Lesson 28 Five  pounds too dear 五镑太贵

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●wares n.货物，商品

●anchor    v.停航下锚

●deck  n.甲板

●silverware   n.银器

●tempt v.吸引，引诱

●bargain   v.讨价还价

●disembark   v.下船上岸

●assail v.纠缠

●marble    n.小玻璃球

●inscribe  v.刻写，雕

●favour    n.好处，优惠

●gesticulate    v. （讲话时）打手势

●outrageous   adj.出人预料的；令人不悦的

●thrust v.硬塞给

■wares n. 货物，商品

wares:      货郎随身携带的货物

  复合词、表示“器皿、器具”

silverware,ironware, glassware, software,hardware, chinaware

goods:      商店里出售的商品

commodity: （正式，总称）商品

commodity price /economy / market / exchange

■anchor v. 停航下锚

■deck n. 甲板

■silverware n.银器

■tempt v. 吸引，引诱

vt.  tempt sb. to do sth.吸引某人做某事

temptation n. 引诱

the temptation todo sth.

tempting adj. 有吸引力的

■bargain v. 讨价还价

vi. & n.

a good bargain 好交易

make a bargain 达成协议，做成交易

drive a hard

bargain with sb 和某人费力的讨价还价

bargain with sbfor sth  和某人就……讨价还价

bargain away : 讨价出售，论价出售

L27-05_28-01  end 11’44”

L28-02  begin 11’17”

■disembark v. 下船上岸

=debark下船上岸

embark 上船

■assail v. 纠缠

vt.

He was assailedwith worries.

afflict:困扰

■marble n. 小玻璃球

■inscribe v. 刻写，雕

■favour n. 好处，优惠

in favour of     赞成，支持，有利于

in one'sfavour   受某人欢迎，得到欢心

out of favour    不利，失宠

The situation both

at home and aborad is in our favour.无论是国内外的形势均对我们有利。

by favour of: 烦请面交

do sb. a favour:给某人以恩惠

Eg.: Can you do me

a favour to dance with me？ 能赏光跳支舞吗？

favourite: 受到优惠的，优待的

favourable:赞成的，称赞的

■gesticulate v. （讲话时）打手势

■outrageous adj. 出人预料的；令人不悦的

He playedoutrageous joke.

outrage n. 暴行

rage 盛怒，发怒

fly into a rage 勃然大怒

■thrust v. 硬塞给

thrust sth. into 塞进

thrust aside 推开

thrust oneself

forward 向前挤

thrust oneself in 探听，干涉==thrust one’s nose into

Don’t thrustyourself in privacy.

thrust sth. upon

sb. 强加于人

Don’t thrust youridea upon me.

thrust sb. out 解雇

【Text】

§Lesson 28 Five pounds too dear五镑太贵

Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.

Why was even fivepounds ‘too dear’?

[if !vml][endif][if !vml]

[endif]Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great lineras she was entering the harbour. Before she had anchored, the men from theboats had climbed on board and the decks were soon covered with colourful rugsfrom Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmadesilverware. It was difficult not to be tempted. Many of the tourists on boardhad begun bargaining with the tradesmen, but I decided not to buy anything untilI had disembarked.

I had no sooner gotoff the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring.I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I wasimpressed by the size of the diamonds. Some of them were as big as marbles. Theman went to great lengths to prove that the diamonds were real. As we werewalking past a shop, he held a diamond firmly against the window and made adeep impression in the glass. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.

The next man to

approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. I examined one of the pens

closely. It certainly looked genuine. At the base of the gold cap, the words

'made in the U.S.A.' had been neatly inscribed. The man said that the pen was

worth ￡50, but as a special favour, he would let

me have it for ￡30. I shook my head and held up five

fingers indicating that I was willing to pay ￡5.

Gesticulating wildly, the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he

eventually reduced the price to ￡10. Shrug-

ging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after meand thrust the pen into my hands. Though he kept throwing up his arms indespair, he readily accepted the

￡5 I gavehim. I felt espe-

cially pleased with my wonderful bargain----until I got back to the ship. Nomatter how hard I tried, it was impossible to fill this beautiful pen with inkand to this day it has never written a single word!

