否需要采取变更措施。
112、 [单选] 在新产品开发项目的一次需求会议上,产品经理提出在以往项目团队中经历的问题。产品经理要求项目经理提供一份计划,详细说明在新项目中如何规避这些问题,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
During a requirements planning meeting for a new product development manager reminds the team about the issues experienced in a product manager asks the project management to provide a plan avoid in this new project. To research this information, what should the project management
A:召集包括项目经理和产品用户在内的焦点小组会议
Conduct a focus group which includes the project manger
B:与之前的项目团队沟通
Speak to the previous project team
C:与当前的项目团队安排一次头脑风暴会议
Schedule the brainstorming session with current project
D:查询经验教训知识库
Consult the lessons learned knowledge
正确答案:D 你的答案:D
解析:所属过程组:规划过程组。所属知识领域:项目风险管理。解析:经验教训作为组织过程资产是规划风险管理的输入,其中包含以往类似项目的信息。
113、 [单选] 项目经理想要评估影响生产线效率的各种因素。若要系统性的评估对项目总体成果最有影响的所有关键因素,应使用下列哪一项工具?
A project manager would like to evaluate the various factors that influence efficiencies in a production line. Which of the following tools should be used to evaluate systematically all key factors having the most influence on the overall outcome of the project
A:帕累托分析
Pareto analysis
B:标杆对照
Benchmarking
C:实验设计
Design of experiments
D:成本-效益分析
Cost-benefit analysis
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:帕累托图,是一种特殊的垂直条形图,用于识别造成大多数问题的少数重要原因。
114、 [单选] 客户要求项目经理在一星期内让系统上线。系统仍然有些小缺陷,但是项目经理希望满足客户的愿望,让系统按时上线。项目经理应该选择以下哪个风险策略?
The customer asks the project manager to have the system online within one week. There are still bugs in the system, but the project manager wants to meet the customer’s desire to have the system running on time. The project manager should choose which of the following risk strategies?
A:缓解
Mitigate
B:接受
Accept
C:转让
Transfer
D:避免
Avoid
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:风险管理策略.消极风险应对策略:回避、转移、减轻和接受。接受是指因为几乎不可能消除项目的全部威胁,所以就需要采用风险接受策略。该策略表明,项目团队已决定不为处理某风险而变更项目管理计划,或者无法找到任何其他的合理应对策略。出处:PMBOK第6版 中 11.5 规划风险应对
接受仍然存在的问题
115、 [单选] 下列哪一项质量工具用来识别存在于两个变量中变更的关系?
Which of the following quality tools allows the identification of a possible relationship between changes observed in variables?
A:趋势图
Run chart
B:帕累托图
Pareto chart
C:散点图
Scatter diagram
D:直方图
Histogram
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:见PMBOK 8.3.2.5 散点图是一种展示两个变量之间的关系的图形,它能够展示两支轴的关系,一支轴表示过程、环境或活动的任何要素,另一支轴表示质量缺陷。
116、 [单选] 风险可以在风险管理过程的哪个阶段被识别出来?
Risks will be identified during which risk management process (es)?
A:实施定量风险分析和识别风险
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis and Identify Risks
B:识别风险和监督风险
Identify Ris ks and Control Risks
C:实施定量风险分析和监督风险
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis and Control Risks
D:识别风险
Identify Risks
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:这道题很迷惑人。一般风险是在风险识别时确认的,但是新出现的风险是在风险监控时确认的。监督风险-输出-项目文件更新-风险登记册(更新风险登记册,记录在监督风险过程中产生的关于单个项目风险的信息,可能包括添加新风险、更新已过时风险或已发生风险,以及更新风险应对措施,等等。)
监督风险过程中会识别新风险
117、 [单选] 谁可以请求与项目预算大幅超支有关的项目变更?
Who can request changes to a project regarding a substantial project budget over?
