创建一个新分支：

$ git checkout -b feature1
Switched to a new branch 'feature1'

修改 readme.txt 最后一行，改为：

Creating a new branch is quick AND simple.

在 feature1 分支上提交：

$ git add readme.txt 
$ git commit -m "AND simple"
[feature1 75a857c] AND simple
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

切换到 master 分支：

$ git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.

Git 还会自动提示我们当前 master 分支比远程的 master 分支要超前1个提交。

在 master 分支上把 readme.txt 文件的最后一行改为：

Creating a new branch is quick & simple.

提交：

$ git add readme.txt 
$ git commit -m "& simple"
[master 400b400] & simple
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

现在，master 分支和 feature1 分支各自都分别有新的提交。这种情况下， Git 无法执行“快速合并”，只能试图把各自的修改合并起来，但这种合并就可能会有冲突，我们试试看：

$ git merge feature1
Auto-merging readme.txt
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in readme.txt
Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.

果然冲突了！Git 告诉我们，readme.txt 文件存在冲突，必须手动解决冲突后再提交。git status 也可以告诉我们冲突的文件：

$ git status
# On branch master
# Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits.
#
# Unmerged paths:
#   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
#
#       both modified:      readme.txt
#
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

我们可以直接查看 readme.txt 的内容：

Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software distributed under the GPL.
Git has a mutable index called stage.
Git tracks changes of files.
<<<<<<< HEAD
Creating a new branch is quick & simple.
=======
Creating a new branch is quick AND simple.
>>>>>>> feature1

Git 用 <<<<<<<，=======，>>>>>>> 标记出不同分支的内容，我们修改如下后保存：

Creating a new branch is quick and simple.

再提交：

$ git add readme.txt 
$ git commit -m "conflict fixed"
[master 59bc1cb] conflict fixed