参考译文

当一艘大型班船进港的时候，许多小船载着各种杂货快速向客轮驶来。大船还未下锚。小船上的人就纷纷爬上客轮。一会儿工夫，甲板上就摆满了色彩斑斓的波斯地毯。印度丝绸。铜咖啡壶以及手工制作的漂亮的银器。要想不为这些东西所动心是很困难的。船上许多游客开始同商贩讨价还价起来，但我打定主意上岸之前什么也不买。

我刚下船，就被一个人截住，他向我兜售一枚钻石戒指。我根本不想买，但我不能掩饰这样一个事实：其钻石之大给我留下了深刻的印象。有的钻石像玻璃球那么大。那人竭力想证明那钻石是真货。我们路过一家商店时，他将一颗钻石使劲地往橱窗上一按，在玻璃上留下一道深痕。我花了半个多小时才摆脱了他的纠缠。

向我兜售的第二个人是卖名贵钢笔和手表的。我仔细察看了一枝钢笔，那看上去确实不假，金笔帽下方整齐地刻有“美国制造”字样。那人说那支笔值50英镑，作为特别优惠，他愿意让我出30英镑成交。我摇摇头，伸出5根手指表示我只愿出5镑钱。那人激动地打着手势，仿佛我的出价使他不能容忍。但他终于把价钱降到了10英镑。我耸耸肩膀掉头走开了。一会儿，他突然从后追了上来，把笔塞到我手里。虽然他绝望地举起双手，但他毫不迟疑地收下了我付给他的5镑钱。在回到船上之前，我一直为我的绝妙的讨价还价而洋洋得意。然而不管我如何摆弄，那枝漂亮的钢笔就是吸不进墨水来。直到今天，那枝笔连一个字也没写过！

【课文讲解】

five pounds toodear

dear ==expensive,costly

Small boats sped

to the great liner----主干

loaded with----过去分词作定语，“装载，运载” （= filled with ）

speed :迅速驶向

speed down hill 向山下疾驶

speed up        向山上疾驶

speed by        迅速驶过

Our holiday speedby.

anchor:停航下锚

the men from the

boats 小船上的人们

be covered with 堆满了

重点句型：It was difficult not to tempted.(双重否定)

It was difficultnot to tempted by the beautiful shoes.

L28-02  end 11’17”

L28-03  begin 11’30”

bargain with 与......讨价还价

 on board----介词短语，修饰thetourists

not ... until

Eg.: I decided notto do anything until I had got home.

    They didn’t reach the school until they hadalready pass to by two villages.

背熟：I had no sooner got off the ship than I wasassailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring.

had no sooner ...

than句型 （no sooner 位于句首，要倒装）

表示“一…就…”的句型有：as soon as, the moment that, on doing, had no soonerthan, had hardly when

have no intention

of doing sth 不打算做某事

Eg.: I have nointention of changing my mind.

He said that hehad no intension of looking for another job.

the fact that----同位语从句，不能更改为which

I can not conceal

the fact that... 我不能隐藏这一事实

impress: 给......极深的印象

be most impressedby  某人被留下了极深的印象

What impressed me

most was 给我印象最深的是

Eg.: Whatimpressed me most was beauty here.

create / give a

bad impression on sb. 给......以不良印象

Eg.:If the shop isuntidy, it creates a bad impression on potential of customers.

    If you don’t work hard, it will create abad impression on your boss

make a quite

impression on sb. 给某人留下极深的印象

Eg.: Your speechmade a quite impression on me.

impression n. 印痕

Eg.: He made adeep impression in glass.