A:只有项目发起人
Only the project sponsor
B:任何项目相关方
Any stakeholder
C:只有项目经理
Only the project manager
D:支付额外成本的组织
The organization paying the additional cost
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:见 PMBOK6/4.6/实施整体变更控制。根据题目描述,可将问题简化为,谁可以提出变更请求?在项目执行过程中,任何相关方都可以提出变更请求。预算大幅超支,是否影响到项目相关方的目标期望及事业环境因素中的成本等风险临界值;题干意图接近项目相关方。
118、 [单选] 项目X已完成60%,落后于进度且超出预算。由于其他更高优先级的项目,项目发起人已经撤出资金,而且部门经理已经将所有团队成员分配给项目Y.项目经理应该怎么做?
Project X is 60% completed, behind schedule and over budget. The sponsor has withdrawn funding due other higher priority projects and the department manager has reassigned all team members to Project Y. What should the project manager do?
A:修订项目管理计划,把变化反映在范围中
Revise the project management plan to reflect the change in scope
B:为项目Y召开一次会议
Meeting for Project Y
C:记录并存档项目X的经验教训
Document and archive lessons learned on Project X
D:为项目X计算EAC和ETC
Calculate the EAC and ETC for the Project X
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:4.7 终止时需要进行必要的收尾。进行结束项目或阶段过程的输出其中一项为组织过程资产的更新,即选项C选项B太宽泛选项D属于监控过程组
119、 [单选] 项目经理感觉到项目会议的成效很差,与会者都没做好准备,无法遵照会议议程。项目经理应该怎么做来改变项目团队的态度?
The project manager feels that the project meetings are creating poor results. The offenders are not prepared and the agenda is not being followed. What should the project manager do be change the attitude of the project team?
A:首先开始改变个人行为,更好地为下一个会议做准备
Initiate changes in personal behavior first and prepare the next meetings better
B:填写一份关于会议文化和会议规矩的备忘录
White a memo about meeting culture and ground rules
C:在下一次会议开始时讨论做好会议准备的重要性
Discuss the importance of good preparation at the beginning of the next meeting
D:开展较少但更为重要的会议
Conduct fewer, but more substantial meetings
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:9.1.3.2 团队章程团队章程对项目团队成员的可接受行为确定了明确的期望。尽早认可并遵守明确的规则,有助于减少误解,提高生产力;讨论诸如行为规范、沟通、决策、会议礼仪等领域,团队成员可以了解彼 此重要的价值观。由团队制定或参与制定的团队章程可发挥最佳效果。所有项目团队成员都分担责 任,确保遵守团队章程中规定的规则。
120、 [单选] 召开项目启动大会的适当时机是什么时候?
When is an appropriate time to hold the kick-off meeting?
A:完成初步计划之后,但要在执行之前
After the preliminary planning ,but before execution
B:在项目经理有正面消息要分享时
When the project manager has positive news to share
C:在签署项目章程之前
Before the project chart is signed
D:在制定沟通计划之后
After the communications plan has been developed
正确答案:A 你的答案:D
解析:遇到“项目启动会”一定要注意看一下英文原题。是否为“kick-off meeting” kick off 源于足球比赛时可以开始踢球了,即可以开始正式开工的意思。所以,它应当是在项目管理计划及各项子计划完成后,准备由执行团队开始实施时招开。
121、 [单选] 某家公司有一些项目,即项目A,B,C。这些项目是根据公司的目标,按照一套相同的标准划分优先顺序。项目B的优先级较高,因为它将会扩大公司的市场份额,减少对不可靠供应商的依赖性。这是在执行什么活动?
A company has a collection of projects, A, B and C. These projects are prioritized across a common set of criteria based on the company’s objectives. Project B has high priority because it will increase the company’s market share and reduce dependency on unreliable suppliers. What activity is being performed?
