1.使用DialogFragment(谷歌官方推荐)

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    if (true) {
        // 若重写了onCreateDialog(),则优先使用onCreateDialog布局
        // 若没有,则使用onCreateView布局
        new MyDialogFragment().show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "dialog");
    } else {
        // 当作fragment使用, 必须重写onCreateView()布局
        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
                .add(android.R.id.content, new MyDialogFragment())
                .addToBackStack(null)
                .commit();
    }
}

class MyDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
    @Override
    public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity()).setView(R.layout.dialog).create();
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // getDialog().requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog, container, false);
    }
}

2.使用AlertDialog实现

new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
// 自定义布局
            .setView(R.layout.dialog)
            .show();    

3.使用Dialog实现

在values/styles.xml
<style name="MyDialogStyleBottom">
    <!--出入动画-->
    <item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">@style/AnimBottom</item> 
    <!--悬浮-->
    <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item>
    <!--无标题-->
    <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
    <!--背景透明变暗-->
    <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>     
    <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
    <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item>        
</style>

Dialog dialog = new Dialog(布局样式MyDialogStyleBottom);
dialog.setContentView(布局);      
dialog.show();

4.使用PopupWindow实现

View v = View.inflate(布局);
PopupWindow p = new PopupWindow(v);
p.setBackground···  
p.setLoaction···
或p.setDropdown···(设置显示位置)；

5.使用Activity实现

在AndroidManifest.xml中
修改Actity主题android:theme="@style/MyDialogStyleBottom"

滑出滑入动画

在values/styles.xml
    <style name="AnimBottom">
        <item name="android:windowEnterAnimation">@anim/push_bottom_in</item>
        <item name="android:windowExitAnimation">@anim/push_bottom_out</item>
    </style>

在anim/push_bottom_in.xml
滑入式动画
<set>  
    <translate  
        android:duration="200"  
        android:fromYDelta="100%p"  
        android:toYDelta="0"/>        
</set>  

在anim/push_bottom_out.xml
滑出式动画
<set> 
    <translate  
        android:duration="200"  
        android:fromYDelta="0"  
        android:toYDelta="50%p" />  
</set>

简书: http://www.jianshu.com/p/0d61d356ec52
CSDN博客: http://blog.csdn.net/qq_32115439/article/details/53710981
GitHub博客: http://lioil.win/2016/05/05/Dialog-Style.html
Coding博客: http://c.lioil.win/2016/05/05/Dialog-Style.html