记住：but I could not conceal the fact that I wasimpressed by the size of the diamonds.

as...as  象......一样

go to

great(considerable, any) lengths 竭尽全力，不惜一切代价

L28-03  end 11’30”

L28-04  begin 12’09”

Eg.: He went togreat lenghts to pass the examination.

real:     真的，不是捏造出来的，非人工制造的（= genuine）

true:     与事实或现实符合 ( ≠false )

genuine:  不是伪造的，非人工制造的（常用来修饰金银、字画、古董 ≠fake）

real reason, realfears, real / genuine money, real / genuine diamond

past ==by 走过

It take sb. sometime

to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事

get rid of 摆脱，除去；治好=cure

He can never get

rid of his debts. （~ debt ==pay off:还清）

stain ==wash off洗净

The next man to

approach me:第二个向我兜售的人，靠近我的人

at the base of 在……的底部

as a special

favour 作为一种特殊的优惠

for 出价钱

hold up fivefingers indicating that...

indicating:分词作状语，“意思是说......”

Eg.: I held up tenfingers indicating that I was willing to pay $10.

Gesticulating: 现在分词作伴随情况状语

act as if (行为、举止)好像

as if ==as though

outrageous: 感到出乎意料的，令人不能容忍的

eventually ==atlast

shrugging----现在分词作伴随状况状语

readily

==willingly 心甘情愿地

be pleased with=

be satisfied with 对……感到满意

No matter how==however

fill with

to this day==up

till now, until now, so far 到目前为止

课文虽然简单，但务必要牢记几种句子结构在心中。

L28-04  end  12’09”

L28-05  begin 14’54”

【Multiple choice questions】P136

Comprehension

1  At what point did the tradensmen start tryingto sell their merchandise?

a. Once it had benbrought to them by the small boats.

b. While they werelaying it out on the decks.

c. As soon astheliner had anchored in the harbour.

d. Once thetourists had arrived on board.

merchandise: 商品

lay out 摆设

2  What happened once the writer got on shore?

a. A man who hadfollowed him off the ship tried to sell him a diamond.

b. He was made tolook at some diamonds against his will.

c. A man startedpestering him to buy a diamond.

d. On his way to ashop, he met a man who was selling diamonds.

pester: 纠缠（=assail）

afflict: 折磨

3  What made the writer finally buy the pen?

a. He had beenunable to make the man understand he did not want it.

b. The man eventuallyagreed to his original offer.

c. He decided itwas the only way to get rid of the man.

d. He was afraidthe man might otherwise become violent.

Structure

4  But I decided to disembark _____ anything.(ll.7-8)

a. before I wouldbuy    b. until I was buying    c. until I had bought    d. before buying

not ...until

before

5  I was assailed by a man who wanted _____ adiamond ring.(l.9)

a. that Ibought    b. for me to buy    c. me to buy    d. my buying

6  ---- of buying one, but the man _____ that Iwas impressed … (l.10)

a. must havenoticed    b. had to notice    c. must notice    d. could notice

7  The man said that although the pen was worth￡50, as a special favour, _____ for ￡30. (ll.16-17)

a. he would let itto me        b. he could have let me haveit

c. it would havebeen mine     d. he might give me

a改为he would let me have it

Vocabulary

8  It was difficult to _____ temptation.(ll.5-6)

a. avoid    b. fight   c. resist    d. stand

resist temptation 抗拒

9  _____ I was approached by a man who wasselling… (l.14)

a. The later    b. On the next time    c. Afterwards    d. After

after 多用于具体的时间名词之后two days after

afterwards常常单独使用    soonafterwards  shortly afterwards

the later 表示后者

10  ---- and held up five fingers indicating I_____ to pay five pounds. (l.17)

a. wished    b. was ready to    c. intended    d. expected

intend to do 有意图、有打算，但不表示心甘情愿

11  The man acted as if he found my offer _____ …(l.18)

a. irritating    b. preposterous    c. hilarious    d. unspeakable

irritating: 令人烦恼的

preposterous: 荒谬的

hilarious:充满欢声笑语的

unspeakable==terrible

12  _____ hard I tried, it was impossible to fillthe pen. (ll.21-22)

a. However    b. Whatever    c. Whichever    d. So ever

原文：no matter how

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. B   2. C  3. B   4. D   5. C  6. A   7. D   8. C  9. C   10. B   11. B  12. A

L28-05 8’06”     [ Lesson 28 48:31 ]