A:获得市场份额
Capturing market share
B:项目组合管理
Portfolio management
C:项目启动
Initiating a project
D:项目集管理
Program management
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:指南-1.2.3.3项目组合管理。项目组合管理重点关注通过审核项目和项目集来确定资源分配的优先顺序。
122、 [单选] 团队成员识别到一个可能对项目成果产生不利影响的技术风险,向项目经理报告。这属于下列哪一项的实例?
A team member identifies a technical risk that could have a negative impact on the project deliverables. A change request issued to the project manager is an example of which as following?
A:纠正措施
Corrective action
B:预防措施
Preventive action
C:缺陷补救
Defect repair
D:项目更新
Project update
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:指南-4.3.3.4变更请求-预防措施,为确保项目工作的未来绩效符合项目管理计划而进行的有目的的活动。注意题干中的提示“可能”。
123、 [单选] 若要产生项目的初步概要定义,供项目业主和参与者规划和衡量项目是否成功,下列哪一项是其中必要过程?
What is the process necessary for producing a preliminary high level definition that will be used by the project owner and project participants for planning and project success?
A:制定项目工作说明书
Developing project statement of work
B:制定项目章程
Developing project charter
C:制定 WBS
Developing WBS
D:收集需求
Gathering requirement
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:制定项目章程的输出之一是项目章程,它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息,其中包括有可测量的项目目标和相关的成功标准,便于参与者规划和衡量项目是否成功。
124、 [单选] 一名关键项目相关方不相信项目管理计划上提供的计算成本是正确的,并拒绝批准. 若要获得该关键相关方的支持,项目经理应该使用什么工具或技术?
A key stakeholder is not convinced that the calculated costs provided in the project management plan are accurate, and refuses to approve it. What tool or technique should the project manager use to gain the key stakeholders’ support?
A:专家判断
Expert judgment.
B:组织过程资产
Organize process assets.
C:企业环境因素
Enterprise environmental factors.
D:整体变更控制过程
Integrated change control process.
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:如果项目经理制定的项目管理计划采用了正确的工具方法,提供的成本计算就是正确的,制定项目管理和预算成本过程都可以使用专家判断,因此本题应选 A。参见PMBOK第6版 4.2.2 和 7.3.2.3 (4.1.2.1和7.3.2.1)专家判断。考点:制定项目管理和制定预算过程的工具与技术—专家判断。
125、 [单选] 在弱矩阵和强矩阵组织结构中,可能引发冲突的基本条件是什么
n the weak and strong matrix organizational structures, the primary condition leading to conflict is
A:沟通障碍
Communication barriers
B:利益冲突
Conflicting interests
C:缺乏共识
Need for consensus
D:权限不明确
Ambiguous jurisdictions
正确答案:D 你的答案:D
解析:指南-2.4.4.1组织结构类型-表2-1组织结构对项目的影响。
126、 [单选] 项目经理为一家没有使用正式项目管理流程的公司工作。因此,该公司具有在整个项目生命期不断修改需求的历史记录,经常导致项目延迟完成。若要控制进一步的修改,项目经理在当前项目中应该更新哪份文件?
A project manager works for a company that does not use formal project management processes as a result, the company has a history of modifying project requirements throughout the life of the project, often resulting in delays in project completions. What should the project manager update in the current project to control further modifications?
A:项目范围
project scope
B:变更管理计划
Change management plan
C:相关方分析
Stakeholder analysis
D:经验教训
Lessons learned
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:关键字分析-若要控制进一步修改:需求不断改变和进度延迟最终都是因为变更管理没有做好,变更计划不完整所致,因些需要重视变更管理,修改变更管理计划
127、 [单选] 下列选项中,谁将参与变更控制委员会?
Who participates in the change control board?
A:项目经理
Project manager
B:职能经理
Functional managers
C:项目相关方
Stakeholders
D:项目经理和职能经理
Project manager and functional managers
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:PMBOK第6版 中 术语表变更控制委员会 Change Control Board (CCB):一个正式组成的团体,负责审议、评价、批准、推迟或否决项目变更,以及记录和传达变更处理决定。
128、 [单选] 在与相关方的项目计划介绍会议上,针对一个问题进行了讨论,并达成了一项协议,各方都持相同意见。然而,过了一段时间后,项目经理又从一个主要利益相关方那里收到一封电子邮件说他们改变主意了。他们对这个问题的看法有所改变,希望各方能够一起重新讨论新的方法和选择。项目经理应首先尝试哪种解决冲突的方法呢?