（L28-05_29-01  6’43”）       [ Lesson 29  43:16 ]

§ Lesson 29 Funny or not? 是否可笑？

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●largely   adv.在很大程度上

●comic     adj.喜剧的，可笑的

●universal adj.普遍的

●comedian    n.滑稽演员，喜剧演员

●distasteful     adj. 讨厌的

●pester v.一再要求，纠缠

●dread v.惧怕

●recovery n.康复

●plaster    n.熟石膏

●console   v.安慰，慰问

●hobble    v.瘸着腿走

●compensate v.补偿

●mumble  v.喃喃而语

■largely adv.在很大程度上

Eg.: He successwas largely due to luck.

■comic adj. 喜剧的，可笑的

■universal adj. 普遍的

universal agent 全权代理人

universal time 世界时

universal joint 万向接头

universality n. 普遍性

universally adv.

Eg.: Ituniversally acknowledged that English is getting more and more important.

universe 宇宙

■comedian n. 滑稽演员，喜剧演员

comedy 喜剧

tragedy 悲剧

tragic 悲剧的

comic 喜剧的

■distasteful adj. 讨厌的

Eg.: The idea isdistasteful to me.

distastefully adv.

■pester v. 一再要求，纠缠

==assail (l28)

pester sb. to do

pester sb. with

Eg.: Hecontunually pesters his boss with demands.

pester sb. forsth.

■dread v. 惧怕

后面可以跟名词、动名词、不定式搭配连用

Eg.: We were

dreading his arrival.我们正担心他来呢。

I dread to thinkwhat will happened if she find out.

He dread having tomeet his parents.

dreadful adj.

dreaded

in dread of

fear 一般的恐惧

horrify 使恐怖，使极度恐惧

■recovery n. 康复

■plaster n. 熟石膏

■console v. 安慰，慰问

Eg.: He isconsoling his friend in grief for the loss of child.

■hobble v. 瘸着腿走

■compensate v. 补偿

■mumble v. 喃喃而语

L28-04_29-01  end  14’54”

L29-02  begin 14’53”

【Text】

§ Lesson 29 Funny or not? 是否可笑？

Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.

[if !vml]

[endif]What is the basis of ‘sick’ humour?

[endif][if !mso][endif]

5

[if !mso]

[endif][if !mso & !vml][endif][if !vml]

[endif]Whether we find ajoke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up. The senseof humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman,for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, aRussian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishmanlaugh to tears.

[endif][if !mso][endif]

10

[if !mso]

[endif][if !mso & !vml][endif][if !vml]

[endif]Most funny storiesare based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funnysituations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find itdifficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films. However, a newtype of humour, which stems largely from the U.S., has recently come intofashion. It is called' sick humour '. Comedians base their jokes on tragicsituations like violent death or serious accidents. Many people find this sortof joke distasteful. The following example of 'sick humour' will enable you tojudge for yourself.

A man who hadbroken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. Fromthe moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him whenhe would be able to go home. He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital.Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. On Christmasday, the man still had his right leg in plaster. He spent a miserable day inbed thinking of all the fun he was missing. The following day, however, thedoctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leavehospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. The man took heart and,sure enough, on New Year's Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. Tocompensate for his unpleas-

ant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him.In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody howmuch he hated hospitals. He was still mumbling some-

thing about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of iceand broke his left leg.

[if !vml][endif] 

参考译文

我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。同样的道理，一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处。

大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别林的早期电影很难不发笑。然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。它被叫作“病态幽默”。喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。

圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，他在床上郁郁不乐地躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。在晚会上他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。

【课文讲解】

I found itdifficult to finish the work in a day.

第1句话是文章的topic

be based on:以……作为基础

It was difficultnot to be tempted

Stem from, comefrom, arise from, originate from

His feeling ofhate stems from envy

Her interest inflowers stemed from her childhood in the country

come into fashion 开始流行

come into being  开始形成

come into power 开始执政

Comedians basetheir jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents.

Some funny storiesare based on tragic situations.

A man whose rightleg had been broken...

From the moment hearrived at party, he enjoyed himself very much.

keep doing sth. 不间断的，不停的做某事

keep on doing sth.反复、重复干某事(中间可以有短暂的暂停) (keep: vi.)

Don’t keep onasking silly questions.

He kept smokingall the while.

He kept on smokingall the while.

keep +宾语+动词ing形式，keep on 不能用于该句型

He kept me waitingfor an hour.

I’m sorry to havekept you waiting so long.

dread to do==dread doing

a miserable day: aterrible day

think of 想到，想起，想着

When I saw you Ithought of my sister.

think of doingsth.

He is thinking ofsetting up a school.

spend time doingsth.

by 通过某种方式手段

dread to do =dread doing

a miserable day: aterrible day

think of:想到，想起，想着

When I saw you Ithought of my sister.

think of doingsth.

He is thinking ofsetting up a school.

spend time doingsth.

by:通过某种方式手段

I arrived here bytrain.

在表达可能性这个语句的时候，经常采用复数形式

chances of

My chances ofpassing the examination are good.

It is quitepossible for me to pass the examination.

L29-02  end 14’54”

L29-03  begin 14’16”

His chances ofbeing dismissed are good.

记熟：his chances of doing sth. are good. / remote  做……可能性极大/极小

remote

His chances ofarriving here by bicycle are remote.

slight

He took heart whenhe got the good news.

lose heart :失去信心，失去勇气

The cake is morethan I can eat.

mecessary, gook,possible, anticipate, expect, feel, suggest, report, require, think

He eats more thanis good for him.

as

He arrived as Iexpected. / He arrived as was expected.

He eats just asmuch as is good for him.

He eats more thanis good for him.

The man drank justas much was good for him.

She is quite fat.==She isn’t right fat.

Yesterday I wentswimming. In the process, I had a very good time.

I was lookingforyourhouse and got lostin the process.

keep telling==keep on telling

how much ----towhat extent

How much can Itrust him?

when: at thatmoment

L29-03  end 14’16”

L29-04  begin

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  Whether you find ‘sick humour’ funny or notwill depend on _____ .

a. your havingbeen brought up in America

b. the joke beingrelated to a fundamentally comic situation

c. your ability tosee the funny side of an unpleasant event

d. your ability tolaugh until you cry

the funny side of…

2  The man spent Christmas Day feeling miserablebecause _____ .

a. the doctor hadfailed to attend to him

b. he was not ableto be with his friends.

c. being unable towalk, he did not enjoy the celebrations at the hospital

d. he thought hemight also miss the New Year’s Eve celebrations

He spent amiseable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing.

3  The point of the joke taken to illustrate‘sick humour’ is that _____ .

a. no sooner wasthe man out of hospital than he had to go back in again

b. the man shouldnot have said how much he hated hospitals

c. the man wouldbe unable to walk for the rest of his life

d. the man had notgot a leg to stand on

taken to illustrate…过去分词

Structure

4  _____ , for instance, might find it hard to …(ll.3-4)

a. The French    b. A French    c. A man in Frnace    d. If you were French

缺少主语

任意一个法国人a french man

a man in France 法国有那么一个人

5 _____ amusingstories are based on comic situations. (l.7)

a. Most    b. Most of    c. The majority    d. Mostly

most of the (art.)+n.

most of thestudents

the majority of …大多数

6  A man _____ broken was taken to hospital …(l.13)

a. whose right leghad been    b. who had the right leg

c. with one rightleg            d. to whom the right leghad been

who 引导定语从句

a man who hadbroken his…

7  He had no sooner arrived there _____pestering his doctor … (ll.13-14)

a. and then hebegan   b. than he gegan    c. he began    d. to begin

no sooner than

8  The man compensated for his unpleasantexeriences in hospital _____ a little more than … (ll.19-20)

a. drinking    b. to drink    c. by drinking    d. and drunk

by drinking

by 表示通过某种手段

Vocabulary

9  Though the doctor _____ … (l.15)

a. worked verywell    b. could not have beenbetter   c. was extremely skilled    d. did all he could

try one’s best /doone’s best  竭尽全力

10  The doctor him by _____ … (l.17)

a. felt    b. advised    c. pleased    d. comforted

comfort:安慰

11 ----and kepttelling everyone _____ hehated hospitals. (l.21)

a. at greatlengths that    b. to their cost    c. to what extent    d. why

how much…多么（痛恨）

to what extent =how much

at geat lengths =

in great detail 详细的

to one’s cost 通过痛苦的体验

Eg.: Wasp’s stingsare serious as I know to my cost.