During the project plan presentation meeting with the stakeholders. An issue was discussed and a resolution was reached, and all interested parties were on board. Sometime after the meeting, the project manager receives an e-mail from one of the key stakeholders saying they have changed. Their mind about the agreed to solution and would like to get the group back together to discuss new options. What conflict resolution techniques should the project manager try first?
A:妥协
Compromising
B:强迫
Forcing
C:调和
Smoothing
D:撤退
Withdrawing
正确答案:A 你的答案:C
解析:管理相关方参与之人际关系技能(解决冲突)出处:PMBOK2012 中 9.5.2.1 解析:参考答案 A,妥协各让一步,项目经理不坚持协议不能改变,对方需要对改变陈述理由。妥协就是寻找能让全体当事人都在一定程度上满意的方案,是很好的冲突解决方法。B 强迫不改变主意不妥。C 调和求同存异,并没解决问题。D 撤退躲避于事无补。
129、 [单选] 即使项目成功进展,项目经理依然承受来自发起人和客户多个新功能请求的压力。管理流程已经定义并遵循。项目经理提醒变更控制委员会太多变更可能造成下列哪一项问题?
Despite the project is on track, the project manager is under the pressure of new function requirements from the sponsor and customer. The management process has been defined and followed. The project manager alerts the change control board that too many changes can cause which of the following issue?
A:范围蔓延
scope creep
B:镀金
gold plating
C:进度压缩
schedule compression
D:质量成本
cost of quality
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:所属过程组:监控过程组。所属知识领域:项目范围管理。解析:未经良好控制的变更将导致范围蔓延,符合题意,故选A。B选项镀金来自项目团队内部自行增加的范围,而题目说明是来自发起人和客户的新功能请求,不符合。C进度压缩是控制进度的技术,与题目完全无关。D选项是规划质量管理的技术,也与本题无关。
130、 [单选] 可以使用什么策略来应对消极风险或威胁以及积极风险或机会?
What strategy can be used to deal with both negative risks or threats and positive risks or opportunities?
A:接受
Accept
B:减轻
Mitigate
C:回避
Avoid
D:开拓
Exploit
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:出处:11.5.2.4、11.5.2.5。1. 积极风险应对策略:上报、开拓、分享、提高,接受;消极风险应对策略:上报、规避、转移、减轻、接受;2. 上报、接受可处理两种风险类型。
131、 [单选] 在获得项目资源过程中,当无法快速定义一个精确的工作说明书时,下列哪一种合同类型更适用?
During the procurement of resources for a project, which of the following contract types is suitable when a precise statement of work cannot be quickly defined?
A:成本加奖励合同
cost-plus-award-fee
B:固定总价合同
firm-fixed-price
C:成本加激励费用
cost-plus-incentive
D:工料合同
time and material
正确答案:D 你的答案:C
解析:所属知识领域:项目采购管理。所属过程组:规划过程组。解析:工料合同常用来在项目范围无法快速定义,范围不精确情况下获得外部资源,本题题干指出在获得项目资源过程时选择合同类型,因此工料合同符合题意。考点:合同类型选择-工料合同。出处:PMBOK第6版 中 12.1.1.6。
132、 [单选] 当与一个行动导向型的人沟通时,项目经理应该
When communicating with an action-oriented person, a project manager should
A:尽可能简短,强调他或她的观点的可行性
Be as brief as possible and emphasize the practicality of his of her ideas
B:提供可选方案,包括利弊
Provide options, including the pros and cons
C:在对方离题时保持耐心
Remain patient if the other person goes off on tangents
D:尽可能地说得快,保证所有信息传达给对方
Speak as quickly as possible to ensure that all the information is conveyed
正确答案:A 你的答案:B
解析:软技能,沟通方法
B适用于结果导向的人
133、 [单选] 项目经理负责一个系统集成项目。执行中管理质量需要哪些文件?