12  He was still mumbling something _____ at theend … (ll.21-22)

a. in the sameway    b. to the same effect    c. of comon sense   d. of some sort

in the same way 强调使用相同的方式

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. C   2. B  3. A   4. A  5. A   6.A   7. B  8. C   9. D   10. D  11. C   12. B

L29-04  7’27”    [ Lesson 29 43:16 ]

（L29-04_30-01  2’20”）      [ Lesson 30  39:13 ]

§ Lesson 30 The death of a ghost 幽灵之死

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●labourer n. 劳动者

●overnight adv. 一夜之间

●hay n. 干草

●corn n. 谷物

●moonlight n. 月光

●conscientious adj. 认真的

●suspect v. 怀疑

●desert v. （军队中）开小差

●regiment n. （军队）团

●action n. 战斗

●recluse n. 隐士

■labourer n. 劳动者

labourer 特别强调使用体力，而不是技能；户外工作

workman    指具有某种工艺技能的半熟练工人

worker     泛指，暗示具有更高的技术水平，通常指脑力劳动者

farmhand   农场雇工，农业工人; farmlabourer

■overnight adv. 一夜之间

■hay n. 干草

■corn n. 谷物

■moonlight n. 月光

■conscientious adj. 认真的

a conscientiousteacher

conscious adj. 意识到的，清楚的

L29-04_30-01  end 9’50”

L30-02  begin  9’20”

■suspect v. 怀疑

suspect vt. 怀疑  to believe tobe true or likely

I suspected him ofstealing the car.

suspected that…

He suspected thathis girlfriend tried to hide her true feelings.

suspect sb. to be

I suspect him tobe a spy.

doubt 怀疑, 表示否定的语意

I doubt whether heis a liar. / I suspect that he is a liar.

I doubt the truthof his statement.

suspicious adj.

Cats aresuspicious of human beings.

suspicion n. 猜疑，怀疑

■desert v. （军队中）开小差

desert vt. runaway without permission

The soldierdeserted his army.

We sheltered fromthe storm in a deserted hut.

abandon 放弃

desert 违背法律、道义、责任、信仰

desert the army,desert school, desert his duty, desert his family

abandon 被迫放弃所感兴趣或所负责任的东西。

He had to abandonhis favorite research because of the war.

forsake vt.  放弃，抛弃，与……脱离关系

Eg.: He forsookhis family.

discard v. 放弃，丢弃：give up as useless

Eg.: everyday wediscard a large amount of rubbish.

■regiment n. （军队）团

■action n. 战斗

■recluse n. 隐士

【Text】

§ Lesson 30 The death of a ghost 幽灵之死

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

Why did the twobrothers keep the secret?

[if !vml][endif]For years villagers believed that Endleyfarm was haunted. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox. Theyemployed a few farm hands, but no one was willing to work there long. Everytime a worker gave up his job, he told the sam story. Farm labourers said thatthey always woke up to find the work had been done overnight. Hay had been cutand cow sheds had been cleaned. A farm worker,who stayed up all night, claimedto have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight. In time, it became anaccepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that didmost of their work for them.

No one suspectedthat there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen. This wasindeed the case. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that theghost of Endley had died. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' wasnone other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as ayoung man. After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had keptfor over forty years.

Eric had been theeldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers. He had beenobliged to join the army during the Second World War. As he hated army life hedecided to desert his regiment. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, hereturned to the farm and his farther hid him until the end of the war. Fearingthe authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well. His father toldeverybody that Eric had been killed in action. The only other people who knewthe secret were Joe and Bob. They did not even tell their wives. When theirfather died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding. All theseyears, Eric had lived as a recluse.He used to sleep during the day and work atnight, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley. Whenhe died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret anylonger.

参考译文

多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场在闹鬼。恩得利农场属于乔.考科斯和鲍勃.考科斯兄弟俩所有。他们雇了几个农工，但谁也不愿意在那儿长期工作下去。每次雇工辞职后都叙述着同样的故事。雇工们说，常常一早起来发现有人在夜里把活干了，干草已切好，牛棚也打扫干净了。有一个彻夜未眠的雇工还声称他看见一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。随着时间的流逝，考科斯兄弟雇了一个尽心尽责的鬼，他们家的活大部分都让鬼给干了，这件事成了公认的事实。

谁也没想到农场竟会有一个从未露面的人。但事实上确有此人。不久之前，村民们惊悉恩得利农场的鬼死了。大家都去参加了葬礼，因为那“鬼”不是别人，正是农场主的兄弟埃里克.考科斯。人们以为埃里克年轻时就死了。葬礼之后，乔和鲍勃透露了他们保守了长达50多年的秘密。

埃里克是这家长子。年龄比他两个弟弟大很多，第二次世界大战期间被迫参军。他讨厌军旅生活，决定逃离所在部队。当他了解自己将被派遣出国时，他逃回农场，父亲把他藏了起来，直到战争结束。由于害怕当局，埃里克战后继续深藏不露。他的父亲告诉大家，埃里克在战争中被打死了。除此之外，只有乔与鲍知道这个秘密。但他俩连自己的妻子都没告诉。父亲死后，他们兄弟俩认为有责任继续把埃里克藏起来。这些年来，埃里克过着隐士生活，白天睡觉，夜里出来干活，一点不知道自己已成了恩得利家场的活鬼。他死后，他的弟弟们才觉得无法再保守这个秘密了。

【课文讲解】

It is said thepublic house was haunted.

haunt: visitsomewhere very often

He haunted thiscinema.

own == possess

the farm waspossessed by two brothers.

be willing to ==beready to do

every time

==whenever引导时间状语从句

Every time Ilisten to his advice, I get into trouble.

Whenever I listento his advice, I get into trouble.

wake up to findthat  醒过来的时候，结果却发现……

to 不定式做结果状语

He woke up to findthat he was surrounded by a large crowd of people.

He hurried to thepost office only to find that it was shut.

L30-02  end 9’20”

L30-03  begin 9’19”

and 平行句式结构

hay 干草

A farm worker,who…, claimed to …

句子主干：A farm worker claimed to …

claim to have done

claim to have done声称做过某事

Eg: He claimed tohave seen the puma.

Seamen claimed tohave seen monsters.

see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事

who 引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明a farm worker

These youngpeople, who love the peace of the moutains, always receive a warm welcome atSalnt Bernard Monastery.

stay up : not togo to bed

I stayed up lastnight

The boy sat up tosee the film.

wait up for/sit up

for 为了等待某人回来而不睡觉

Don’t wait up forme, I’ll be home very late.

burn the midnight

oil 开夜车

Eg: I have to burnthe midnight oil tonight to complete work.

in time 最后，终于

It became anaccepted fact that…

变成一个大家都接受的事实

that 引导同位语从句，补充说明fact

同位语补充说明先行词的内涵

An idea came toher that she might do the experiment in another way.

Everybody hadalready accepted the fact that the puma is still at large.

It becomes anaccepted fact that eht puma is still at large.

that引导定语从句

No one suspectedthat…

someone else whohad neer been seen

be astonished = besurprised

astonish,surprise, amaze, astound

be astonished todo sth.

I’m not surprisedto see he is still as fat as before.

for == as 是对全句的补述

none other than ==no other than  强调结构，表示不是别人而正是……

Eg: The man whohad sent the flowers was none other than the man she had spoken to the nightbefore.

L30-03  end 9’19”

L30-04  begin 9’42”

It was no otherthan my old friend Johnson.