The project manager is responsible for a system integration project. Which documents are required to manage quality on the project?
A:质量测试指标,风险报告和项目管理计划
Quality metrics, risk report, project management plan
B:项目管理计划,经验教训文件和范围说明书
Project management plan, lessons learned, scope statement
C:成本绩效基线,项目管理计划和进度绩效指数
Cost performance baseline, variance analysis, risk register
D:项目管理计划,偏差分析和风险登记薄
Project management plan, variance analysis, risk register
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:管理质量的输入。8.2.1.2 项目文件质量测量指标
134、 [单选] 项目正在进展之中,项目经理正与质量保证部门一起,致力于提高相关方对项目将要满足质量标准的信心。在开始该过程之前,他们需要下面哪项内容?
A project is in progress and the project manager is working with the quality assurance department to improve stakeholders' confidence that the project will satisfy the quality standards. Before they can begin this process, which of the following do they need to have?
A:质量问题
Quality problems
B:过程分析的结果
Results of process Analysis
C:质量审计
Quality audits
D:质量管理计划
Quality management plan
正确答案:D 你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK第6版 8.1.3.1 质量管理计划。质量管理计划定义了项目和产品质量的可接受水平,并描述了如何确保可交付成果和过程达到这一质量水平。 质量管理计划还描述了不合格产品的处理方式以及需采取的纠正措施。
135、 [单选]WBS及WBS词典已经完成,项目团队开始识别风险。发起人找到了项目经理,要求制定一个100,000美元的责任分配矩阵。项目的在三个国家进行,使用人员14人。项目预计风险很小,而且项目经理以前做了很多类似的项目。接下来项目经理应该所什么?
The WBS and WBS dictionary are completed. The project team has begun working on identifying risks. The sponsor contacts the project manager, requesting that the U.S. $l00,000 responsibility assignment matrix be issued. The project has a budget of and is taking place in three countries using 14 human resources. There is little risk expected for the project and the project manager has managed many projects similar to this one. What is the next thing to do?
A:理解类似项目发起人的经验教训
Understand the experience of the sponsor on similar projects.
B:创造活动清单
Create an activity list
C:确保项目范围得到了定义
Make sure the project scope is defined.
D:完成风险管理,制定责任分配矩阵。
Complete risk management and issue the responsibility assignment matrix.
正确答案:B 你的答案:D
解析:WBS及WBS词典已经完成,说明5.4创建WBS过程已经完成。接下来要继续将工作包分解为活动。
136、 [单选] 在项目工作完成后,与客户一起召开会议交付四个项目成果。客户接受四个成果中的两个,并表明剩余两个产品不满足需求。交付产品之前,项目经理应该遵循哪个流程来确保与客户端期望保持一致?
After the project work is completed, a meeting is held with the client to deliver the four products. The client accepts two of the four products, and indicates that the remaining two projects don not meet the requirements. Before delivering the project, which process should the project manager have follow up to keep alignment with the customer’s expectations?
A:控制质量
Control Quality
B:执行质量保证
Perform Quality Assurance
C:执行质量控制测量
Perform Quality Control Measurement
D:执行质量审计
Perform Quality Audit
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:见PMBOK 8.3 控制质量是为了评估绩效,确保项目输出完整、正确且满足客户期望,而监督和记录质量管理活动执行结果的过程。本过程的主要作用是,核实项目可交付成果和工作已经达到主要相关方的质量要求,可供最终验收。
137、 [单选]控制图有助于项目经理:
A control chart helps the project manager:
A:着眼于改进质量最重要的问题上
focus on the most critical issues to improve quality.
B:着眼于刺激思考
focus on stimulating thinking.