The man who spoketo her was none other than her husband.

nothing else than 仅仅

Eg: His failiurewas due to nothing else than his own carelessness.

a third brother 又一位兄弟

who was supposed =who was thought

He was supposed tohave died 20 years before.

keep secret    保密

reveal secret   揭露秘密，披露秘密

The press revealedthe scandal.

He kept secret fora long time.

he kept it tohimself for a long time.

very much : much 用来加强语气

be obliged to do =

be forced to do 被迫做某事

He had been inhiding...

Fearing the authorities...现在分词引导原因状语

in hiding = inconcealment

he remained in hidingat home...

the only other

people who knew the secret 仅知道的人

the only other

people who finished the work 仅完成这项工作的人

they thought ittheir duty to...

it 形式宾语

I thought it verydifficult to pass this examination.

We all think itour duty to support our parents.

形式宾语it和宾语补足语直接搭配连用，宾语补足语可以是名词或形容词

形容词短语做状语，进一步补充说明全句

 quite unaware of the fact that...

that 引导同位语从句

We amassrequisites quite unaware of the fact.

amass  收藏，积聚

his brothers foundit impossible to do...

it形式宾语

It is quite impossibleto finish the hard work in 2 hours.

I found it quiteimpossible to finish the hard work in 2 hours.

L30-04  end 9’42”

L30-05  begin 

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  While farmhands stayed at Endley Farm _____ .

a. they woke up duringthe night to find their work had been done for them

b. they often sawa figure working in the fields at night

c. they did nothave any work to do

d. it neveroccurred to them that there was someone in hiding on the farm

it never occur tothem that...

it 在这儿是形式主语

2  Eric remained in hiding after the war because

a. he feared thepenalty he might receive for his desertion

b. his father hadtold everyone he had died

c. he was afraidof being sent abroad by the authorities

d. he was fond ofthe life of a recluse

penalty

==punishment 惩罚

3  When did the identity of the ‘ghost’ becomeknown?

a. When theillagers attended the funeral.

b. Fifty yearsafter the outbreak of the Second World War.

c. when the fatheror me three Cox brothers died.

d. When Joe andBob felt they would have to have their brother buried.

Structure

4  Farm labourers said that on waking up _____work had been done.(ll.4-5)

a. to find    b. they would find    c. and finding    d. they had found

5  ---- employed a conscientious ghost, _____ mostoftheir work for them. (ll.8-9)

a. doing    b. to have done    c. which did    d. so as to do

6  As he hated _____ , he decided to desert …(l.16)

a. the life ofarmy    b. life in the army    c. life of the army    d. the army for life

军队生活：army life; life in the army

学校生活：school life; life in the school

7  ---- Eric had been killed _____ fighting withhis regiment. (ll.18-19)

a. while    b. during   c. as if    d. because

8  Joe and Bob were the only other people whoknew the secret _____ their wives. (ll.19-20)

a. and did noteven tell    b. which they did not eventell

c. who did nottell         d. yet did not tell it to

Vocabulary

9    _____ , it became an accepted fact. … (1.8)

a. At thetime    b. On time    c. With time    d. At times

at times ==

occasionally 有时

on time 准时

10  He was _____ during the Second World War.(ll.15-16)

a. recruited    b. conscripted    c. armed   d. regimented

recruit 招募军队 可指非法招募

Eg: Can't yourecruit more members to the music society?

conscript 根据法律或宪法征兵，与介词into 连用，在美语中用draft

regiment n. 军团；vt. 使受训练

arm vt. 武装

11  All these years, Eric had lived _____ .(ll.20-21)

a. out of thisworld    b. a secret life    c. without a companion    d. the life of a hermit

12  He used to work at night, _____ that he hadbecome the ghost of Endley. (ll.21-22)

a. neverrealizing    b. quitemisunderstanding    c. quiteignoring    d. never accounting for

realize == becomeaware of

never realizing =quite unaware of

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. D   2. A  3. D   4. B   5. C  6. B   7. A  8. A  9. C   10. B   11. D  12. A

L30-05  8’35”        [ Lesson 30  39:13

L30-05_31-01  2’24”     [ Lesson 31  41:04 ]