C:探索理想的结果
explore a desired future outcome.
D:确定某流程是否正常运转
determine if a process is functioning within set limits.
正确答案:D 你的答案:D
解析:选项 A 与帕雷托图有关,选项B 和 C 与鱼骨图有关。只有选项 D 与控制图有关。
138、 [单选] 下列哪一项说明了为何帕累托图是指出重大缺陷的有效工具?
Which of the following explains why Pareto is an effective tool for pointing out major flaws?
A:通过识别相对少量的造成最大影响的原因,它可能指出最有效的改善机会
By identifying a relatively small number of causes of maximum impact, it may indicate that the most effective improvement rally
B:它指出了项目可交付成果均可接受容限
It points out that the project deliverables are acceptable tolerance
C:它可准确地展示不同因素如何导致缺陷
It shows exactly how different factors can lead to defects.
D:它分析了两个变量的关系
It analyzes the relationship between two variables
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:见PMBOK(第五版)8.3.2.1 帕累托图,是一种特殊的垂直条形图,用于识别造成大多数问题的少数重要原因。
139、 [单选] 一个新项目已经启动,且已识别许多相关方,但每名相关方对项目范围、预算和进度的期望不同。应该使用以下哪项工具来为相关方可能产生的影响排定优先级?
A new project is initiated, and a large number of stakeholders were identified. Each stakeholder’s expectations of the project’s scope, budget, and schedule are different. What tool should be used to prioritize the potential influence or impact a stakeholder may have?
A:信息发布计划
Information distribution plan
B:权力/利益方格
Power/interest grid
C:沟通需求分析
Communication requirements analysis
D:人际关系技巧
Interpersonal skills
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:根据题目描述,要进行的是对相关方可能产生的影响进行优先级排序,可以确定需要进行相关方分析2.权利/利益方格是相关方分析工具的一种表现形式,根据相关方的职权(权力)大小及对项目结果的关注(利益)程度进行分类"
140、 [单选] 客户所用的软件应用程序已有10个年头,但仍需要该软件支持其业务流程,关联项目相关方认为文件已过时,并需要更换,以便满足当前的信息技术标准。一名项目经理被任命制作商业论证书。商业论证书将用来确定下列哪一项?
The customer’s ten year-old software application is still needed to support its business process. The key stakeholders decide that the software is outdated and needs to be replaced current information technology standards. A project manager is assigned to develop a business case. What will the business case be used to determine?
A:整个项目的成本
The cost of the whole project
B:项目相关方的决策是否正确
Whether stakeholders decision is correct or not
C:项目是否值得进行投资
Whether the project is worth investing or not
D:整个项目的持续时间
The duration of the entire project
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:见 PMBOK6/1.2.6.1/项目商业论证 前言。商业论证或类似文件能从商业角度提供必要的信息,决定项目是否值得投资。
141、 [单选] 制定项目章程时,一名项目相关方没有提供任何意见。项目经理反复询问让该项目相关方提供必要的意见,以便完成宏观需求。但虽然项目经理努力了,情况却没有得到改善。项目经理接下来应该怎么做?
While creating the project charter, a key stakeholder does not offer any input. The project manager repeatedly asks the stakeholder to provide the necessary input to complete the high-level requirements. Despite the project manager’s efforts,the situation does not improve. What should the project manager do next?
A:将该相关方从相关方登记册中删除
Remove the stakeholder from the stakeholder list.
B:与项目团队假定需求
Assume the requirements together with the project team.
C:将缺失意见作为一项目风险,添加到主要风险描述中
Add the missing input as a risk to the high-level risk description.
D:将该问题上报给项目发起人
Escalate the issue to the project sponsor.
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:根据题意,相关方意见缺失是一种风险,应该加以识别,记录到风险登记册中去,相关方登记册是识别风险的输入,所以选 C。参见 PMBOK 2016 中 11.2.1 考点:识别风险。
142、 [单选] 一个项目发起人落实一项新的文件控制流程。这项新流程将延迟对信息的访问,将导致人工成本增加以及进度延迟。项目经理应该如何整合利用这个流程?
A project sponsor implements a new document control process. This new process will delay the access of information, which will cause labor costs increase and schedule plan delay?How should the project manager integrate this new process?
A:使用变更管理计划实施新的需求。
Implement the new requirements using the change management plan.
B:想出更为有效的文件控制流程用于项目。
Propose a more efficient document control process for use on the project.
C:使用风险管理计划评估风险,并向项目发起人报告。
Use the risk management plan to evaluate the risk and report back to the sponsor
D:与项目相关方安排一次会议,进行风险紧迫性评估。
Schedule a meeting with project stakeholders for a risk urgency assessment
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:发生的变更都要使用变更管理计划规定的变更流程进行实施。
143、 [单选] 在哪一个团队建设阶段,团队成员之间会最常发生冲突?
At which stage of team development do conflict among team member arise most often?
A:解散阶段
Adjourning
B:规范阶段
Norming
C:震荡阶段
Storming
D:组建阶段
Forming
正确答案:C 你的答案:C
解析:见 PMBOK6/9.4.2.4/团队建设。震荡阶段团队开始从事项目工作,制定技术决策和讨论项目管理方法,但是团队成员可能不能用合作和开放的态度对待不同观点和意见,团队成员之间会最常发生冲突。
144、 [单选] 项目群经理在实施项目审计时,发现问题日志中各项均为项目经理所有,该情况可否接受?
Project Manager in the implementation of the project audit, found that the problem log are all project managers, will it be acceptable?
A:不可接受,项目经理不得作为问题及其解决方案的所有者
Unacceptable, the project manager must not be the owner of the problem and its solution
B:可接受,根据要求,所有问题均有指定的所有者
Acceptable, as required, all problems are assigned to the owner
C:可接受,项目经理必须是所有问题及其解决方案的所有者
Acceptable, the project manager must be the owner of all problems and their solutions
D:不可接受,项目团队必须是所有问题及其解决方案的负责人的所有者
Unacceptable, the project team must be the owner of all issues and their solutions
正确答案:D 你的答案:D
解析:9.5.1.2 问题日志,在管理项目团队过程中,总会出现各种问题。可用问题日志记录由谁负责在目标日期内解决特定问题,并监督解决情况。
145、 [单选] 在下列哪个阶段中,项目存在最大的风险和不确定性?
At which stage of a project is and uncertainty at the maximum level?
A:开发/执行阶段
Development/execution phase
B:启动/概念形成阶段
Initiation/conception phase
C:实施阶段
Implementation phase
D:收尾阶段
Closure phase
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:标准-1.5项目生命周期,图1-3随时间而变化的变量影响。在启动/概念形成阶段,项目风险最高而影响最小;最大风险影响通常发生在项目执行和收尾阶段。
146、 [单选] 项目经理正与两名都声称对某一特定可交付成果拥有所有权的职能经理交涉。项目经理可以查阅哪一份说明该问题的文件?
A project manager deals with two functional managers that both claim ownership of a certain deliverable. What document can the project manager refer to that will clarify this issue?
A:工作分析结构
Work breakdown structure
B:需求跟踪矩阵
Requirements traceability matrix
C:工作说明书
Statement of work
D:责任分配矩阵
Responsibility assignment matrix
正确答案:B 你的答案:B
解析:指南-5.2.3.2需求跟踪矩阵,把产品需求从其来源连接到能满足需求的可交付成果的一种表格。使用需求跟踪矩阵,可以把每个需求与业务目标或项目目标联系起来,有助于确保每个需求都具有商业价值。需求跟踪矩阵记录需求所有者。
147、 [单选] X 产品将扩大规模以支持 1000 个用户的在线协作,项目团队向项目经理提交了两个选择方案,方案一是购买并集成独立模块,成本为 6,000 美元,预计用户有 50%的可能性使用该设施;方案二是花费 10,000 美元建设系统能力,预计用户有 70%的可能性使用该设施,根据预期价值分析,哪个方案最适合,并且如果每个用户收入为 15 美元,则回报是?
X products will be scaled up to support 1000 users online collaboration, the project team submitted two options to the project manager, the first one is to purchase and integrate independent modules, the cost of 6,000 dollars, the user is expected to have 50% of the possibility to use the facility; Programme two is to spend 10,000 dollars to build system capacity, Users are expected to use the facility for 70% of the time, according to the expected value analysis, which is the most suitable option, and if each user income of 15 U.S. dollars, then the return is?
A:方案一,回报为 1500 美元
Programme one, with a return of 1500 dollars
B:方案一,回报为 500 美元
Programme one, with a return of 500 dollars
C:方案二,回报为 1500 美元
Programme two, with a return of 1500 dollars
D:方案二,回报为 500 美元
Programme two, with a return of 500 dollars
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:所属知识领域:项目风险管理。所属过程组:规划过程组。解析:定量风险分析,参考11.4.2.5决策树分析 计 算1000*50%*15-6000=1500 ;1000*70%*15-10000=500
148、 [单选] 一家咨询公司获得在一个近年来才有人口居住地区扩建现有设施的合同。公司管理层选择了一名项目经理,并告知项目经理他们对支持该项目以及敏感性问题的承诺。 项目经理应优先考虑的事是什么?
A consultant company has been awarded a contract to expand an existing facility in a recently populated area. The executives select a project manager and inform them their commitment to support the project and the sensitive nature of the issues. What should be considered firstly by the project manager?
A:制定项目章程,正式确认该项目
develop the project charter and confirm this project formally
B:谈判内部沟通专家的分配问题
negotiate about the assignment of internal communication experts
C:执行一项彻底的项目相关方分析
execute an roughly analysis of stakeholders
D:在工作说明书(SOW)中明确注明期望、目标和成功标准
define the expectations, objects and success criteria in the statement of works
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:合同是章程的输入。
拿到合同并不意味着项目被正式批准,应当制定项目章程并取得发起人的批准
149、 [单选] 项目要求为关键路径上多个任务的制定资源。整个项目工期的资源是充足的,但是在某个特定月份不能始终充足。项目经理应应用哪种技术在风险最低的情况下延迟非关键任务?
Project requirements are resources for the development of multiple tasks on a critical path. The resources for the duration of the project are sufficient, but not always sufficient in a particular month.
A:资源平衡
Resource Balance
B:赶工
Clock
C:制定受资源制约的进度表
Develop a resource-constrained schedule
D:快速跟进
Quick follow up
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:关键字分析-整个项目工期中资源充足,但某个特定月份不充足,只需资源在关键路径/非关键路径之间的平衡
150、 [单选] 某公司建立了一个项目管理办公室(PMO),用于协调和管理其众多项目,公司的 PMO 提出了一个具体的项目组织和建议,并作为标准在全公司实施。该组织结构的特点是设置了享有中高级权利(包括控制项目预算)的全职项目经理和全职管理人员。PMO 提出了何种组织结构?
A company has established a project management office (PMO) to coordinate and manage many of its projects, and the company's PMO proposes a specific project organization and recommendations, and is implemented as a standard throughout the company. The organizational structure is characterized by a full-time project manager and a full-time manager with senior-level rights, including control of project budgets. What organizational structure does the PMO propose?
A:强矩阵
Strong matrix
B:弱矩阵
Weak matrix
C:项目型
Project type
D:职能型
Functional type
正确答案:A 你的答案:A
解析:表 2-1在强矩阵型组织中设置有设置了享有中高级权利(包括控制项目预算)的全职项目经理和全职管理人员。指南-2.4.4.1组织结构类型-表2-1组织结构对项目的影响。
作者:小燕_lillian
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/e4fe23283dd9
来源:简书
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